Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒŠใ‚ชใƒŸใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: Jessi here. โ€œJapanese Bears Only Attack Because They're Hungryโ€ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Naomi: ๅผท่ชฟ "emphasis"ใ‚’่กจใ™ ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ไปŠๅ›žใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใฏใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ3ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ็ถšใใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใจใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใจๅจ˜ใ•ใ‚“ใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใชใŒใ‚‰่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใพใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚ฏใƒžใŒไบบใ‚’่ฅฒใ†ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†โ€ฆโ€ฆใจใ„ใ†่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใซใฏใ€็’ฐๅขƒๅ•้กŒใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ‚ˆใ่žใๅ˜่ชžใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Jessi: In this lesson, you'll will learn the usage of the particle ใ“ใ . This lesson's story is a continuation from the last lesson. A young girl and her parents are talking while watching the news on T.V. In this dialogue, you'll learn some environment-related vocab words often heard on the news.
Naomi: ใงใฏใ€่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
DIALOGUE
ๅจ˜: ไบบใ‚’่ฅฒใฃใŸใ‚‰ๆฎบใ•ใ‚Œใกใ‚ƒใ†ใฎใซใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏไบบใ‚’่ฅฒใฃใกใ‚ƒใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
ๅฆป: ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใฏใšใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ€‚่ฅฒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸไบบใ“ใใ€ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚
ๅคซ: ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏๅฑฑใซ้ฃŸๆ–™ใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใฎไฝใ‚€ใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†ใญใ€‚ไบบใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ“ใใ€่ฅฒใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
ใ‚ขใƒŠใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ: ๅ„ๅœฐใงใ‚ฏใƒžใฎ่ขซๅฎณใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ๆฃฎๅคงๅญฆใฎ็†Š่ฐทๆ•™ๆŽˆใซใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
็†Š่ฐท: ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒไฝๅฎ…ๅœฐใซๅ‡บๆฒกใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎใˆใ•ใŒๅฑฑใซใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ‚„้…ธๆ€ง้›จใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆœจใŒๆžฏใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚‚ๅŽŸๅ› ใฎไธ€ใคใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚
ใ‚ขใƒŠใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ: ใคใพใ‚Šไบบ้–“ใ“ใใŒๅ…จใฆใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸโ€ฆโ€ฆใ€‚
็†Š่ฐท: ใใ†ใ€‚ๆฃฎใŒๅ†็”Ÿใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฎๅ•้กŒใฏ่งฃๆฑบใ—ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใญใ€‚
ๅฆป: ใ‚ฏใƒžใ‚‚้ฃŸๆ–™ไธ่ถณใงๅคงๅค‰ใชใฎใญโ€ฆโ€ฆใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ€–ใ„ใ‚ใ€‚ใ‚ใฎๅ…ฌๅœ’ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ€ใ‚ณใฎๅฐๅญฆๆ กใ‹ใ‚‰็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผŸ
ๅจ˜: ็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ใ‚ฏใƒž็”จใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ€‚ใปใ‚‰ใ€‚
ๅคซ: ใใ‚Œใงใ“ใใ€ใŠใ‚Œใฎๅญใ ใ€‚
English Host: Now letโ€™s hear it with the English translation.
ๅจ˜: ไบบใ‚’่ฅฒใฃใŸใ‚‰ๆฎบใ•ใ‚Œใกใ‚ƒใ†ใฎใซใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏไบบใ‚’่ฅฒใฃใกใ‚ƒใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
Jessi: Even though bears get killed if they attack people, I wonder why that bear attacked that person?
ๅฆป: ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใฏใšใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ€‚่ฅฒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸไบบใ“ใใ€ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Jessi: How would a bear understand that? It's the person who was attacked who's to be pitied.
ๅคซ: ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏๅฑฑใซ้ฃŸๆ–™ใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใฎไฝใ‚€ใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ใ†ใญใ€‚
Jessi: Bears come and look for food where people live because there's no food in the mountains, I suppose.
ๅคซ: ไบบใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ“ใใ€่ฅฒใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Jessi: It's because they're scared of humans that they attack them, apparently.
ใ‚ขใƒŠใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ: ๅ„ๅœฐใงใ‚ฏใƒžใฎ่ขซๅฎณใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: In various places, bears continue to cause damage.
ใ‚ขใƒŠใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ: ไฝ•ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ๆฃฎๅคงๅญฆใฎ็†Š่ฐทๆ•™ๆŽˆใซใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
Jessi: : In order to attempt to discover the cause of this, we interviewed Professor Kumagai from Forest University.
็†Š่ฐท: ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒไฝๅฎ…ๅœฐใซๅ‡บๆฒกใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎใˆใ•ใŒๅฑฑใซใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Jessi: The reason that bears appear in residential districts is because there is hardly any food for them in the mountains.
็†Š่ฐท: ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ‚„้…ธๆ€ง้›จใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆœจใŒๆžฏใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚‚ๅŽŸๅ› ใฎไธ€ใคใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: We can also point to the withering of trees caused by global warming and acid rain as one cause of this.
ใ‚ขใƒŠใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ: ใคใพใ‚Šไบบ้–“ใ“ใใŒๅ…จใฆใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸโ€ฆใ€‚
Jessi: So basically, human beings themselves are the originators of all of these causes...
็†Š่ฐท: ใใ†ใ€‚ๆฃฎใŒๅ†็”Ÿใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฎๅ•้กŒใฏ่งฃๆฑบใ—ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใญใ€‚
Jessi: That's right. If the forests don't come back to life, then the true problem will probably not be solved.
ๅฆป: ใ‚ฏใƒžใ‚‚้ฃŸๆ–™ไธ่ถณใงๅคงๅค‰ใชใฎใญโ€ฆใ€‚
Jessi: So bears are suffering from food shortages tooโ€ฆ
ๅฆป: ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ€–ใ„ใ‚ใ€‚
Jessi: But it's frightening.
ๅฆป: ใ‚ใฎๅ…ฌๅœ’ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ€ใ‚ณใฎๅฐๅญฆๆ กใ‹ใ‚‰็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ€‚
Jessi: That park is just a stone's throw away from Sadako's elementary school.
ๅจ˜: ็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚็†Š็”จใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ€‚ใปใ‚‰ใ€‚
Jessi: I'll be fine. I have anti-bear spray. Look.
ๅคซ: ใใ‚Œใงใ“ใไฟบใฎๅญใ ใ€‚
Jessi: That's my girl!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Naomi: ใ‚ฏใƒžใซ่ฅฒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใฎใ‚‚ไบบ้–“ใชใ‚“ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ– โ€œglobal warmingโ€ ใ‚„้…ธๆ€ง้›จ โ€œacid rainโ€ ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใ ใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใญใ€œใ€‚ใพใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชๅŽŸๅ› ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ไบบ้–“ใŒๆœจใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใฃใฆๆฃฎใ‚’ใชใใ—ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ“ใจใจใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใซใจใฃใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใˆใ•ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ไบบ้–“ใฎๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ดใƒŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใปใ†ใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใ—ใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ(็ฌ‘) ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใŒไฝๅฎ…ๅœฐใซ้ฃŸๆ–™ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€œใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€้‡Ž็”Ÿใฎใ‚ฏใƒžใฏๅฑใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฑฑใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏๅฟƒ้…ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ใƒ†ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒ™ใ‚ขใจใฏใ‚ใ‘ใŒ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใญ(็ฌ‘) ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ†ใ„ใˆใฐใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใฎไธญใงใ€ๅจ˜ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ€Œใ‚ฏใƒž็”จใฎใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใชใ‚“ใฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
Jessi: ๅ‹‡ๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚ใ™ใ”ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ไฝฟใ†ๆฉŸไผšใŒใชใ„ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ทใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ‚ฏใƒžใซใฏไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏโ€ฆโ€ฆใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
Jessi: ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใŸใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ใชใ„ใงใ™ใญ๏ผใƒŠใ‚ชใƒŸๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏ๏ผŸ
Naomi: ็งใ‚‚ใชใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ๅ‹•็‰ฉๅœ’ใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใชใ€‚ใ‚ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใซใ„ใŸใจใใซใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎๆฏ›็šฎใฎใ‚ซใƒผใƒšใƒƒใƒˆ๏ผŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™(็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
Jessi: ใ‚ใ‚๏ผใใ‚Œใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใฎไฝ“ใฎๅฝขใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚ซใƒผใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใใ†ใใ†ใใ†ใ€‚ใ‚ใฎใ€ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅบƒใ’ใฆใฆใ€้ ญใ‚‚ใคใ„ใฆใ‚‹ใ‚„ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใ™ใ”ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ใ”ใ„ใ€‚ใณใฃใใ‚Šใงใ™ใญ(็ฌ‘)
Naomi: ใณใฃใใ‚Šใ€‚
Jessi &Naomi: ใ‚ซใƒซใƒใƒฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใ‚ฏ๏ผ
Naomi: ใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎไธญใงใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒžใจไผšใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸไบบใฏใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใœใฒไฝ“้จ“่ซ‡่žใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใœใฒใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
VOCAB LIST
Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
The first word we shall see is
Naomi: ไธ่ถณ
Jessi: insufficiency, shortage; suffix
Naomi: ไธ่ถณ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ€ไธ่ถณ [natural native speed]
Jessi: The next word is...
Naomi: ้…ธๆ€ง้›จ
Jessi: acid rain
Naomi: ้…ธๆ€ง้›จ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ€้…ธๆ€ง้›จ [natural native speed]
Jessi: The next word is...
Naomi: ่ขซๅฎณ
Jessi: damage
Naomi: ่ขซๅฎณ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ€่ขซๅฎณ [natural native speed]
Jessi: The next word is...
Naomi: ๅ†็”Ÿ
Jessi: playback, resuscitate, refresh
Naomi: ๅ†็”Ÿ [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ€ๅ†็”Ÿ [natural native speed]
Jessi: The last word is...
Naomi: ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–
Jessi: global warming
Naomi: ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ– [slowly - broken down by syllable]ใ€ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ– [natural native speed]
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Naomi: ใงใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„่กจ็พใ‚’่ฉณใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
Jessi: ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ๏ผŸ
Naomi: ไธ่ถณ(ใตใใ)
Jessi: shortage, insufficiency
Naomi: ไธ่ถณใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ€Œไธ่ถณใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: Right. ไธ่ถณใ™ใ‚‹ is a verb that means "to run short of" or "to become insufficient".
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚Œใฏsuffix ใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€suffixใฎใจใใฏใ€Œใตใ€ใŒใ€Œใถใ€ใซใชใฃใฆใ€Œใถใใใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ๆฐดไธ่ถณ(ใฟใšใถใใ)ใ€‚
Jessi: water shortage
Naomi: ใ€Œ้ฃŸๆ–™ใ€ใฏ โ€foodโ€ ใชใฎใงใ€้ฃŸ็ณงไธ่ถณ(ใ—ใ‚‡ใใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใถใใ)ใ€‚
Jessi: food shortage
Naomi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚้›ปๅŠ›ใฏ๏ผŸ
Jessi: electric power
Naomi: ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€้›ปๅŠ›ใŒ่ถณใ‚Šใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Jessi: ้›ปๅŠ›ไธ่ถณ(ใงใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใใถใใ) โ€œelectric power shortageโ€๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๅŠชๅŠ›ใฏeffortใงใ™ใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ŒๅŠชๅŠ›ใŒ่ถณใ‚Šใฆใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ๏ผŸ
Jessi: ๅŠชๅŠ›ไธ่ถณ lack of effort๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใฉใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใ—ใพใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: ๆฌกใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Naomi: ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆ
Jessi: ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆ๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œๅ…ˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€Œๅ‰ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ‰ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™(็ฌ‘)
Jessi: ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ‰๏ผŸ "in front of one's eyes and nose๏ผŸ" ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“(็ฌ‘)
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉ๏ฝžใ€‚So this idiom ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆ is used to express a very short distance.
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚Œใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใจ็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใตใ†ใซ่จณใ™ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Jessi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใจ "only a stone's throw away"ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€Œ็งใฎๅฎถใ‹ใ‚‰็›ฎใจ้ผปใฎๅ…ˆใซใ‚ณใƒณใƒ“ใƒ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€"There's a convenience store a stone's throw away from my house"ใฃใฆ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใ‚ใ€่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚

Lesson focus

Naomi: ไปŠๅ›žใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใฏใ€Œๅผท่ชฟใ€ โ€emphasisโ€ ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚ขใƒญใ‚ฐใฎไธญใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไบบ้–“ใ“ใใŒๅ…จใฆใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใ€
Jessi: So basically human beings themselves are the originators of all of these causes."
Naomi: ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใŒใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅŒใ˜ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ€Œไบบ้–“ใŒใ€ๅ…จใฆใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใ€
Jessi: "human being created all of these causes"
Naomi: ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œไบบ้–“ใŒใ€ใจใ„ใ†้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒๅผทใใชใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: So this particle ใ“ใ emphasizes the preceding word, phrase or clause.
Naomi: ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใญ๏ผŸ
Jessi: ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€"it's -that-"ใจใ‹ "for sure"ใจใ‹ "in particular"ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใฏใ€Œใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€"same here"ใฎใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใญ๏ผŸ
Naomi: ใ™ใ”ใ„๏ผใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใจใใซใ€ใ€Œใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆใ€็งใŸใกใ“ใใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€Žใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ‚ใชใใกใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: So the literal translation of ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ is "It's me who should thank you." Of course it means "No, Thank you."ใ€€ไป–ใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚‚ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ไปŠใ“ใใ€่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ ใ€‚
Jessi: "Now is the time for action."
Naomi: ้ŽๅŽปใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆใ€ๆœชๆฅใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ€่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใฏใ€Œใฐ conditionalใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ€็†็”ฑใ‚’่กจใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ใ‚ฏใƒžใฏไบบใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ“ใใ€่ฅฒใ†ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Jessi: "It's -because- bears are scared of humans that they attack them, apparently."
Naomi: ใ€Œใ‚ฏใƒžใฏไบบใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฅฒใ†ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œใฐใ€œใ“ใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ€็†็”ฑใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใฐโˆ’ใ“ใ is used to emphasize a reason. It's similar to "it is only because" or "it is precisely because" in English.
Naomi: ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใฎไบบใฏๆ‚ชใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฏ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใปใ†ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚่ฌใ‚‰ใชใใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: ๆ—ฅๆœฌใงใฏใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญ(็ฌ‘)
Naomi: ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญ(็ฌ‘) ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใจใใซใ€ไฝ•ใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Jessi: ใ€Œใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ‹ใ€ใ€Œ็งใ“ใใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใพใ‚ใ€ๆ—ฅๆœฌไบบใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒๆ‚ชใใชใใฆใ€็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใ–ใจ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ่ฌใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Naomi: ใใ‚Œใงใ€็›ธๆ‰‹ใซๆฐ—ใฅใ‹ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ฝžใ€‚
ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ€ใคใŽใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚่ฆชใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๅฑใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œใฐใ€œใ“ใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Jessi: (Wait for 10 sec) ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
Naomi: ่ฆชใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฑใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: "Parents scold their kids because they're worried about them."
ใƒŠใ‚ชใƒŸๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€ใ€Œใฐใ€œใ“ใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใจ๏ผŸ
Naomi: ่ฆชใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ“ใใ€ๅฑใ‚‹ใ€‚
Jessi: "It's only because parents are worried about their kids that they scold them."
Naomi: ใ€Œใ“ใใ€ใจใ„ใˆใฐใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚บใฎๆญŒใซใ€ŒAll you need is loveใ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ†ๆญŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚(songใ€œโ™ช)
Naomi: ใ‚ใ‚Œใฎๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ„›ใ“ใใฏๅ…จใฆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
Jessi: ใธใƒผใ€‚ใ‚ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€Œๆ„›ใ“ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญ(็ฌ‘)
Naomi: ใญใˆใ€‚็›ด่จณใชใ‚‰ใ€ŒAll you need is loveใ€ใฏใ€Œๆ„›ใ“ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใงใ™ใ‘ใฉใ€Youใจใ„ใ†ใฎ ใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌไบบใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็œ็•ฅใ—ใŸใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‹ใชใ€ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
Jessi: ใธใ€œใ€้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚

Outro

Naomi: ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏใ“ใฎ่พบใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
Jessi: ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใญใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใ€‚
Naomi: ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚

Kanji

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