Belton wrote:But wholly Japanese operations are rare. (Often they are run by Chinese as a sort of theme restaurant. Even the Japan Centre's restaurant had Korean waiters as my Japanese host found out when he tried ordering in Japanese!) so tipping as per local custom is common but probably less common overall than I believe is the case in the US.
I must say I prefer the Japanese way. and in the longer term think it allows for a better relationship with regulars, where a compliment and return business is probably worth more. (Pay staff properly, provide consistent service, price properly and don't ask for charity)
More often than not it was the case in the US where you'd go to a Japanese restaurant and all of the staff is either Chinese or Korean. Reason being that all Asians look alike, and what are the chances of someone coming in that CAN speak Japanese? I did find one sushi place where the staff were Japanese and most of their customers were Japanese on assignment for the local Nissan plant.
As for tipping, I enjoy the Japanese way, and employers' should pay their employees a decent wage. I was at one restaurant in the US where they automatically added 18% to the total if your group was over a certain number.