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| INTRODUCTION |
| Jessi: Reviewing Your Choices Is Impossible without First Reviewing Japanese Particles No and To! |
| Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Jessi: Jessi here. In the last lesson, we reviewed the three particles へ (e), に (ni) and で (de). |
| Naomi: Right. For example, 私は一人で東京へ買い物に行きました。(Watashi wa hitori de Tōkyō e kaimono ni ikimashita.) |
| Jessi: Literally, “I / by myself / to Tokyo / for shopping / went.” Of course it means “I went to Tokyo to go shopping by myself.” |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: So what particles are we reviewing in this lesson? |
| Naomi: In this lesson, we’ll review the usage of particles の (no) and と (to). |
| Jessii: The dialogue is between a teacher and a student, right? |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。(Hai, sō desu.) Right. 佐藤けい子さんとかおるさんです。(Satō Keiko-san to Kaoru-san desu.) Keiko Sato and Kaoru. |
| Jessi: Where does this conversation take place? |
| Naomi: けい子さんの家。(Keiko-san no uchi.) |
| Jessi: At Keiko’s house. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: So Kaoru went over to Keiko’s place for dinner, and now she’s helping Keiko in the kitchen. So let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| かおる:先生、兄は後で来るといっていました。(Sensei, ani wa ato de kuru to itte imashita.) |
| 佐藤けい子:あらそう。(Ara sō.) |
| かおる:手伝いましょうか。(Tetsudaimashō ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:じゃ、その、青いの取って。(Ja, sono, aoi no totte.) |
| かおる:この青いお皿ですか？(Kono aoi o-sara desu ka?) |
| 佐藤けい子:そう。ありがとう。(Sō. Arigatō.) |
| : 細くなりたいのはわかるけど、食べないのはだめよ。(Hosoku naritai no wa wakaru kedo, tabenai no wa dame yo.) |
| かおる:はい。これからは運動しようと思います。(Hai. Kore kara wa undō shiyō to omoimasu.) |
| （ピンポーン）(pinpōn) |
| 鈴木広:はじめまして。かおるの兄の鈴木広と申します。(Hajimemashite. Kaoru no ani no Suzuki Hiroshi to mōshimasu.) |
| もう一度お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| かおる:先生、兄は後で来るといっていました。(Sensei, ani wa ato de kuru to itte imashita.) |
| 佐藤けい子:あらそう。(Ara sō.) |
| かおる:手伝いましょうか。(Tetsudaimashō ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:じゃ、その、青いの取って。(Ja, sono, aoi no totte.) |
| かおる:この青いお皿ですか？(Kono aoi o-sara desu ka?) |
| 佐藤けい子:そう。ありがとう。(Sō. Arigatō.) |
| : 細くなりたいのはわかるけど、食べないのはだめよ。(Hosoku naritai no wa wakaru kedo, tabenai no wa dame yo.) |
| かおる:はい。これからは運動しようと思います。(Hai. Kore kara wa undō shiyō to omoimasu.) |
| （ピンポーン）(pinpōn) |
| 鈴木広:はじめまして。かおるの兄の鈴木広と申します。(Hajimemashite. Kaoru no ani no Suzuki Hiroshi to mōshimasu.) |
| 今度は英語が入ります。Kondo wa Eigo ga hairimasu. |
| かおる:先生、兄は後で来るといっていました。(Sensei, ani wa ato de kuru to itte imashita.) |
| Jessi: Ms. Sato, my brother said he'd come by later. |
| 佐藤けい子:あらそう。(Ara sō.) |
| Jessi: Oh, okay. |
| かおる:手伝いましょうか。(Tetsudaimashō ka.) |
| Jessi: Can I help you with anything? |
| 佐藤けい子:じゃ、その、青いの取って。(Ja, sono, aoi no totte.) |
| Jessi: Oh, well, can you pass me that blue one? |
| かおる:この青いお皿ですか？(Kono aoi o-sara desu ka?) |
| Jessi: This blue plate? |
| 佐藤けい子:そう。ありがとう。(Sō. Arigatō.) |
| Jessi: Yes! Thanks. |
| : 細くなりたいのはわかるけど、食べないのはだめよ。(Hosoku naritai no wa wakaru kedo, tabenai no wa dame yo.) |
| Jessi: I understand you wanting to be thin, but not eating anything is not good! |
| かおる:はい。これからは運動しようと思います。(Hai. Kore kara wa undō shiyō to omoimasu.) |
| Jessi: Okay. From now on, I'll start exercising. |
| （ピンポーン）(pinpōn) |
| Jessi(ding-dong) |
| 鈴木広:はじめまして。かおるの兄の鈴木広と申します。(Hajimemashite. Kaoru no ani no Suzuki Hiroshi to mōshimasu.) |
| Jessi: Nice to meet you. I'm Kaoru's older brother, Hiroshi Suzuki. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jessi: This story continues from the previous episodes. If you remember, Kaoru went on an excessive diet that caused her to pass out. And then, Keiko invited Kaoru and her brother to dinner at her house. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) It sounds like Kaoru is going to start exercising instead of dieting, since she said これからは運動しようと思います。(Kore kara wa undō shiyō to omoimasu.) |
| Jessi: From now on I'll start exercising. Naomi-sensei, よく運動しますか。(Yoku undō shimasu ka.) |
| Naomi: うーん。そうですね。ジムに行きますね。(Ūn. Sō desu ne. Jimu ni ikimasu ne.) I go to the gym. |
| Jessi: Oh, do you? Like how often? |
| Naomi: えとね、一週間に二回・・・(E to ne, isshūkan ni ni-kai...) |
| Jessi: So twice a week. That’s really good, though! Very healthy. |
| Naomi: そう、でも本当は、一週間に三回行きたいです。(Sō, demo hontō wa, isshūkan ni san-kai ikitai desu.) |
| Jessi: Ah, so you’d like to go three times a week, if you could? It’s hard to find time, though, isn’t it? |
| Naomi: そうね。難しいですね。(Sō ne. Muzukashii desu ne.) |
| Jessi: I don’t go to the gym personally, but I go out walking as much as I can. |
| Naomi: あ、そうなんだ。散歩するんですね。(A, sō nan da. Sanpo suru n desu ne.) |
| Jessi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Naomi: あ、いいですね。(A, ii desu ne.) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Jessi: In this lesson, you'll review the usage of particles の (no) and と (to). |
| We’ll also introduce you the pronoun の (no), the nominalizer の (no) and the particle と (to) used for quotes. |
| Naomi: たくさんありますね。(Takusan arimasu ne.) That’s a lot. じゃがんばりましょう。(Ja ganbarimashō.) Let’s get started. |
| Jessi: OK. The first particle we’re going to review is の (no). |
| The particle no is used between two nouns to show that the first noun possesses the second noun. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) For example, これは、私のさいふです。(Kore wa, watashi no saifu desu.) “This is my wallet”. We learned this in Lesson 1. |
| Jessi: 私の (watashi no) is “my” or “mine.” 直美の (Naomi no) is “Naomi’s.” So the の (no) here is used to show possession. |
| In lesson 3, we learned that の (no) marks the category, origin, material, or attributes of the following noun. Let’s hear some examples of that. |
| Naomi: 日本の車が好きです。(Nihon no kuruma ga suki desu.) “I like Japanese cars.” 日本の車 (Nihon no kuruma) is “a Japanese car”. |
| Jessi So this の (no) marks the origin. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) And you can introduce yourself with your company’s name using の (no). |
| Jessi: Oh, how so? |
| Naomi: たとえば (tatoeba)、for example, JapanesePod101.comの直美です。(JapanesePod1010.com no Naomi desu.) ”I’m Naomi from JapanesePod101.com.” |
| Jessi: Oh, this one is really useful. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: So when you introduce yourself in a business setting you can say…[your company’s name] followed by の (no) and then your name. For example, if I were to introduce myself, I could say はじめまして。Innovative Language Learning のジェシーです。(Hajimemashite. Innovative Language Learning no Jeshī desu.) |
| “I’m Jessi from Innovative Language Learning.” |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。(Hai, sō desu.) Right. In lesson 4, we learned that の (no) is used to make a colloquial question. For example, どこに行くの？(Doko ni iku no?) |
| Jessi: “Where are you going?” |
| Naomi: 何をするの？(Nani o suru no?) |
| Jessi: “What are you going to do?” So please notice that の (no) is used after informal speech. |
| Naomi: Next, we’ll be looking at the usage of pronoun の (no). |
| Jessi: Right. の (no) can be used in place of a noun when it would sound repetitive to repeat it again. It corresponds to "one" in English, but, unlike "one", の (no) can not be used by itself. so let’s look at the sentence from the dialogue. Keiko said |
| Naomi: その、青いの取って。(Sono, aoi no totte.) ”Pass me the blue one.” |
| What she meant by 青いの (aoi no) is 青いお皿 (aoi o-sara) "blue plate". |
| Jessi: She thought that what she was talking about was clear from the situation, so she replaced the noun お皿 (o-sara) with の (no). |
| Naomi: Right. Imagine that you’re at a flower shop and you’re picking out tulips. |
| “Can I have a pink tulip and a yellow tulip?”, you would say… |
| Jessi: ピンクのと黄色いのをください。(Pinku no to kiiroi no o kudasai.) |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: OK. So next, we’re going to review the usage of の (no) as a nominalizer. |
| A nominalizer is a word that changes a verb or phrase into a noun. |
| When a verb in informal speech is followed by の (no), that verb changes into a noun. |
| Naomi: Hmmm, 難しいですね。(Muzukashii desu ne.) It sounds hard. OK.Let’s illustrate it with some examples. |
| 車を運転する (kuruma o unten suru) means “to drive a car” If you want to say, “driving a car is fun” that would be 車を運転するのは楽しい。(Kuruma o unten suru no wa tanoshii.) “Driving a car is fun.” |
| Jessi: So please notice that the verb 運転する (unten suru) is followed by の (no). Now let’s break down this sentence. |
| 車を運転する (kuruma o unten suru) / “to drive a car” の (no) / particle の (no) changing into a noun. So 車を運転する (kuruma o unten suru) becomes a noun, “driving a car”. は (wa) topic marker. So far we have “as for driving a car” and after that is 楽しい (tanoshii) “fun” ….So all together 車を運転するのは楽しい。(Kuruma o unten suru no wa tanoshii.) “As for driving a car, it’s fun.” Of course it means “Driving a car is fun.” |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) |
| Jessi: OK. Next, let’s review how to use と (to). |
| Naomi: We learned the usage of と (to) in Lesson 8. |
| Jessi: That’s right. The particle と (to) follows a noun and is the same as "and", "with", or "or" in English. Can we hear a sample sentence where と (to) means “and”? |
| Naomi: はい。私はフランス語と中国語を勉強している。(Hai. Watashi wa Furansu-go to Chūgoku-go o benkyō shite iru.) |
| Jessi: “I'm studying French and Chinese.” |
| Naomi: フランス語と中国語 (Furansu-go to Chūgoku-go) means “French AND Chinese.” |
| Jessi: How about the と (to) meaning “with”? |
| Naomi: 私は妻とフランス語を勉強している。(Watashi wa tsuma to Furansu-go o benkyō shite iru.) |
| Jessi: “I'm studying French with my wife.” |
| Naomi: 妻と (tsuma to) means “with my wife”. |
| Jessi: And how about the と meaning “or”…? |
| Naomi: OK. フランス語と中国語と どちらが むずかしいですか。(Furansu-go to Chūgoku-go to dochira ga muzukashii desu ka.) |
| Jessi: “Which is more difficult, French or Chinese?” |
| Naomi: フランス語と中国語と (Furansu-go to Chūgoku-go to) means “French or Chinese”. |
| Jessi: Lastly, we’d like to look at how と (to) is used with quotes. |
| Naomi: Basically, you add と (to) to the end of a quote. |
| I think some of you are already familiar with this と (to). When you introduce yourself formally, you add と申します (to mōshimasu) to your name, right? |
| Jessi: Right - 申す (mōsu) is "to humbly say" and is used when giving your name in a formal manner. So if your name were Peter Galante, you would say… |
| Naomi: ピーターギャランテと申します。(Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu.) ”My name is Peter Galante.” |
| Of course you can use this と (to) with other verbs too. |
| For example, [such and such] という (to iu) ”to say such-and-such…”, and [such and such] と思う (to omou) ”to think such-and-such ….” |
| Jessi: So… 助詞は難しいと思う。(Joshi wa muzukashii to omou.) Can we say that? |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Particles are difficult, right? |
| Jessi: Right. |
| Naomi: Definitely. |
| Jessi: In this lesson you reviewed how to use の (no) and と (to). |
| Let’s recap this lesson with a quiz. |
| I’ll read a sentence in English. Your job is to choose the best translation from the choices provided. Are you ready? Here’s the sentence. |
| “I’m Peter Galante from ABC Bank.” |
| Naomi: 1. ピーターギャランテのABC銀行と申します。(Pītā Gyarante no Ēbīshī ginkō to mōshimasu.) |
| 2. ABC銀行はピーターギャランテと申します。(Ēbīshī ginkō wa Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu.) |
| ３. ABC銀行のピーターギャランテと申します。(Ēbīshī ginkō no Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu.) |
| Jessi: And the answer is? |
| Naomi: ３. ABC銀行のピーターギャランテと申します。(Ēbīshī ginkō no Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu.) |
| Jessi: The の (no) as in ABC銀行の (Ēbīshī ginkō no) expresses attribution. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: と (to) as in ピーターギャランテと申します (Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu) indicates a quote. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Jessi: And in this case it’s used to introduce yourself formally. |
| Let’s look at other choices. Choice1 ピーターギャランテのABC銀行と申します。(Pītā Gyarante no Ēbīshī ginkō to mōshimasu.) This means “It’s Peter Galante’s ABC Bank.” So it’s kind of backwards! |
| How about choice 2? ABC銀行はピーターギャランテと申します。(Ēbīshī ginkō wa Pītā Gyarante to mōshimasu.) |
| Naomi: This means “ABC Bank is called Peter Galante.” |
| Jessi: It doesn’t match up with the English sentence at all. |
| Naomi: No. |
| Jessi: All right. Well, that’s all for this lesson. |
| Naomi: それじゃまた。(Soreja mata.) |
| Jessi: See you next time. |
| DIALOGUE |
| かおる:先生、兄は後で来るといっていました。(Sensei, ani wa ato de kuru to itte imashita.) |
| 佐藤けい子:あらそう。(Ara sō.) |
| かおる:手伝いましょうか。(Tetsudaimashō ka.) |
| 佐藤けい子:じゃ、その、青いの取って。(Ja, sono, aoi no totte.) |
| かおる:この青いお皿ですか？(Kono aoi o-sara desu ka?) |
| 佐藤けい子:そう。ありがとう。(Sō. Arigatō.) |
| : 細くなりたいのはわかるけど、食べないのはだめよ。(Hosoku naritai no wa wakaru kedo, tabenai no wa dame yo.) |
| かおる:はい。これからは運動しようと思います。(Hai. Kore kara wa undō shiyō to omoimasu.) |
| （ピンポーン）(pinpōn) |
| 鈴木広:はじめまして。かおるの兄の鈴木広と申します。(Hajimemashite. Kaoru no ani no Suzuki Hiroshi to mōshimasu.) |
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