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If someone were to ask you....

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Reed_NZ
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If someone were to ask you....

Postby Reed_NZ » April 16th, 2008 2:07 pm

What is the best way to learn Japanese efficiently how would you respond?
Would you say to learn certain parts of grammer first? Kana? etc etc, how would you rank certain aspects in the timing of learning?

Belton
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Postby Belton » April 16th, 2008 4:02 pm

That's sort of an impossible question. Language is sort of a chicken and egg proposition, you really need to do little bits of everything at once.

As a complete beginner wondering where to start. Start with a basic text like Japanese for Busy People or Genki. These will teach you vocabulary and grammar in a structured way and give you drills in everyday situations. They're designed to give you structure and introduce grammar and vocabulary in the order you'll need them.
Start listening to the newbie and beginner lesson here on jPod. Learn the kana. Join a class if you can, or form a study group.
This will keep you busy for a good 6 months or more and by then you should have a good feel for how to progress.

There aren't many shortcuts in learning a language. And it's a lifelong task. At the very least to become fluent we're talking about several years at least. But that's what's so good about it in a way it's an open ended task that should never become boring.

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QuackingShoe
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Postby QuackingShoe » April 16th, 2008 5:00 pm

Jump into the language and have fun with it. Make sure what you do in the language is enjoyable, and do a lot in the language. Read books, listen to music, watch television (no subs), play video games. Don't do anything boring. In the case of the reading activities, start as soon as you've got the most basic grammar necessary to understand them, and find things vaguely appropriate to your level (not in vocabulary. That's what dictionaries are for). This will largely be Manga at the start, unless you can find some elementary school or for-foreign-learner books. For listening, don't wait at all. I'd agree with the chicken and the egg analogy, but in that in Language learning, doing things within a language is both the cause and the effect of fluency. In other words, don't read textbooks until you're 'good enough' to start doing real Japanese. Just do it. This is the best advice I've gotten so far.

Beyond that, I would say do learn the kana absolutely first (it only takes a couple days to learn to recognize and read them, a week or two to write them without hesitation, provided you put in the time), then move onto basic grammar (it's probably most important to get to the point where you understand clauses can modify nouns directly), and then devour vocabulary voraciously (by way of reading). Do Kanji consistently, but learning to (recognize, not write) the kanji will also be a natural byproduct of learning vocabulary. You'll want to write them, too (at least I asssume), so get a book. Some people recommend going through Remembering the Kanji or something similar before you actually begin studying. I'm not one of those people, but I don't think of it as a bad idea. Now, a GOOD (relatively) textbook will teach you all of these things at once, so if you need the structure of a textbook, go ahead, but don't use it as your one path to Japanese. I'd give you a recommendation, but I've only used Beginning Japanese for more than a little while. It's taught me a lot of important things, but it's pretty flawed, too, not the least by being nearly 50 years out of date with Modern Japanese at this point.

Don't be scared off by the claim of 'several years at least'. For one thing, it's inaccurate. It's true that many (most?) people will take several years, and there's nothing wrong with that. Different people have different amounts of time and energy they can consistently invest in the language, and that's absolutely fine. It's the end goal that matters. But if you want to learn the language in a year, know that people have, and that you can too if you really challenge yourself. As a practical example, I have a Russian friend who picked up English eight months ago and she has almost unhampered communications with me online (she hasn't left Russia). She's far from fluent in terms of knowledge, but not in time. I fully expect her to be effectively fluent by the end of her 12 month anniversary. I know that's from Russian to English instead of English to Japanese, so if you insist there's a difference, I can assure you people have done the same with that as well ;) They're just not my friends!

What's impossible is defined only by yourself. Just don't expect that to happen by dutifully taking a class or listening to some podcat (this podcast is a nice supplement, but it's not a road to fluency). You have to really dive into it.

Also, learn the dictionary form of verbs first, for the love of the language gods. If you ever get a text that insists on teaching Formal forms only (or for an extended period), throw it in the freaking garbage. That crap is meant for people who want to go to Japan quickly and have stilted (but polite!) conversations for business niceties or just to get around. It isn't for anything longer term, and will be actively HARMFUL in the long term. I still have to backward conjugate some of the verbs I learned early on sometimes because of that idiocy. Actually, the worst is the language I learned in Rosetta stone. It puts almost EVERYTHING in the -te form, so now when I try to backward conjugate words I learned from there and haven't yet reinforced elsewhere, sometimes I have to make random guesses at what the dictionary form is (since there is one -ta or -te form for multiple verb endings).
Check out http://guidetojapanese.org/frames.html for great, understandable grammar points and www.alljapaneseallthetime.com for motivation and great ideas. They're both the source of a lot of the things I've parroted here, along with personal experience.

Good luck!

Sarius24
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No exact way to start....just start!

Postby Sarius24 » April 16th, 2008 10:17 pm

I started three years ago when i curiously found a book in the library about travelling to japan. I learned how to read hiragana from it and some words, then i stopped for two years but now i'm studying it again.
Just try to begin somewhere, (Good to start with kana)

Javizy
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Postby Javizy » April 16th, 2008 10:52 pm

If you just learn kana and stick to the lessons (including the PDF's) on this site starting with the newbies and then moving on to Beginner, you will end up with a good base vocabulary and understanding of grammar - as well as a half decent level of listening comprehension - after a few months.

After you've learnt verb conjugations and basic stuff like that, I'd strongly recommend buying A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar by Seiichi Makino, which will pretty much be your grammar Bible for the next year or so. Similarly, after finishing kana I'd recommend Remembering the Kanji by James W. Heisig that you can review using Anki, which has a premade Heisig deck. They are a few other priceless study techniques, but there is already a thread for that somewhere.

For now, just 'find your feet' and see if it's really for you; you're going to need to find some level of enjoyment in it to get anywhere with it. Luckily the lessons on here of a great way to do both of those things, so good luck.

Belton
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Postby Belton » April 16th, 2008 11:18 pm

I truly doubt you can be fluent in under a year.
Doing it as a full time paid endeavour for the US state department takes two years intensive study, (88 weeks I believe) one year of that at a language school in Japan. Focussed serious study by graduates with a high aptitude for languages.

Fluent is different than being able to communicate. Communication can happen after a year or so depending on what sort of standard of communication you want.

Fluent is being able to have adult conversation without any hesitation while you think of words or conjugations. It is being able to construct arguments, use idioms, use the correct register for a situation, off the cuff, no dictionaries. Function as an adult in various situations, business, day to day, travel, etc. without recourse to your first language.

It may not be everyone's immediate goal in a language but it is most peoples vague aspiration. Most adults are not studying full time and have lots of other stuff to do with their time and don't have the chance to live in Japan so it's going to take a similar time spread over many more weeks. That's the reality for most people.

Dictionary forms probably are the best form to memorise a verb in, but masu-desu forms are the most immediately useful form. EVERY transaction in Japanese is based on relative status. Masu forms are the most neutral for any given situation a foreigner will find themselves in.
When the choice is between polite but potentially stiff and plain but potentially rude, polite wins. Especially in a society where most transactions are based on relative status and when this forms part of the language.

QuackingShoe
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Postby QuackingShoe » April 17th, 2008 1:26 am

I thank you for your earnestness to correct me, but I promise I know the definition of the word fluent. This is the same concept I was referring to.

I'd like to point out that the US government doing something (anything) doesn't make it the right way of being done. That aside, http://www.alljapaneseallthetime.com/blog/about is still a practical example of someone who learned Japanese in a comparatively short amount of time. Yes, he was unusually dedicated, but he still did it. I've also had the pleasure of being acquainted with a large number of people who have learned English (yes, to fluency) in incredibly short periods of time, and often by unorthodox methods (two learned primarily from playing Online cooperative games o.0), so my mind is rather open to the possibility. At any rate, my claim was never that this was the standard speed at which to learn a language, but rather that it was possible, because what's possible is defined by the individual. Similarly, most people will never achieve a multi-million dollar personal fortunes through business, or become rocks stars. Yet, some people do, and the main cause of this is an intense motivation and the burning certainty that, for them, it is possible, and that they won't stop and will do everything and make every sacrifice they can until they're there. These things are incredibly difficult, involve a level of chance, the right methods, and might be said to be effectively impossible. And for the people who think they are, well, indeed. They are. But not, it would seem, for everyone. If you want it, you'll get it. Be a rock star! I fully intent to achieve fluency in a similar amount of time. I'll let you know how it goes, and should I fail, please feel free to laugh in my face. I'll deserve it ;) But I won't regret it, because I'll be putting in my all.
And this doesn't have to be everyone's goal! Not everyone wants to be a rock star (I don't want to be a literal one ;)). Learning a language is a GREAT thing, and I don't care if you take 4 years, 6 years, 10 years, or 2 months, I'll applaud you for doing something great. Maybe it's just a hobby for you, or you outright don't have time. I'd never say that's bad! You can play the guitar all your life and never want to be a musician, it can just be fun. But just don't sit on your laurels! I have so many aunts and uncles who've been learning languages all their lives, but they still can't read a picture book or have a conversation with a toddler. Don't be that! Do it! Set an impossible goal for yourself, even if it's only impossible for you. Even if you don't prove it possible, you'll go a lot farther than you ever would have trotting along. Do you know when world records get broken? Right after they were broken last time! Once you see it's possible to run the track in 56.2, you realize it's not as impossible as everyone thought, and maybe 55.9 isn't either.
Guess what? It isn't.

Moving on, I agree fully, 100%, that one should learn the formal forms if one plans to visit Japan very soon. As I said, that's what those books/tapes/etc are directed to, and they're great for that. Most of them even feature business-specific dialogue, or tourist dialogue, or host family dialogue, or what have you.
However, I take for granted that anyone here in this forum is not interested in that, and anyone learning the language for the long haul probably won't really have enough information to communicate with until they've started learning the dictionary form anyway - especially since any complex sentence you construct (or read, or hear) will contain the dictionary or plain forms, even in very polite speech. The bread I eat is "taberu pan," not "tabemasu pan." Not to mention the ever popular -ndesu construction.
Beyond that, the dictionary-to-masu conjugation is the single easiest conjugation in the entire Japanese language, so you'll be losing almost no time by learning the dictionary forms first, whereas if you learn the -masu first and bury it in your brain, when you move onto a more advanced level, you'll have to conjugate from -masu to dictionary (also relatively easy) and *then* conjugate to whichever conjugation you desire. This is a waste of mental processing time, and a step away from fluency. Eventually you'll weed out the initial -masu stem from your brain, as I have, and the damage will be reversed, but you're still having to learn over something you could have learned correctly in the first place. To that end, I stand by my statement that learning the formal forms first is a waste of time and ultimately (if temporarily) damaging, and that instruction set up that way is not geared in the proper direction for the serious learner.

Anyway, I won't be replying to this thread again after this post, because I don't want to start anything explosive in here. Do feel free to rebuff me (you have a right), but I'll be letting whatever's said stand. Please do not view my statement in the previous post as a personal attack; it was rather an attempt at encouraging the original poster, after I found your post personally discouraging.

To the original poster, Good luck again!

Reed_NZ
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Postby Reed_NZ » April 17th, 2008 9:32 am

Thanks for the replies and Quacking im sure noone is going to be like that, we all have opinions which will differ or they wouldn`t be opinions they would be facts!
I actually have been learning japanese for a couple of months and have been in Japan for 3 weeks now. I have a basic comprehension so far but i wanted to ask the question just to get the opinions of the community.
Regarding the -masu form of verbs, i was slightly overwhelmed at first when i had got here because i felt i had a fairly good knowledge of a good percentage of the -masu form verbs but found when talking to people they were rarely used as i was never really in a formal situation so learning the dictionary forms got my comprehension a little further, but it definately a good way to start i felt.
I am learning Kanji through Childrens books at the moment which i have felt to be useful as they are all in Kana so i try to translate everything on the page which has helped me immensly, even just at a beginning level.
The biggest hurdle for me, and i can bet for others is being able to come out of your shell and actually speak Japanese to the Japanese people. I am by far a shy person, but when it comes to speaking Nihongo i seem to lose that confidence a little. Im sure it will come with time but highly frustrating at the moment.
Another thing i find is i can understand a hell of a lot more than i can actually say, is this to be expected?
Once again i thank you all for your replies, much appreciated

Belton
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Postby Belton » April 17th, 2008 9:59 am

溜め息 I'm loath to add to the verbiage here.

@QuakingShoeさん
Ironically we seem to agree on most things except the length of time the effort required to learn a language takes. If you do it 70 hours a week maybe it will happen in a year.

@Reed_NZさん
your milage may vary.
It wasn't my intention to discourage you. (It seems I'm a pessimistic old git)
I merely thought it worth pointing out that there are few shortcuts and language learning is an open-ended long term activity.
My advice is to set medium term goals realistic to your situation and time available.
A lot of people have large ambitions but don't have the staying power and get discouraged and frustrated and give up. I've seen this happen more often than I've heard of amazing rapid success.

Best thing you can do in my opinion is find a good and experienced teacher.

I was trying to think what I'd do differently if I was starting again.
Try to tackle reading sooner. In the long run it's one of the obstacles to quick progression in Japanese.

I find that Heisig doesn't work for me, but if I had 6 months or so before learning Japanese proper I think I'd blitz through Heisig and delay learning Japanese. It could well lead to a more long term gain. However I've yet to know of anyone who did this besides Heisig himself. Maybe you could be number 2.

-you posted as I was writing this-
It seems you are not exactly a complete newbie.
Living in Japan is one of the better things you could be doing.

As for input being greater than output. It's the same in every language that passive skills are greater than active skills. Just think about the difference between your everyday speaking vocabulary in English and your ability to understand a difficult novel let's say.

I understand your shyness in speaking. Just jump in. Often even if you mess up, the listener's native ability will compensate and your meaning will come through. And most people are patient with people trying to learn their language. That said try to correct bad habits before they become ingrained. Un-learning can be more difficult than learning.

Plain Vs. Polite. Maybe I just know too many polite and older women! The level of politeness seems to provide an indicator as to age and sex. I was actually taken aback a bit recently on mixi when a young woman went straight to plain without the niceties of はじめまして and masu-desu forms first.

sodapple
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Japanese in mangaland

Postby sodapple » April 17th, 2008 5:24 pm

I think that to learn has not to be boring so that "Japanese in mangaland" takes you across three books that can prepare you to have a good intermediate level of japanese in a few time of course if you put many effort. :wink: Ganbare!!

johnpa
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Postby johnpa » June 3rd, 2008 8:11 pm

Being a Newbie, I'd have to say I don't really know. But I'm determined not to make the same mistakes I made while learning English:
1) Don't pick up bad habits. Especially when it comes to grammar and pronunciation.
Nothing's more inefficient than having to go back and re-learn how to speak words and form sentences.
2) Don't be in a rush to translate your native thoughts into a foreign language.
When you think about it... Translation is one of the most advanced stages of language mastery. Every cultural group has their own way expressing their thoughts and feelings in particular contexts. Going for a literal, word for word, translation will often lead to awkward or inappropriate phrases.
3) For God's sake, don't neglect your listening skills!
My first year at an American University literally brought me to tears. It didn't matter how well I could read, or how strong my vocabulary was, because I couldn't understand what the %$#& my instructors were trying to say. (Tape recorders were little help BTW.)

So I'd say:
1) Use the voice recognition software.
2) Try applying the grammar points as you learn them.
3) Learn all the "high frequency" words and phrases.
4) Pay attention to the contexts and politeness levels of all the dialogues.
5) Expose yourself to as much spoken Japanese as possible. And really try to pick out the words or phrases that are being used.

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