Learn about inviting someone to a party
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Jessi: After this Lesson, Even You Will Understand Japanese Particles Kara and Made. |
| Jessi: Hi everyone, and welcome to the last lesson of the particle lesson series at JapanesePod101.com I’m Jessi and I’m joined here by Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: こんにちは。みなさん。 (Kon’nichiwa. Mina-san.) |
| Jessi: Thank you all for listening! So this lesson is the last lesson in this series, right？ 最後のレッスンですよね？(Saigo no ressun desu yo ne?) |
| Naomi: そうです。最後のレッスンです。(Sō desu. Saigo no ressun desu.) Right. このシリーズを続けるかどうかわかりません。(Kono shirīzu o tsuzukeru ka dō ka wakarimasen.) |
| Jessi: We don’t know whether we’ll continue this series or not. |
| 続けるかどうか・・・(Tsuzukeru ka dō ka…) Actually, we covered this usage of か (ka) in the previous lesson, right? |
| Naomi: そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| Jessi: So, which particles will we be going over in this lesson? |
| Naomi: In this lesson we’re going to review the usage of the particles から (kara) and まで (made). |
| Jessi: The conversation is between two people, correct? |
| Naomi: Right. 佐藤けい子さんと校長先生です。(Satō Keiko-san to kōchō sensei desu.) |
| Jessi: Keiko Sato and the school principal. And where does this conversation take place? |
| Naomi: 学校 (gakkō) “at school.” 多分先生の部屋ですね。(Tabun sensei no heya desu ne.) |
| Jessi: Probably in the staff room. And it looks like they’re going to have a party. So listen closely to find out what kind of party it is and also when and where it is. Now let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 校長先生:この学校に 来てから1週間ですね。(Kono gakkō ni kite kara isshūkan desu ne.) |
| : どうですか。慣れましたか。(Dō desu ka. Naremashita ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:はい。(Hai.) |
| 校長先生:今日、７時から あなたの歓迎会を しますから、来てくださいね。(Kyō, shichi-ji kara anata no kangeikai o shimasu kara, kite kudasai ne.) |
| 佐藤けい子:ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| : 何時くらいまでですか。(Nan-ji kurai made desu ka.) |
| 校長先生:たぶん、７時から９時までだ と思いますよ。(Tabun, shichi-ji kara ku-ji made da to omoimasu yo.) |
| : 場所は、駅の前のバーイノベーティブです。(Basho wa, eki no mae no bā innovative desu.) |
| もう一度お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| 校長先生:この学校に 来てから1週間ですね。(Kono gakkō ni kite kara isshūkan desu ne.) |
| : どうですか。慣れましたか。(Dō desu ka. Naremashita ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:はい。(Hai.) |
| 校長先生:今日、７時から あなたの歓迎会を しますから、来てくださいね。(Kyō, shichi-ji kara anata no kangeikai o shimasu kara, kite kudasai ne.) |
| 佐藤けい子:ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| : 何時くらいまでですか。(Nan-ji kurai made desu ka.) |
| 校長先生:たぶん、７時から９時までだ と思いますよ。(Tabun, shichi-ji kara ku-ji made da to omoimasu yo.) |
| : 場所は、駅の前のバーイノベーティブです。(Basho wa, eki no mae no bā innovative desu.) |
| 今度は英語が入ります。(Kondo wa Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 校長先生:この学校に 来てから1週間ですね。(Kono gakkō ni kite kara isshūkan desu ne.) |
| Jessi: It's been a week since you came to this school! |
| : どうですか。慣れましたか。(Dō desu ka. Naremashita ka.) |
| Jessi: How is it? Have you gotten used to it? |
| 佐藤けい子:はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: Yes. |
| 校長先生:今日、７時から あなたの歓迎会を しますから、来てくださいね。(Kyō, shichi-ji kara anata no kangeikai o shimasu kara, kite kudasai ne.) |
| Jessi: Today, we'll be having your welcome party at seven o'clock, so please come! |
| 佐藤けい子:ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Jessi: Thank you very much! |
| : 何時くらいまでですか。(Nan-ji kurai made desu ka.) |
| Jessi: Until what time does it go? |
| 校長先生:たぶん、７時から９時までだ と思いますよ。(Tabun, shichi-ji kara ku-ji made da to omoimasu yo.) |
| Jessi: It'll probably be from seven until nine, I think. |
| : 場所は、駅の前のバーイノベーティブです。(Basho wa, eki no mae no bā innovative desu.) |
| Jessi: It'll be at Bar Innovative, in front of the station. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: 歓迎会 “welcome party” をするんですね。(Kangeikai o suru n desu ne.) |
| Jessi: Yes. So they’re going to hold a welcome party for Keiko. That’s really nice of them. |
| Naomi: そうですね！あ、ジェシーさん。(Sō desu ne! A, Jeshī-san.) I’ve got an idea. Why don’t we review the dialogue with a quiz? |
| Jessi: Oh, that sounds good. |
| Naomi: Here’s the first question. 歓迎会は何時からですか。(Kangeikai wa nan-ji kara desu ka.) |
| Jessi: Can we hear the question one more time? |
| Naomi: 歓迎会は何時からですか。(Kangeikai wa nan-ji kara desu ka.) “What time is the party?” じゃ、ジェシーさん。答えは？(Ja, Jeshī-san. Kotae wa?) |
| Jessi: 7時からです。(Shichi-ji kara desu.) “It’s at 7”, or literally, “it’s from 7”. |
| Naomi: Did you get that? Now on to the next question. バー Innovative はどこですか。(Bā Innovative wa doko desu ka.) |
| Jessi: Can you say the question again? もう一度おねがいします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu.) |
| Naomi: はい。バーinnovative はどこですか。(Hai. Bā innovative wa doko desu ka.) “Where’s Bar Innovative?” じゃ、ジェシーさん。答えは何ですか。(Ja, Jeshī-san. Kotae wa nan desu ka.) What’s the answer? |
| Jessi: The answer is, 駅の前です。(Eki no mae desu.) It’s in front of the station. |
| Jessi: If you didn’t get those answers right, please listen to the dialogue again. |
| Naomi: はい、お願いします。(Hai, onegai shimasu.) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jessi: In this lesson, you'll review the usage of the particles から (kara) and まで (made). |
| Naomi: In lesson 5 and 6, we learned the usage of “[such and such] から (kara) [such and such] まで (made)” |
| Jessi: Both から (kara) and まで (made) are used after a noun. から (kara) marks the starting point such as a place or time, and まで (made) marks the limitation or extent. They are often used in a pair together. Can we hear a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: はい。ここから、空港まで何分かかりますか。(Hai. Koko kara, kūkō made nan-pun kakarimasu ka.) "How long does it take to get to the airport from here?" |
| Jessi: So we have ここから (koko kara) “from here”, 空港まで (kūkō made) “to the airport.” |
| Of course you can also use から (kara) and まで (made) individually. |
| Naomi: Right. |
| In lesson 6, we studied the sentence 今日から、ダイエットをします。(Kyō kara, daietto o shimasu.) “I'll be on a diet starting today.” |
| 今日から (kyō kara) is “from today” or “starting from today.” 明日から (ashita kara) is “from tomorrow” or “starting from tomorrow”. |
| I keep saying 明日からダイエットする。(Ashita kara daietto suru.) “I'll go on a diet starting tomorrow.” でも、その明日は絶対来ないの。(Demo, sono ashita wa zettai konai no.) (笑) |
| Jessi: But that tomorrow never comes for you! OK. So let’s review more ways to use から (kara) first. |
| In Lesson 15, you learned that から (kara) marks the material something is made from. For example? |
| Naomi: ぶどうからワインを作る。(Budō kara wain o tsukuru.) ”I make wine from grapes.” |
| Jessi: ぶどうから (budō kara) means “from grapes”. ワインを作る (wain o tsukuru) means “to make wine”. |
| Can we hear the sentence again? |
| Naomi: Sure. ぶどうからワインを作る。(Budō kara wain o tsukuru.) |
| Jessi: So if you want to say “to make Sake from rice”, that would be… |
| Naomi: Sake is 酒 (sake) and Rice is 米 (kome). So… 米から酒を作る (kome kara sake o tsukuru) “to make sake from rice”. |
| Jessi: In Lesson 18, you learned that から (kara) also indicates a reason |
| Naomi: Actually, this から (kara) is not a particle but a conjunction. |
| Jessi: That’s right. The conjunction から (kara) comes after a sentence that gives some kind of cause or reason. It corresponds to "because" or "since" in English. |
| So let’s hear a sample sentence that uses から (kara). |
| Naomi: その店は安いから人気がある。(Sono mise wa yasui kara ninki ga aru.) “That store is popular because it's inexpensive.” |
| Jessi: And から (kara) also follows the te-form of a verb to mean "after (the action takes place)" or "since (the action takes place)." |
| Naomi: うーん。(Ūn.) It sounds a bit complicated, but here’s a sample sentence. メールをチェックしてから、寝ます。(Mēru o chekku shite kara, nemasu.) “After checking my e-mail, I go to bed.” |
| Jessi: So チェックして (chekku shite) is the te-form of チェックする (chekku suru) “to check”. So…チェックしてから (chekku shite kara) means “after checking something.” |
| Naomi: Right. |
| Jessi: And then 寝ます (nemasu) is “to go to bed”. |
| So can we hear that whole sentence again? |
| Naomi: Sure. メールをチェックしてから、寝ます。(Mēru o chekku shite kara, nemasu.) ”After checking my e-mail, I go to bed.” |
| Jessi: OK. On to the next particle まで (made). |
| In lesson 6, you learned that the particle まで (made) marks the time or place an action ends. It's equivalent to "until" or “to” in English. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) Here’s a sample sentence. ミーティングは五時までです。(Mītingu wa go-ji made desu.) |
| Jessi: Literally “The meeting is until five.” In more natural English, that would be “The meeting finishes at five.” |
| So まで (made) also indicates the limit, extent or something unexpected. It corresponds to "as far as", "up to", or "even" in English. |
| Naomi: For example, 子供まで自分の携帯電話を持っている。(Kodomo made jibun no keitai denwa o motte iru.) |
| Jessi: “Even children have their own cell phones.” |
| まで (made) as in 子供まで (kodomo made) expresses extent, as in “even children”. 自分の携帯電話 (jibun no keitai denwa) “their own cell phones”, 持っている (motte iru) ”to have”. Can we hear this sentence again? |
| Naomi: 子供まで自分の携帯電話を持っている。(Kodomo made jibun no keitai denwa o motte iru.) |
| Jessi: “Even children have their own cell phones.” |
| For the speaker, children having their own cell phones is something unexpected. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Right. 子供まで？ (Kodomo made?) “Even children?!” |
| Jessi: Right, right. |
| Naomi: Speaking of まで (made), there was a very old song called “骨まで愛して” (‘Hone made aishite’). |
| Jessi: 骨まで愛して？？(Hone made aishite??) |
| 骨 (hone) is “bone”, right ? |
| Naomi: Right. |
| Jessi: So maybe something like, “Love Me to the Bone”? |
| Naomi: Right. Nobody expects to hear that. So 骨まで愛して (hone made aishite) is asking to love even one’s bones. Kind of weird though. |
| Jessi: Yeah, I’ve never heard of that before! But it’s a song title, right? So they get to be kind of creative. |
| Naomi: At least it’s catchy! |
| Jessi: Right! |
| In this lesson you reviewed the usage of particle から (kara) and まで (made). |
| Let’s recap this lesson with some quiz. |
| I’m going to read a sentence in English. Your job is to choose the best translation from the choices provided. Are you ready? Here’s the sentence. |
| “I make wine from grapes.” |
| Naomi: 1. ワインからぶどうを作る。(Wain kara budō o tsukuru.) |
| 2. ぶどうからワインを作る。(Budō kara wain o tsukuru.) |
| Jessi: The answer is? |
| Naomi: 2. ぶどうからワインを作る。(Budō kara wain o tsukuru.) ”I make wine from grapes.” |
| Jessi: Remember that から (kara) marks the material something is made from, so it’s placed after that material. |
| Choice 1. ワインからぶどうを作る。(Wain kara budō o tsukuru.) is backwards. It means “I make grapes out of wine.” |
| That would be interesting if you could do that! |
| OK, and now the next question. |
| How do you say: |
| “Even children have their own cell phones”? |
| Naomi: 1. 子供から携帯を持っている。(Kodomo kara keitai o motte iru.) |
| 2. 子供まで携帯を持っている。(Kodomo made keitai o motte iru.) |
| Jessi: And the answer is? |
| Naomi: 2. 子供まで携帯を持っている。(Kodomo made keitai o motte iru.) “Even children have their own cell phones.” |
| Jessi: まで (made) indicates the limit, extent or something unexpected. |
| So 子供まで (kodomo made) is “even children”. |
| And how about Choice 1? |
| Naomi: 子供から携帯を持っている。(Kodomo kara keitai o motte iru.) Well the meaning turns out a bit close though. 子供から (kodomo kara) means “from child” or “from their childhood” in this case. So 子供から携帯を持っている。(Kodomo kara keitai o motte iru.) means “People start having cell phones from childhood”. |
| Jessi: But it doesn’t have the meaning of “even children”, right? |
| Naomi: No. |
| Jessi: All right . Well, that’s all for this lesson and for this series. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: Thank you very much, everyone, for listening to this particle series. A lot of Japanese learners find particles tough, so we really hope you have found this set of lessons helpful for figuring them out! |
| Naomi: 聞いてくれてありがとうございました。(Kiite kurete arigatō gozaimashita.) Thanks for listening. コメント待っています。(Komento matte imasu.) We’ll be looking forward to your feedback. それでは。さようなら。(Soredewa. Sayōnara.) |
| Jessi: Bye, everyone! |
| DIALOGUE |
| 校長先生:この学校に 来てから1週間ですね。(Kono gakkō ni kite kara isshūkan desu ne.) |
| : どうですか。慣れましたか。(Dō desu ka. Naremashita ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:はい。(Hai.) |
| 校長先生:今日、７時から あなたの歓迎会を しますから、来てくださいね。(Kyō, shichi-ji kara anata no kangeikai o shimasu kara, kite kudasai ne.) |
| 佐藤けい子:ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| : 何時くらいまでですか。(Nan-ji kurai made desu ka.) |
| 校長先生:たぶん、７時から９時までだ と思いますよ。(Tabun, shichi-ji kara ku-ji made da to omoimasu yo.) |
| : 場所は、駅の前のバーイノベーティブです。(Basho wa, eki no mae no bā innovative desu.) |
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