Learn about telling existence for animated and inanimate objects
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Jessi: The Key to Getting it for FREE in Japan! |
| Naomi: なおみです。 (Naomi desu.) |
| Rebecca: Rebecca here. |
| Naomi: こんにちは、レベッカさん。元気ですか。 (Kon'nichiwa, Rebekka-san. Genki desu ka.) |
| Rebecca: 元気ですよ。なおみ先生は? (Genki desu yo. Naomi-sensei wa?) |
| Naomi: 私も元気ですよ。 (Watashi mo genki desu yo.) |
| Rebecca: よかったですね。 (Yokatta desu ne.) |
| Naomi: レベッカさん、今日のグラマーポイントは？ (Rebekka-san, kyō no guramāpointo wa?) |
| Rebecca: Today we are going to look at making excuses and inviting someone. |
| Naomi: 「〜があります」と「〜がいます」 (`〜 Ga arimasu' to `〜 ga imasu') |
| Rebecca: Okay, so who are the people in today’s conversation? |
| Naomi: 今日の会話はキムミヨンさんと西本秋さんです。 (Kyō no kaiwa wa kimumiyon-san to Nishimoto Aki-san desu.) Today’s conversation is between Kim Meon and Shu. |
| Rebecca: And where are they? どこですか。 (Doko desu ka.) |
| Naomi: えっと、会社です。 (Etto, kaisha desu.) They are in the office. |
| Rebecca: So we will be hearing polite Japanese? |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。 (Hai, sō desu.) |
| Rebecca: They are talking about a concert. Please listen and try and figure out whose concert it is and when the concert is on. |
| DIALOGUE |
| キム ミヨン: じゃ、お疲れさまです。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Ja, Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| 西本 秋: ミヨンちゃん。あ、あの、来週、ビヨンセのコンサートが あります。来週の金曜日の夜、暇ですか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Miyon-chan. A, ano, raishū, biyonse no konsāto ga arimasu. Raishū no kin'yōbi no yoru, himadesu ka.) |
| キム ミヨン: はい...でも、お金が ありません。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Hai... Demo, o-kane ga arimasen.) |
| 西本 秋: お金? あ、大丈夫です。無料のチケットが あります。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: o-kane? A, daijōbudesu. Muryō no chiketto ga arimasu.) |
| キム ミヨン: あ、でも、あのぉ…そうそう、用事が あります。 |
| (Mi Yeon: A, demo, ano ~o… sō sō, yōji ga arimasu.) |
| 西本 秋: 用事...ですか。...時間が...ありませんか。あ、あのぉ、ミヨンさん、 彼氏 いますか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Yōji...Desu ka... .-Jikan ga... Arimasen ka. A, ano ~o, miyon-san, kareshi imasu ka.) |
| Naomi: もう一度おねがいします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。 (Mōichido onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegaishimasu.) |
| キム ミヨン: じゃ、お疲れさまです。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Ja, Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| 西本 秋: ミヨンちゃん。あ、あの、来週、ビヨンセのコンサートが あります。来週の金曜日の夜、暇ですか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Miyon-chan. A, ano, raishū, biyonse no konsāto ga arimasu. Raishū no kin'yōbi no yoru, himadesu ka.) |
| キム ミヨン: はい...でも、お金が ありません。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Hai... Demo, o-kane ga arimasen.) |
| 西本 秋: お金? あ、大丈夫です。無料のチケットが あります。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: o-kane? A, daijōbudesu. Muryō no chiketto ga arimasu.) |
| キム ミヨン: あ、でも、あのぉ…そうそう、用事が あります。 |
| (Mi Yeon: A, demo, ano ~o… sō sō, yōji ga arimasu.) |
| 西本 秋: 用事...ですか。...時間が...ありませんか。あ、あのぉ、ミヨンさん、 彼氏 いますか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Yōji...Desu ka... .-Jikan ga... Arimasen ka. A, ano ~o, miyon-san, kareshi imasu ka.) |
| Naomi: 今度は英語が入ります。 (Kondo wa eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| キム ミヨン: じゃ、お疲れさまです。 |
| Mi Yeon: Ja, Otsukare-sama desu. |
| Mi Yeon: Well, good night! |
| 西本 秋: ミヨンちゃん。あ、あの、来週、ビヨンセのコンサートが あります。来週の金曜日の夜、暇ですか。 |
| Nishimoto Shū: Miyon-chan. A, ano, raishū, biyonse no konsāto ga arimasu. Raishū no kin'yōbi no yoru, himadesu ka. |
| Nishimoto Shū: Mi Yeon-chan. Um, next week there’s a Beyoncé concert. Friday night next week are you free? |
| キム ミヨン: はい...でも、お金が ありません。 |
| Mi Yeon: Hai... Demo, o-kane ga arimasen. |
| Mi Yeon: Yes, but I don’t have any money. |
| 西本 秋: お金? あ、大丈夫です。無料のチケットが あります。 |
| Nishimoto Shū: o-kane? A, daijōbudesu. Muryō no chiketto ga arimasu. |
| Nishimoto Shū: Money? Oh don’t worry about that. I have free tickets. |
| キム ミヨン: あ、でも、あのぉ…そうそう、用事が あります。 |
| Mi Yeon: A, demo, ano ~o… sō sō, yōji ga arimasu. |
| Mi Yeon: Um, but… well… oh, that’s right! Actually, I have something I have to do. |
| 西本 秋: 用事...ですか。...時間が...ありませんか。あ、あのぉ、ミヨンさん、 彼氏 いますか。 |
| Nishimoto Shū: Yōji...Desu ka... .-Jikan ga... Arimasen ka. A, ano ~o, miyon-san, kareshi imasu ka. |
| Nishimoto Shū: Something you have to… do? You don’t have time? Oh, ummm, do you have a boyfriend? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Rebecca: So Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Rebecca: コンサートはいつですか。 (Konsāto wa itsudesu ka.) When is the concert? |
| Naomi:来週の金曜日の夜です。 (Raishū no kin'yōbi no yorudesu.) Next Friday night. |
| Rebecca: だれのコンサートですか。 (Dare no konsātodesu ka.) Whose concert is it? |
| Naomi: ビヨンセのコンサートです。ビヨンセはアメリカ人ですよね。 (Biyonse no konsātodesu. Biyonse wa amerikahitodesu yo ne.) |
| Rebecca: Beyonce is American. Yes, that’s right. |
| Naomi: And, I think in Nihongo Dojo Lesson 21,レッスンの21 (Ressun no 21), Kim Meon said アール アンド ビーを ききます (Āru Ando bī o kikimasu). So that’s why Shu is mentioning ビヨンセのコンサート (Biyonse no konsāto). |
| Rebecca: Because he knows she is already interested in R&B. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Rebecca: なおみ先生、どんな音楽をききますか。 (Naomi sensei, don'na ongaku o kikimasu ka.) |
| Naomi: 私はポップをよくききます。レベッカさんは？ (Watashi wa poppu o yoku kikimasu. Rebekka-san wa?) |
| Rebecca: I listen to.. yeah, what do I listen to? 何ですかね。 (Nanidesu ka ne.) I listen to many types of music. |
| Naomi: あー、なるほどね。アール アンド ビーもききますか。 (A ̄ , naruhodo ne. Āru Ando bī mo kikimasu ka.) |
| Rebecca: アール アンド ビーはききませんね。 (Āru Ando bī wa kikimasen ne.) But I never listen to R&B. |
| Naomi: オーストリアの音楽をききますか。 (Ōsutoria no ongaku o kikimasu ka.) |
| Rebecca: そうですね。まあ、たとえば (Sō desu ne. Mā, tatoeba), Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. I think actually Nick Cave is American. I think Nick Cave is American-jin but if there are any Nick Cave fans out there, let me know. Is he Australian or is he American? |
| Naomi: Uh, 教えて下さい。ニック・ケイヴのファンの人たち、お願いします (oshiete kudasai. Nikku keivu no fan no hito-tachi, onegaishimasu). |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Rebecca: Okay so let’s get into today’s vocabulary. |
| Naomi: お疲れさま (otsukaresama) |
| Rebecca: Thank you. That’s enough for today. It’s a workplace greeting. |
| Naomi: (slow) おつかれさま (otsukare-sama) (natural speed) お疲れさま (otsukaresama) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Tsu staying high. |
| Naomi: お疲れさま (otsukaresama) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: ビヨンセ (biyonse) |
| Rebecca: Beyonce. |
| Naomi: I am not sure about the pronunciation though because it’s not on the dictionary. |
| Rebecca: Okay so we think starting low, rising on the second syllable Yo falling on the second to last syllable N and staying low. |
| Naomi: ビヨンセ (Biyonse) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: コンサート (konsāto) |
| Rebecca: Concert. |
| Naomi: (slow) コンサート (konsāto) (natural speed) コンサート (Konsāto) |
| Rebecca: Starting high, falling on the second syllable un staying low. |
| Naomi: コンサート (konsāto) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: あります (arimasu) |
| Rebecca: To be, to exist, to have. To be located, masu-form. |
| Naomi: (slow) あります (arimasu) (natural speed) あります (arimasu) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Ri, falling on the last syllable Su. |
| Naomi: あります (arimasu) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: お金 (o-kane) |
| Rebecca: Money. |
| Naomi: (slow)おかね (o ka ne) (natural speed) お金 (o-kane) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable K, staying high. |
| Naomi:お金 (o-kane) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 無料 (muryō) |
| Rebecca: Free. No charge. |
| Naomi: (slow) むりょう (muryo u) (natural speed) 無料 (muryō) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Ri, staying high. |
| Naomi: 無料 (muryō) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: チケット (chiketto) |
| Rebecca: Ticket. |
| Naomi: (slow) チケット (chiketto) (natural speed) チケット (chiketto) |
| Rebecca: Starting high, falling on the second syllable Ke staying low. |
| Naomi: チケット (chiketto) |
| Rebecca: There is another pronunciation. |
| Naomi: チケット (chiketto) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Ke, falling on the last syllable To. |
| Naomi: チケット (chiketto) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 用事 (yōji) |
| Rebecca: Tasks, Things to do. |
| Naomi: (slow) ようじ (yōji) (natural speed) 用事 (yōji) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable U, staying high. |
| Naomi: 用事 (yōji) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 時間 (jikan) |
| Rebecca: Time. |
| Naomi: (slow) じかん (ji ka n) (natural speed)時間 (jikan) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Ka staying high. |
| Naomi: 時間 (jikan) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) |
| Rebecca: Boyfriend. |
| Naomi: (slow) かれし (kareshi) (natural speed)彼氏 (kareshi) |
| Rebecca: Starting high, falling on the second syllable Re, staying low. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) |
| Rebecca: There is another pronunciation. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Re, staying high. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) |
| Rebecca: Next. |
| Naomi: います (imasu) |
| Rebecca: To be used of animal objects, to exist. Masu-form. |
| Naomi: (slow) います (imasu) (natural speed) います (imasu) |
| Rebecca: Starting low, rising on the second syllable Ma and falling on the last syllable Su. |
| Naomi: います (imasu) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Rebecca: Let’s have a look at the use of some of the words from today’s lesson. The first word we are going to look at is.. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) or 彼氏 (kareshi). |
| Rebecca: Meaning boyfriend. Naomi Sensei, what’s the word for girlfriend? |
| Naomi: 彼女 (kanojo) or 彼女 (kanojo). |
| Rebecca: Kanojo. Okay so, can you give us a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: 彼氏と映画へ行きます。 (Kareshi to eiga e ikimasu.) |
| Rebecca: I am going to a movie with my boyfriend. |
| Naomi: Or 彼氏と映画へ行きます。 (Kareshi to eiga e ikimasu.) |
| Rebecca: I am going to a movie with my boyfriend. |
| Naomi: そうです。 (Sō desu.) If you want to say, I am going to a movie with my girlfriend, 彼女と映画へ行きます (Kanojo to eiga e ikimasu) or 彼女と映画へ行きます (kanojo to eiga e ikimasu). |
| Rebecca: I am going to a movie with my girlfriend. Next, we are going to look at another item from the conversation. It’s something very important. If you ever come to Japan, especially if you ever get a job in Japan, it’s a phrase you are going to hear quite a lot. |
| Naomi: お疲れさまです。 (Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| Rebecca: お疲れさまです。 (Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| Naomi: そうですね。使いますね。 (Sō desu ne. Tsukaimasu ne.) We use it very often. |
| Rebecca: The literal meaning is “You must be tired.” This phrase is used to show your appreciation for someone’s hard work or their effort or the trouble that they have gone through. In the office, people use this phrase when they are going home. |
| Naomi: Or instead of just saying hi. |
| Rebecca: Alright. So can you use it when you come in in the morning? |
| Naomi: If someone is already working. |
| Rebecca: Oh I see. |
| Naomi: お疲れさまです。 (Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| Rebecca: I see, I see yeah okay. |
| Naomi: Between friends, you can drop desu, and お疲れさま (otsukare-sama) |
| Rebecca: お疲れさま。 (Otsukare-sama.) Yeah it’s one of those words that we just don’t have in English. |
| Naomi: あ、そうですよね。 (A, sō desu yo ne.) So you can’t translate it into English? |
| Rebecca: No, I guess you just say hi or… |
| Naomi: Bye. |
| Rebecca: See you tomorrow yeah bye or see you tomorrow or something like that. It depends on the situation. |
| Naomi: Okay and some guys say お疲れ (Otsukare). |
| Rebecca: It’s like a man’s word. |
| Naomi: Yeah right. It’s okay for girls to use it but sounds bit rough, bit... |
| Rebecca: Butch? |
| Naomi: Yeah. |
| Rebecca: Yeah we come across that, don’t we? Women’s language and men’s language in Japanese? |
| Naomi: そうね。 (sō ne.) |
| Rebecca: We will probably do a bit more on that in future but for today, just remember お疲れさま (otsukare-sama) or |
| Naomi: お疲れ。 (Otsukare.) |
| Rebecca: お疲れ。 (Otsukare.) |
| Naomi: Have you met Yuki, the engineer? |
| Rebecca: I don’t know. I might have done. |
| Naomi: Oh okay. So he often says おっつー (ottsu) instead of お疲れ (otsukare). |
| Rebecca: Oh I see. I remember that. |
| Naomi: おっつー (Ottsu ) sounds a bit weird to me but some people use it. |
| Rebecca: We better not get off track but I have heard people say us for おっす (ossu) for おはようございます (ohayō gozaimasu). Boys at my school sometimes say that. |
| Naomi: ああ！ (Ā!) Ossu is I think that’s a karate term. I am not sure. おっす (ossu) is like greeting between men. |
| Rebecca: I was assuming they were abbreviating, おはようございます。おっす！(Ohayō gozaimasu. Ossu!) |
| Naomi: I think that’s karate. So for people doing Karate, おっす (ossu) could be anything, おっす (ossu) could be yes or no or I am listening. I say hi, bye, おっす！ |
| Rebecca: なるほど。 (Naruhodo.) Let’s have a more thorough look at the grammar used in this lesson. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Rebecca: What’s today’s target sentence? |
| Naomi: 来週、コンサートがあります。 (Raishū, konsāto ga arimasu.) |
| Rebecca: There is a concert next week. |
| Naomi: There is another sentence, 彼氏がいます。 (Kareshi ga imasu.) |
| Rebecca: I have a boyfriend. |
| Naomi: Today’s grammar point is “~arimasu” and “~imasu.” |
| Rebecca: Both of them are verbs expressing to be or to exist to be located or to have. So an important thing to remember about the difference between Arimasu and Imasu is that it’s a difference between animate and inanimate things. Arimasu is used for inanimate things, things that don’t move, and Imasu is used for things that do move. |
| Naomi: So でも (demo), how about tree? |
| Rebecca: Yeah so a tree or a plant is what, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: Arimasu. |
| Rebecca: Arimasu. And a person is? |
| Naomi: Imasu. |
| Rebecca: And a building is? |
| Naomi: Arimasu. |
| Rebecca: I see okay. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sō desu ne.) Robot. |
| Rebecca: The robot. Arimasu? |
| Naomi: Imasu. |
| Rebecca: Imasu !? |
| Naomi: たぶん (Tabun) depends on if the switch is on Imasu and if the switch is off, Arimasu. |
| Rebecca: おもしろいですね。 (Omoshiroi desu ne.) So let’s look at some example sentences using Arimasu. |
| Naomi: お金が あります。 (o-kane ga arimasu.) |
| Rebecca: I have money. |
| Naomi: Or there is some money like on the chair, on the desk, here, there. |
| Rebecca: The money is existing. Yeah literally. Can you give us another one? |
| Naomi: 時間 が あります。 (Jikan ga arimasu.) |
| Rebecca: “I have time.” The negative form of Arimasu is arimasen. |
| Naomi: そうですね。お金がありません。 (Sō desu ne. o-kane ga arimasen.) |
| Rebecca: I haven’t got any money. |
| Naomi: I have no money っていう感じかな。 (Tte iu kanji ka na.) |
| Rebecca: Yes. |
| Naomi: 時間がありません。 (Jikan ga arimasen.) |
| Rebecca: I have no time. I haven’t got time. Let’s look at Imasu. |
| Naomi: ファブリツリオがいます。 (Faburitsurio ga imasu.) |
| Rebecca: Fabrizio is… |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sō desu ne.) Existing. |
| Rebecca: It’s kind of philosophical right? |
| Naomi: そうね。あ、じゃあ、(Sō ne. A, jā,) how about ghost? がいます。 (Ga imasu.) |
| Rebecca: “There is a ghost.”? |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sō desu ne.) The ghost can move, right? So it’s animate. |
| Rebecca: It’s animate even though it’s not really living or maybe it is living. What about a dead body? |
| Naomi: Dead body. Dead bodyがあります (ga arimasu). Because they usually can’t move by itself. |
| Rebecca: Okay. Yeah of course, of course. |
| Naomi: But, dead people, Imasu. すごいトリッキーね。 (Sugoi torikkī ne.) |
| Rebecca: Yeah, I see okay. Well let’s move on to slightly easier territory. What about 彼氏 (kareshi)? |
| Naomi: います。 (Imasu.) |
| Rebecca: 彼氏がいます。 (Kareshi ga imasu.) |
| Naomi: 彼女がいます。 (Kanojo ga imasu.) |
| Rebecca: I have a girlfriend. |
| Naomi: レベッカさんがいます。 (Rebekka-san ga imasu.) Rebecca is existing in this studio. |
| Rebecca: I am here, here. |
| Naomi: そうです。 (Sō desu.) |
| Rebecca: The negative form of Imasu is Imasen. |
| Naomi: 彼氏がいません。 (Kareshi ga imasen.) |
| Rebecca: I haven’t got a boyfriend. |
| Naomi: 彼女がいません。 (Kanojo ga imasen.) |
| Rebecca: I haven’t got a girlfriend. |
| Naomi: ファブリツリオがいません。 (Faburitsurio ga imasen.) |
| Rebecca: Fabrizio is not here. So instead of Imasen, we can use... |
| Naomi: ないです。 (Nai desu.) Nai desu and inai desu sound very casual. |
| Rebecca: I see. So if you are trying to be polite, you would use imasen. |
| Naomi: And arimasen. |
| Rebecca: Arimasen. So you could say if you are being casual, you could say 彼氏がいないです (kareshi ga iNai desu). |
| Naomi: お金がないです。 (O-kane ga nai desu.) |
| Rebecca: I have no money. |
| Naomi: お金をください。 (O-kane o kudasai.) |
| Rebecca: Give us money. |
Outro |
| Rebecca: Well, thank you for listening. |
| Naomi: ありがとうございます。 (Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Rebecca: お疲れさまです。 (Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| Naomi: お疲れさまです。 (Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| DIALOGUE |
| キム ミヨン: じゃ、お疲れさまです。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Ja, Otsukare-sama desu.) |
| 西本 秋: ミヨンちゃん。あ、あの、来週、ビヨンセのコンサートが あります。来週の金曜日の夜、暇ですか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Miyon-chan. A, ano, raishū, biyonse no konsāto ga arimasu. Raishū no kin'yōbi no yoru, himadesu ka.) |
| キム ミヨン: はい...でも、お金が ありません。 |
| (Mi Yeon: Hai... Demo, o-kane ga arimasen.) |
| 西本 秋: お金? あ、大丈夫です。無料のチケットが あります。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: o-kane? A, daijōbudesu. Muryō no chiketto ga arimasu.) |
| キム ミヨン: あ、でも、あのぉ…そうそう、用事が あります。 |
| (Mi Yeon: A, demo, ano ~o… sō sō, yōji ga arimasu.) |
| 西本 秋: 用事...ですか。...時間が...ありませんか。あ、あのぉ、ミヨンさん、 彼氏 いますか。 |
| (Nishimoto Shū: Yōji...Desu ka... .-Jikan ga... Arimasen ka. A, ano ~o, miyon-san, kareshi imasu ka.) |
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