Learn irregular verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Kat: Hi everyone, Kat here! |
| Naomi: こんにちは、みなさん！なおみです！(Kon’nichiwa, mina-san! Naomi desu!) |
| Kat: Do You Want to Come and Play Japanese Sports with Us? |
| Naomi: Kat-san, please tell us what we're going to learn in this lesson. |
| Kat: In this lesson you will learn how to make sentences and questions, using Class 3 verbs. |
| Naomi: This conversation takes place at school. |
| Kat: And it’s between Shiroyama and Kent. |
| Naomi: The speakers are friends of the same age, so they will be speaking informally. |
| Kat: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):おーっす！(Ōssu!) |
| ケント (Kento):あ・・・おはよ。(A... ohayo.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーす？(Ōsu?) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):あいさつだよ。あいさつ。おーっす。(Aisatsu da yo. Aisatsu. Ōssu.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーっす。(Ōssu.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):そうそう。うまいうまい。(Sō sō. Umai umai.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):なぁ、ケント。ケント、サッカーする？(Nā, Kento. Kento, sakkā suru?) |
| ケント (Kento):うん。するよ。(Un. Suru yo.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):今日の昼、サッカーするよ。来る？(Kyō no hiru, sakkā suru yo. Kuru?) |
| ケント (Kento):いいの？行く、行く！やったー。(Ii no? Iku, iku! Yattā.) |
| もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):おーっす！(Ōssu!) |
| ケント (Kento):あ・・・おはよ。(A... ohayo.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーす？(Ōsu?) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):あいさつだよ。あいさつ。おーっす。(Aisatsu da yo. Aisatsu. Ōssu.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーっす。(Ōssu.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):そうそう。うまいうまい。(Sō sō. Umai umai.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):なぁ、ケント。ケント、サッカーする？(Nā, Kento. Kento, sakkā suru?) |
| ケント (Kento):うん。するよ。(Un. Suru yo.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):今日の昼、サッカーするよ。来る？(Kyō no hiru, sakkā suru yo. Kuru?) |
| ケント (Kento):いいの？行く、行く！やったー。(Ii no? Iku, iku! Yattā.) |
| 今度は英語が入ります。(Kondo wa Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):おーっす！(Ōssu!) |
| Kat: O-su! |
| ケント (Kento):あ・・・おはよ。(A... ohayo.) |
| Kat: Uh... Morning. |
| ケント (Kento):おーす？(Ōsu?) |
| Kat: O-su? |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):あいさつだよ。あいさつ。おーっす。(Aisatsu da yo. Aisatsu. Ōssu.) |
| Kat: It's a greeting. A greeting! O-su! |
| ケント (Kento):おーっす。(Ōssu.) |
| Kat: O-su. |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):そうそう。うまいうまい。(Sō sō. Umai umai.) |
| Kat: That's it. You've got it! |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):なぁ、ケント。ケント、サッカーする？(Nā, Kento. Kento, sakkā suru?) |
| Kat: Hey, Kent, do you play soccer? |
| ケント (Kento):うん。するよ。(Un. Suru yo.) |
| Kat: Yeah, I do. |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):今日の昼、サッカーするよ。来る？(Kyō no hiru, sakkā suru yo. Kuru?) |
| Kat: I'm going to play soccer this afternoon. Do you want to come? |
| ケント (Kento):いいの？行く、行く！やったー。(Ii no? Iku, iku! Yattā.) |
| Kat: Really?? Yeah, I'll go!! Yay! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Kat: So, Kent learned a new あいさつ (aisatsu) today! A new greeting! |
| Naomi: おーっす！(Ōssu!) I personally never use this phrase, so I’m not sure I’m sounding it right or not. |
| Kat: I love to hear you say that. おーっす！(Ōssu!) |
| Naomi: As you can probably tell, it's a very informal greeting. Mostly used by guys. And there are other variations, such as like おっす (ossu) or おす (osu). へんだね...。(Hen da ne…) |
| Kat: It’s really funny, I love it, love it. It’s so cute. It sounds like, it's kind of like the equivalent of "hey" or "what's up?" in English. I don’t know what is exactly showed in Japanese, though, it’s kind of like, is it a really short form of like こんにちは (kon’nichiwa)’s こんにちみたいな (kon’nichi mitai na)? No? |
| Naomi: わかんない、何だろうね。おいっす、何だろうね。(Wakannai, nan darō ne. Oissu, nan darō ne.) |
| Kat: おいっす。(Oissu.) No one knows, we need some men in this room. |
| Naomi: Yes, but it's pretty slangy. |
| Kat: It's kind of nice though to hear a conversation between two young men, because you get to hear a very different style of Japanese, then you probably heard before, or even though Naomi and I speak, actually. So it's good for the male listeners, I think. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Like how Shiroyama-kun used なぁ (nā), when he said… なぁ、ケント。(Nā, Kento.) |
| Kat: Hey, Kent. |
| Naomi: Normally, you might use ねぇ (nee) when starting to say something to someone. But なぁ (nā) is more common for guys. |
| Kat: It's good to hear the little differences between girl speech and guy speech - as you study more and more Japanese, you'll start to notice a lot of the little differences and be able to use them by yourself. OK, so now let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Kat: The first word we are going to see is |
| Naomi: あいさつ (aisatsu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: greeting |
| Naomi: あいさつ (aisatsu) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: あいさつ (aisatsu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next. |
| Naomi: うまい (umai) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: good at, skilled at |
| Naomi: うまい (umai) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: うまい (umai) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next. |
| Naomi: サッカー (sakkā) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: soccer, football |
| Naomi: サッカー (sakkā) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: サッカー (sakkā) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next. |
| Naomi: する (suru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to do |
| Naomi: する (suru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: する (suru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And finally. |
| Naomi: 行く (iku) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to go |
| Naomi: 行く (iku) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 行く (iku) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Kat: OK, so now, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Naomi: The first word we will look at is うまい (umai). |
| Kat: "Good at”, “skilled." This word うまい (umai) should sound familiarity! We also had it as a vocab word in the last lesson, but with a different meaning. In the last lesson, we learned the other meaning, "delicious" or “yummy”. In dialogue for this lesson, it was used to mean "good at something." |
| Naomi: Right. When Kent copied Shiroyama-kun's greeting, Shiroyama-kun said… そうそう。うまいうまい。(Sō sō. Umai umai.) |
| Kat: "That's it. You've got it!" He was complimenting Kent. |
| Naomi: So if you see someone do something and they're really good at it, you can say that they're うまい (umai). |
| Kat: What's the next word? |
| Naomi: あいさつ (aisatsu) |
| Kat: "Greeting". Phrases like こんにちは (kon’nichiwa) and おはようございます (ohayō gozaimasu) are considered あいさつ (aisatsu). |
| Naomi: Shiroyama-kun's おーっす (ōssu) is considered as an あいさつ (aisatsu). |
| Kat: Maybe very thinly, yes. Right. When we say greeting in English though, it tends to sound like the only phrases you say when you first see someone... such as “good morning”, “good evening”, “good afternoon”, but phrases like おやすみなさい (oyasuminasai), good night, are also considered あいさつ (aisatsu), right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) That's right! They're set phrases that you use in certain situations. |
| Kat: If you learn the proper あいさつ (aisatsu) in Japanese, you'll leave a very good impression on people. And the last word is? |
| Naomi: サッカー (sakkā) |
| Kat: “Soccer”, or if you come from a British English speaking country, “football.” This one shouldn't be hard to remember. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Right, it's just the word taken from English pronounced with Japanese sounds. |
| Kat: You have to make sure you say it the Japanese way though, I actually call this talking in カタカナ (katakana) which is descript to use to write it, or else you won't be understood by Japanese people. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) サッカー (sakkā), Japanese doesn't put Rs at the end of the word, so it turns into a long アー (ā) sound, サッカー (sakkā). |
| Kat: A lot of sports names are actually loanwords taken from English, aren't they? |
| Naomi: うーん、そうね。(Ūn, sō ne.) So they should be easy to remember. |
| Kat: We introduce some names of sports in the Lesson Notes PDF, but let's go through them here too so we can hear how they sound. We'll give the Japanese word first. |
| Naomi: バスケットボール (basukettobōdu) |
| Kat: “Basketball.” |
| Naomi: テニス (tenisu) |
| Kat: “Tennis.” |
| Naomi: バレーボール (barēbōru) |
| Kat: “Volleyball.” |
| Kat: So although these words are taken from English, and you might think that would make it easier to say, I think it actually might make it even more difficult for English speakers. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) Right, saying them with Japanese pronunciation. |
| Kat: So make sure, you don’t slip back into English, when you are speaking in Japanese and suddenly say “soccer” instead of サッカー (sakkā), so if you play any sports, make sure you learn how to say them so you can talk about them in Japanese. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kat: In this lesson, you'll learn how to make sentences and questions using the verbs する (suru) and 来る (kuru). These two verbs are the only irregular verbs in the Japanese language, and so they belong to their own verb class, called Class 3 verbs. So let's introduce these two verbs. |
| Naomi: The first one is する (suru), and it means |
| Kat: "To do." |
| Naomi: The polite form is します (shimasu). The second one is 来る (kuru), and it means |
| Kat: "To come." |
| Naomi: The polite form is 来ます (kimasu). |
| Kat: These are very common verbs in Japanese, and so very important to know. Let's look at how the first one was used in the dialogue. |
| Naomi: Shiroyama-kun said… ケント、サッカーする？(Kento, sakkā suru?) |
| Kat: "Kent, do you play soccer?" |
| Naomi: Usually, the verb する (suru) comes after a noun. |
| Kat: Right, it comes after a noun and changes it into a verb. Here, the verb する (suru) comes after サッカー (sakkā), to create the phrase サッカーする (sakkā suru), which is literally to "do soccer". In natural English, we'd say "to play soccer" of course. |
| Naomi: This applies to the names of the sports we mentioned before. |
| Kat: That's right! For example.. |
| Naomi: バスケットボールする (basukettobōru suru) |
| Kat: would be, to play basketball. |
| Naomi: テニスする (tenisu suru) |
| Kat: would be to play tennis |
| Naomi: バレーボールする (barēbru suru) |
| Kat: would be to play volleyball… and so on. |
| Naomi: So [name of a sport] plus する (suru) means "to play [the sport]." |
| Kat: Going back to the dialogue, in response to the question, Kent said |
| Naomi: うん、するよ。(Un, suru yo.) |
| Kat: "Yeah, I do play soccer." So, Kent is talking about soccer, but he didn't need to say サッカー (sakkā). |
| Naomi: Oh, great point! Yes, Shiroyama-kun said… サッカーする？ (Sakkā suru?) |
| Kat: Do you play soccer? |
| Naomi: But Kent only responded with… するよ。(Suru yo.) Because the topic is already known. |
| Kat: In Japanese, leaving out information that is already known is the key. You'll really well sound so much more natural this way. |
| Naomi: So again, just saying するよ (suru yo) in this case means |
| Kat: "Yeah, I do play soccer." Now, let's look at the next line. We'll see both Class 3 verbs used here. |
| Naomi: Shiroyama-kun said… 今日の昼、サッカーするよ。来る？(Kyō no hiru, sakkā suru yo. Kuru?) |
| Kat: This is a pretty long sentence, so let's break it down. |
| Naomi: 今日の昼 (kyō no hiru) |
| Kat: Literally, today's afternoon, meaning this afternoon. |
| Naomi: サッカーするよ (sakkā suru yo) |
| Kat: サッカーする (sakkā suru), to play soccer. The particle よ (yo) at the end is for emphasis - you're telling the listener some new information they don't know. |
| Naomi: And lastly, 来る？(kuru?) |
| Kat: Verb meaning "to come". Here, it's a question, with a raising intonation. So it means "Do you wanna come?" |
| Naomi: 来る (kuru) is the second Class 3 verb along with する (suru). |
| Kat: Let's look at some more sample sentences that use 来る (kuru). |
| Naomi: 明日、学校に来る。(Ashita, gakkō ni kuru.) |
| Kat: "I'll come to school tomorrow." |
| Naomi: 明日 (ashita) is tomorrow, and 学校 (gakkō) is school. We usually put the particle に (ni) after the place we talk about coming to. 学校に (gakkō ni), to school. Actually the usage of particle に (ni) will be covered in lesson 22. |
| Kat: Don't worry overly about these grammatical rules right now. Because we will explain them later. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) So, once again. 明日、学校に来る。(Ashita, gakkō ni kuru.) |
| Kat: "I'll come to school tomorrow.” And how about one more sample sentence, please? |
| Naomi: 今日、うちに来る？(Kyō, uchi ni kuru?) |
| Kat: "Wanna come over to my house today?" Since Naomi-sensei said this sentence in a rising intonation, it's a question. Now, let's break it down. |
| Naomi: 今日 (kyō) |
| Kat: Today. |
| Naomi: うちに (uchi ni) |
| Kat: うち (uchi) is house, so to my house. |
| Naomi: 来る？(kuru?) |
| Kat: Want to come? |
| Naomi: So all together... 今日、うちに来る？ (Kyō, uchi ni kur?) |
| Kat: "Wanna come over to my house today?" There's actually one more thing I want to mention about this word. |
| Naomi: What's that? |
| Kat: Remember that the meaning is "come". There is a difference between "come" and "go" in Japanese, just like there is in English. |
| Naomi: Yeah, good point! |
| Kat: Shiroyama-kun asked Kent, 来る？(kuru?) And what did Kent say in response? |
| Naomi: 行く行く！(Iku iku!) |
| Kat: I'll go! |
| Naomi: 行く (iku) is the verb that means "to go". |
| Kat: You'll see a lot more of this verb later on in this series. |
| Naomi: We'll cover it more in the next lesson in fact. |
Outro |
| Kat: Okay, well that's all for this lesson! |
| Naomi: Thanks for listening, everyone!! |
| Kat: Don't forget to let us know if you have any questions. Until next time!! |
| Naomi: じゃあまた！(Jā mata!) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):おーっす！(Ōssu!) |
| ケント (Kento):あ・・・おはよ。(A... ohayo.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーす？(Ōssu?) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):あいさつだよ。あいさつ。おーっす。(Aisatsu da yo. Aisatsu. Ōssu.) |
| ケント (Kento):おーっす。(Ōssu.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):そうそう。うまいうまい。(Sō sō. Umai umai.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):なぁ、ケント。ケント、サッカーする？(Nā, Kento. Kento, sakkā suru?) |
| ケント (Kento):うん。するよ。(Un. Suru yo.) |
| 白山 (Shiroyama):今日の昼、サッカーするよ。来る？(Kyō no hiru, sakkā suru yo. Kuru?) |
| ケント (Kento):いいの？行く、行く！やったー。(Ii no? Iku, iku! Yattā.) |
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