Learn how to make the passive form of a verb in Japanese
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Tomoyuki: こんにちは、トモユキです。 |
| Jessi: Jessi here. Upper Beginner Season 1 lesson 2 “Be Sure to Listen for Japanese Tsunami Warnings”. Hello, and welcome to Japanesepod101.com, the fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Japanese. |
| Tomoyuki: いつもアッパービギナーのレッスンを聞いてくれて、ありがとうございます。今回のダイアログでは、お父さんと娘さんがあるアナウンスを聞いています。 |
| Jessi: In this lesson's dialogue, a father and his daughter are listening to some kind of public announcement. |
| Tomoyuki: この2人は海の近くにいるようです。 |
| Jessi: It looks like they're near the beach. |
| Tomoyuki: 今回の文法のポイントは受身です。 |
| Jessi: In this lesson, you'll review the passive form of verbs. |
| Tomoyuki: どんなアナウンスを聞いているのでしょうか。 |
| Jessi: Listen closely to the dialogue to find out what kind of announcement it is. |
| DIALOGUE |
| (siren） |
| アナウンス: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 海岸の近くにいる皆さんは、高い所に避難してください。 |
| 2メートルの津波が予想されます。 |
| 津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 急いで、高台に逃げてください。 |
| 津波の高さは2メートルです。 |
| (siren） |
| 美咲: つなみ？ |
| お父さん: うん。外国で大きい地震があったから、日本にも大きい波が来るんだって。 |
| 美咲: お家にも来るの？ |
| お父さん: 分からないけど、公園まで逃げよう。 |
| English Host: Now listen to the dialogue once without the sound effect. |
| アナウンス: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 海岸の近くにいる皆さんは、高い所に避難してください。 |
| 2メートルの津波が予想されます。 |
| 津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 急いで、高台に逃げてください。 |
| 津波の高さは2メートルです。 |
| 美咲: つなみ？ |
| お父さん: うん。外国で大きい地震があったから、日本にも大きい波が来るんだって。 |
| 美咲: お家にも来るの？ |
| お父さん: 分からないけど、公園まで逃げよう。 |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| アナウンス: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| Jessi: Just now, a tsunami warning has been announced. |
| アナウンス: 海岸の近くにいる皆さんは、高い所に避難してください。 |
| Jessi: Those near the coast, please evacuate to an elevated area. |
| アナウンス: ２メートルの津波が予想されます。 |
| Jessi: A two meter tsunami is predicted. |
| アナウンス: 津波警報が発表されました。 |
| Jessi: A tsunami warning has been announced. |
| アナウンス: 急いで、高台に逃げてください。 |
| Jessi: Please hurry to an elevated area. |
| アナウンス: 津波の高さは2メートルです。 |
| The height of the tsunami is two meters. |
| 美咲: つなみ？ |
| お父さん: うん。外国で大きい地震があったから、日本にも大きい波が来るんだって。 |
| Jessi: Yep. Apparently there was a big earthquake abroad, so big waves are coming to Japan, too. |
| 美咲: お家にも来るの？ |
| Jessi: Will they come to our house? |
| お父さん: 分からないけど、公園まで逃げよう。 |
| Jessi: I don't know, but let's escape to the park. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jessi: 今回は「津波」のAnnouncement でしたね！ |
| So the announcement was a "Tsunami warning". |
| Tomoyuki: はい、そうですね。ジェシーさん、「津波」は日本語ですが、英語で「津波」は、なんですか？ How do you say "tsunami" in English? |
| Jessi: Well, the word is taken directly from Japanese, and it's pronounced "tsunami". |
| Tomoyuki: |
| なるほどー。じゃ、ダイアログの「津波警報」は英語で"tsunami warning"ですか？ |
| Jessi: そうですね。That's right. Tsunami warning. |
| Ang, according to The Japan Meteorological Agency homepage, they issue either a 注意報 , meaning "advisory", or a 警報 meaning "warning" depending on the seriousness of the natural disaster. |
| Tomoyuki: 2011年の津波のときは「大津波警報」が出ましたね。 |
| Jessi: はい。 |
| Tomoyuki: 大津波は「大きい津波」Large TsunamiとかGiant Tsunamiという意味ですね。 |
| Jessi: Right, when the giant earthquake struck northern Japan in 2011, they issued a 大津波警報 "ootsunami keihō", which is a "large tsunami warning". |
| Tomoyuki: もちろん、英語でアナウンスをする場所もあるかもしれませんが、外国人が少ない田舎では、こういう緊急のアナウンスは英語に訳されません。知らないと危険ですよね。 |
| Jessi: そうですね。Some places might have announcements in English too, but in less-populated areas, these kinds of announcements are only made in Japanese. |
| Tomoyuki: 日本でも津波はあまり起きませんが、知っていると安心だと思います。 |
| Jessi: Even Japan doesn't experience that many tsunamis, but knowing these announcements and what they're about is very important. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jessi: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we’ll look at is... |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今 |
| Jessi: just now, presently |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、ただ今 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The next word is... |
| Tomoyuki: 発表 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: announcement, publication |
| Tomoyuki: 発表 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、発表 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The next word is... |
| Tomoyuki: 予想 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: expectation, anticipation, prediction, conjecture |
| Tomoyuki: 予想 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、予想 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The next word is... |
| Tomoyuki: 津波警報 |
| Jessi: tsunami warning, tidal wave warning |
| Tomoyuki: 津波警報 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、津波警報 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: The last word is... |
| Tomoyuki: 避難 [natural native speed] |
| Jessi: evacuation, escape |
| Tomoyuki: 避難 [slowly - broken down by syllable]、避難 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Jessi: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. 最初は何ですか？What's the first one we'll look at? |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今（ただいま ※発音注意してください！！） |
| Jessi: "presently" |
| Tomoyuki: 「ただ今」と「今」は同じ意味ですが、「ただ今」の方が丁寧ですね。 |
| Jessi: ただ今 basically means 今,which means "now," but ただ今 sounds a lot more formal. That's why we hear it a lot in business situations and announcements. What does ただ mean by the way? |
| Tomoyuki: うーん、強調ですね。大した意味はないです。 |
| Jessi: Ah, okay, so the ただ is really just there for emphasis. It doesn't have any specific meaning. That's why ただ今 basically means the same as 今. |
| あと、「ただいまー」って家に帰ったときにも言いますよね？ People say "tadaima" when they come home, right? |
| Tomoyuki: そうですね。家に帰ったとき「ただいまー」って言いますね。でも、実は発音も |
| ちょっと違うんです。 |
| Jessi: Oh, so they're the same, but the pronunciation is different? Okay, so, how do you say "presently"? |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今 (た↑だ↓いま） |
| Jessi: た↑だ↓今. It starts low and rises at だ and goes back down. ただ今 "presently". |
| Tomoyuki: Right. "I'm home" は「ただいま」（た↑だいま） |
| Jessi: た↑だいま. Starts low, and rises at だ and stays high. |
| ただいま. "I'm home." OK. Listeners, listen and repeat after Tomoyuki. |
| "presently" |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今 |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) OK. How about "I'm home?" Listen and repeat. |
| Tomoyuki: ただいま |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec) OK. On to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jessi: In this lesson you'll learn how to say "something was issued" or "something was expected" in Japanese with passive sentences. |
| Tomoyuki: 受身を復習しましょう。 |
| Jessi: First, let's look at the sentence from the dialogue. |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| Jessi: "Just now, a tsunami warning has been announced." |
| Tomoyuki: 発表されました。 |
| Jessi: was announced |
| Tomoyuki: is passive. |
| Jessi: In this audio lesson, we'll review the sentence structure. Here's one example.How do you say "birds eat bugs" ? |
| Tomoyuki: 鳥は虫を食べる。 |
| Jessi: Then, how do you say "bugs are eaten by birds"? |
| Tomoyuki: 虫は鳥に食べられる。 |
| Jessi: Did you notice that the doer of the action is marked by the particle に? 鳥に "by birds"? |
| Tomoyuki: And, 食べられる is the passive form of the verb 食べる "to eat". |
| Jessi: OK. Listen and repeat after Tomoyuki. "bugs are eaten by birds" |
| Tomoyuki: 虫は鳥に食べられる。 |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec.) OK. How do you say "bugs are eaten by fish" then? |
| Tomoyuki: 虫は魚に食べられる。 |
| Jessi: 魚に by fish. OK. Listen and repeat. "bugs are eaten by fish" |
| Tomoyuki: 虫は魚に食べられる。 |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec.) Okay, great job! |
| Tomoyuki: But Jessi, this sentence structure is a little different from sentence in this lesson. |
| 津波警報が発表されました. There's no に here. |
| Jessi: That's right. 津波警報が発表されました. "A tsunami warning was announced". The doer, the one WHO announced it, is not mentioned, so we don't need に meaning "by". |
| Tomoyuki: And did you also notice that the subject is marked by the particle が like 津波警報が. |
| Jessi: Great point. When saying that an unusual or unexpected incident happens, the subject is often marked by the particle が. Can we hear another passive sentence from the dialogue? |
| Tomoyuki: 津波が予想されます |
| Jessi: "A tsunami is expected to hit".予想する is "to expect". So 予想される means "to be expected" OK. Listeners listen and repeat after Tomoyuki. "A tsunami is expected to hit.". |
| Tomoyuki: 津波が予想されます |
| Jessi: (wait for 10sec).So can we hear another passive sentence from the dialogue? |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| Jessi: "Just now, a tsunami warning has been announced." |
| OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. "Just now, a tsunami warning has been announced." |
| Tomoyuki: ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| Jessi: (wait for 5 sec). OK. How did you do? |
| Tomoyuki: では、もう一度アナウンスだけを聞いてみましょう。 |
| Jessi: Let's listen to the announcement part once again to see if you can understand it better. |
| ただ今、津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 海岸の近くにいる皆さんは、高い所に避難してください。 |
| 2メートルの津波が予想されます。 |
| 津波警報が発表されました。 |
| 急いで、高台に逃げてください。 |
| 津波の高さは2メートルです。 |
| Tomoyuki: どうでしたか？わかりましたか？ |
| Jessi: Did you understand everything? We hope it was a lot clearer this time around. |
| Tomoyuki: このレッスンは単語が難しいかったかもしれないですね。レッスンノートをよんで復習してください。 |
| Jessi: We had some tough vocabulary words in this lesson, so please be sure to check out lesson notes for review. |
Outro |
| Tomoyuki: それではまた。 |
| Jessi: See you next time. |
Easily master this lesson’s grammar points with in-depth explanations and examples. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get complete breakdowns, review with quizzes and download printable practice sheets! Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Comments
Hide