Learn about verbs with time expressions, polite negative form of verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Jessi: You Are Going, Going, Gone in Japan! |
| Naomi: ナオミです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Naomi-sensei, |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: We are almost at the end of our series. |
| Naomi: そうですね。あと２回ですね。(Sō desu ne. Ato ni-kai desu ne.) Only two lessons. |
| Peter: Including this one. |
| Naomi: Yeah. |
| Peter: So let’s just review what happened last time and then we will take a look at today’s lesson. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) Fabrizio and Fuyuka went salsa dancing. So – and Fabrizio said, he is going to 友達のバー (tomodachi no bā). |
| Peter: A friend’s bar. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) And he is at the Roppongi station now. |
| Peter: All right. Seems like he is in for a long night. |
| Naomi: そうですね。元気ですね。(Sō desu ne. Genki desu ne.) |
| Peter: So for those who don’t know Roppongi is kind of synonymous with all night partying. |
| Naomi: The part of Tokyo that never sleeps. |
| Peter: And there are many foreigners there. So lots of clubs, lots of bars, lots to do in Roppongi but it’s a little 激しい (hageshii). |
| Naomi: 私は全然六本木へ行きません。(Watashi wa zenzen Roppongi e ikimasen.) |
| Peter: So it’s a bit extreme. So Naomi-sensei doesn’t go not at all. |
| Naomi: Not at all. I don’t like Roppongi very much. |
| Peter: Well there goes our chance of any sponsorship from Roppongi. Thank you. ありがとうございます。(Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: さすがナオミ先生。(Sasuga Naomi-sensei.) As can be expected from Naomi-sensei. All right Naomi-sensei, let’s get down to what you do. What are we talking about today? |
| Naomi: 今日は、電車。(Kyō wa, densha.) |
| Peter: Today we are talking about trains. |
| Naomi: We are going to introduce some vocabulary and phrases which will come in handy at the train station. |
| Peter: Okay, and as we mentioned in the last lesson, Fuyuka and Fabrizio went to a salsa bar. So today’s conversation is between a passenger and a station clerk. |
| Naomi: そう、お客さんと駅員さん。(Sō, o-kyaku-san to ekiin-san.) |
| Peter: So polite Japanese will be used today. The conversation as we mentioned will take place at Roppongi station. |
| Naomi: そう、六本木の駅。(Sō, Roppongi no eki.) |
| Peter: So let’s find out what happens. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : すみません。これは 新宿へ 行きますか。(Sumimasen. Kore wa Shinjuku e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : 行きません。これは 回送電車です。(Ikimasen. Kore wa kaisō densha desu.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : 回送電車？！回送電車は どこへ 行きますか。(Kaisō densha?! Kaisō densha wa doko e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : え？回送電車は... 車庫へ 行きます。わかりますか。(E? Kaisō densha wa... shako e ikimasu. Wakarimasu ka.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : はいはい、わかります。じゃ、次の 電車は 何時に 来ますか。(Hai hai, wakarimasu. Ja, tsugi no densha wa nan-ji ni kimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : １２時２５分に 来ます。終電です。(Jū ni-ji ni-jū go-fun ni kimasu. Shūden desu.) |
| もう一度お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : すみません。これは 新宿へ 行きますか。(Sumimasen. Kore wa Shinjuku e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : 行きません。これは 回送電車です。(Ikimasen. Kore wa kaisō densha desu.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : 回送電車？！回送電車は どこへ 行きますか。(Kaisō densha?! Kaisō densha wa doko e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : え？回送電車は... 車庫へ 行きます。わかりますか。(E? Kaisō densha wa... shako e ikimasu. Wakarimasu ka.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : はいはい、わかります。じゃ、次の 電車は 何時に 来ますか。(Hai hai, wakarimasu. Ja, tsugi no densha wa nan-ji ni kimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : １２時２５分に 来ます。終電です。(Jū ni-ji ni-jū go-fun ni kimasu. Shūden desu.) |
| 次は、英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : すみません。これは 新宿へ 行きますか。(Sumimasen. Kore wa Shinjuku e ikimasu ka.) |
| FABRIZIO: Excuse me. Does this go to Shinjuku? |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : 行きません。これは 回送電車です。(Ikimasen. Kore wa kaisō densha desu.) |
| STATION ATTENDANT: No, it doesn't. It's out-of service. |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : 回送電車？！回送電車は どこへ 行きますか。(Kaisō densha?! Kaisō densha wa doko e ikimasu ka.) |
| FABRIZIO: Out-of service? Where does this out-of-service train go? |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : え？回送電車は... 車庫へ 行きます。わかりますか。(E? Kaisō densha wa... shako e ikimasu. Wakarimasu ka.) |
| STATION ATTENDANT: What?... Out-of-service trains go to a train depot. Can you understand me? |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : はいはい、わかります。じゃ、次の 電車は 何時に 来ますか。(Hai hai, wakarimasu. Ja, tsugi no densha wa nan-ji ni kimasu ka.) |
| FABRIZIO: Yes. Yes. I know what you mean. What time does the next train come then? |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : １２時２５分に 来ます。終電です。(Jū ni-ji ni-jū go-fun ni kimasu. Shūden desu.) |
| STATION ATTENDANT: It comes at 12:25. That's the last train. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: So Naomi-sensei, what did you think about today’s lesson? |
| Naomi: 終電。(Shūden.) You can see many weird people on the 終電 (shūden). |
| Peter: You know, Naomi-sensei… |
| Naomi: はい？(Hai?) |
| Peter: You have to be on it to realize that which means you are on it. |
| Naomi: どういう意味ですか。(Dō iu imi desu ka.) Okay, what are you trying to say? What is inferred? |
| Peter: That catching the last train in Tokyo can be quite an experience. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) I don’t catch the last train very often but I bet Peter-san catches last train every day, right? |
| Peter: Yes. I usually catch the last train and I must admit it is quite an experience. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: Much like the rest of the week. 月曜日はまあまあですね。(Getsu-yōbi wa māmā desu ne.) Like 月曜日 (getsu-yōbi) is okay. Then 少しずつ (sukoshizutsu), little by little. |
| Naomi: Wilder and wilder. |
| Peter: And Friday is every man for themself. |
| Naomi: 金曜日の夜は (Kin-yōbi no yoru wa) |
| Peter: 大変ですね。(taihen desu ne.) |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: One of the lines we take, they have to push us into the train. |
| Naomi: そうね。(Sō ne.) |
| Peter: And difference between the morning and the night is what is that expression, 雲泥の差があります (undei no sa ga arimasu). |
| Naomi: 雲泥の差 (undei no sa), very different. |
| Peter: Night and day different. So yeah, and that expression is actually 雲泥 (undei) and meaning cloud and earth difference like the difference between the two. So yeah, there is a big difference between the morning and night but everyone should experience it once. |
| Naomi: あの...。(Ano…) If you want to see Peter-san, please take 終電 (shūden) or Peter-san like people. |
| Peter: ピーターらしい (Pītā rashii) people. |
| Naomi: そうそう、そうそう。(Sō sō, sō sō.) |
| Peter: People like Peter. |
| Naomi: 嘘です。冗談です。(Uso desu. Jōdan desu.) Just kidding. |
| Peter: Thank you. Okay, on to vocab. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Naomi: 駅員 (ekiin) |
| Peter: Station attendant. |
| Naomi: (slow) えきいん (ekiin) (natural speed) 駅員 (ekiin) |
| Peter: Rising on the second syllable き (ki), falling on the third syllable い (i). |
| Naomi: 駅員 (ekiin) |
| Peter: There is also a second pronunciation. Rising on the second syllable and staying high. |
| Naomi: 駅員 (ekiin) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 新宿 (Shinjuku) |
| Peter: Shinjuku, shopping, business district in Tokyo. |
| Naomi: (slow) しんじゅく (Shinjuku) (natural speed) 新宿 (Shinjuku) |
| Peter: Rising on the second tone ん (n) and staying high. |
| Naomi: 新宿 (Shinjuku) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 終電 (shūden) |
| Peter: Last train. |
| Naomi: (slow) しゅうでん (shūden) (natural speed) 終電 (shūden) |
| Peter: Rising on the second syllable う (u) and staying high. |
| Naomi: 終電 (shūden) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 来ます (kimasu) |
| Peter: To come in the non-past polite. |
| Naomi: (slow) きます (kimasu) (natural speed) 来ます (kimasu) |
| Peter: Rising on the second syllable ま (ma), falling on the last syllable す (su). |
| Naomi: 来ます。来ますというふうに、「う」を強く言わない方がいいと思います。(Kimasu. Kimasu to iu fū ni, “u” o tsuyoku iwanai hō ga ii to omoimasu.) |
| Peter: So don’t hit the う (u) in the last syllable of す(su). Next. |
| Naomi: わかります (wakarimasu) |
| Peter: To understand, non-past polite. |
| Naomi: (slow) わかります (wakarimasu) (natural speed) わかります (wakarimasu) |
| Peter: Rising on the second syllable か (ka), falling on the last syllable す (su). |
| Naomi: わかります (wakarimasu) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 車庫 (shako) |
| Peter: Garage, train depot, car shed. |
| Naomi: (slow) しゃこ (shako) (natural speed) 車庫 (shako) |
| Peter: Starts high, falls. |
| Naomi: 車庫 (shako) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: どこ (doko) |
| Peter: Where. |
| Naomi: (slow) どこ (doko) (natural speed) どこ (doko) |
| Peter: Starts high, falls. |
| Naomi: どこ (doko) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 回送電車 (kaisō densha) |
| Peter: Out of service train, train returning back to the train depot. |
| Naomi: (slow) かいそうでんしゃ (kaisō densha) (natural speed) 回送電車 (kaisō densha) |
| Peter: Rising on the second syllable い (i), falling on the second to last syllable ん (n). |
| Naomi: 回送電車 (kaisō densha) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 行きます (ikimasu) |
| Peter: To go. Non-past polite. |
| Naomi: (slow) いきます (ikimasu) (natural speed) 行きます (ikimasu) |
| Peter: Now I just want to point out the final す (su). We had several verbs in there. We had 来ます (kimasu), わかります (wakarimasu), 行きます (ikimasu). |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: Now as you mentioned in there, in the final す (su) isn’t enunciated. |
| Naomi: No yeah. |
| Peter: Very slightly. |
| Naomi: すじゃなくて、す。(Su ja nakute, su.) |
| Peter: Yeah. This also holds true for the non past polite of the copula です (desu). So you don’t enunciate the う (u) in the final す (su). |
| Naomi: そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| Peter: です (desu) |
| Naomi: です (desu) |
| Peter: Not です (desu), です (desu). 行きます (ikimasu) |
| Naomi: Not 行きます (ikimasu), 行きます (ikimasu). |
| Peter: Let’s take a closer look at a few of these words. Naomi-sensei, what’s the first word we have? |
| Naomi: 終電 (shūden) |
| Peter: The last train. Now this is a contracted form of |
| Naomi: 最終電車 (saishū densha) |
| Peter: The first word being |
| Naomi: 最終 (saishū) |
| Peter: And meaning last. |
| Naomi: 電車 (densha) |
| Peter: Meaning train. So these two words, the first word |
| Naomi: 最終 (saishū) |
| Peter: Last, second word. |
| Naomi: 電車 (densha) |
| Peter: Last train. Now we contract this into |
| Naomi: 終電 (shūden) |
| Peter: Which means final electricity. |
| Naomi: そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| Peter: It’s kind of right though the last electricity propelling the train. |
| Naomi: うん。(Un.) |
| Peter: Right? |
| Naomi: And we also say 終バス (shūbasu). |
| Peter: Last bus. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: 終バス (shūbasu) |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: Hah, that I didn’t know. |
| Naomi: あ、そうですか。(A, sō desu ga.) |
| Peter: Ah… |
| Naomi: You don’t usually use bus. |
| Peter: Yeah, sometimes but yeah 終バス (shūbasu). I always thought it was like 最後のバス (saigo no basu). |
| Naomi: Some people say 最後のバス (saigo no basu), but some people say 終バス (shūbasu). |
| Peter: 終バス (shūbasu) |
| Naomi: ちょっとね。面白い表現ですね。(Chotto ne. Omoshiroi hyōgen desu ne.) |
| Peter: Very. Okay, can you give us an example sentence? |
| Naomi: 終電は何時ですか。(Shūden wa nan-ji desu ka.) |
| Peter: What time is the last train? How about one more? |
| Naomi: これは終電ですか。(Kore wa shūden desu ka.) |
| Peter: Is this the last train? Okay, let’s take a look at another word. What do we have next, Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: わかります。(Wakarimasu.) |
| Peter: To understand. Again in the non-past polite. Now if you were to look up this word in the dictionary, わかります (wakarimasu) would it show up? What would be there in the dictionary? |
| Naomi: わかる (wakaru) |
| Peter: The dictionary form also the plain non-past. So in the dictionary, this would be わかる (wakaru). |
| Naomi: The negative form of わかります (wakarimasu) is わかりません (wakarimasen). |
| Peter: I don’t understand. |
| Naomi: Just take off ます (masu) and add ません (masen) instead. |
| Peter: That easy. |
| Naomi: So. わかりますか。(Wakarimasu ka.) |
| Peter: Do you understand? |
| Naomi: わかりません。(Wakarimasen.) |
| Peter: I don’t understand. |
| Naomi: If you put 全然 (zenzen) in front. 全然わかりません。(Zenzen wakarimasen.) |
| Peter: I don’t understand at all. How do we use the object using わかりません (wakarimasen)? Would it be を (o) or が (ga). For example, ナオミ先生が全然わかりません。(Naomi-sensei ga zenzen wakarimasen.) |
| Naomi: You don’t understand me at all? |
| Peter: Yes. |
| Naomi: Am I that unpredictable? |
| Peter: はい、そうです。(Hai, sō desu.) Yes, that’s right. But back to the sentence. In that sentence, I used が (ga), the subject marker to mark you. |
| Naomi: そうですね、うん。(Sō desu ne, un.) |
| Peter: What is the proper one? Do I say ナオミ先生が全然わかりません (Naomi-sensei ga zenzen wakarimasen) or do I say ナオミ先生を全然わかりません (Naomi-sensei o zenzen wakarimasen)? |
| Naomi: ナオミ先生が全然わかりません。(Naomi-sensei ga zenzen wakarimasen.) が (ga) is the proper particle but you can drop it. 英語、全然わかりません。(Eigo, zenzen wakarimasen.) I don’t understand English. |
| Peter: At all. |
| Naomi: 日本語、全然わかりません。(Nihon-go, zenzen wakarimasen.) |
| Peter: I don’t understand Japanese at all. |
| Naomi: ピーターさん、全然わかりません。(Pītā-san, zenzen wakarimasen.) |
| Peter: I don’t understand Peter at all but it’s the が (ga) we are using in there. |
| Naomi: そうですね。(Sō desu ne.) In the correct grammar, yes. |
| Peter: So if you are in class and the teacher is asking questions and you are asked a question you don’t understand, you can respond by saying, すいません、全然わかりません。(Suimasen, zenzen wakarimasen.) |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: I don’t understand at all or すみません先生、わかりません (sumimasen sensei, wakarimasen). Excuse me, I don’t understand. |
| Naomi: Right. |
| Peter: Now if you want to help your friend out, you can say はい、先生！わかります。(Hai, sensei! Wakarimasu.) |
| Naomi: わかります (wakarimasu) is I know it or I understand. I can answer it. |
| Peter: And then your teacher says something like, ああ、またかい (ā, mata kai). Anyway, back to our lesson. On to today’s grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Naomi-sensei, what’s today’s target sentence? |
| Naomi: この電車は、新宿へ行きますか。(Kono densha wa, Shinjuku e ikimasu ka.) |
| Peter: Does this train go to Shinjuku? Will this train go to Shinjuku? Let’s take a look at the components that make up this sentence. First we have |
| Naomi: この (kono) |
| Peter: This. |
| Naomi: 電車 (densha) |
| Peter: Train. |
| Naomi: は (wa) |
| Peter: Topic marking particle. So we are talking about this train. So we can understand that this conversation is taking place on a platform somewhere and the train may or may not be present. You know, even if the train is not there, you can say この電車 (kono densha), referring that the train that passes along this line is this train. |
| Naomi: If you are on a platform, you can use this expression. |
| Peter: Okay, or maybe if you are pointing to a map. |
| Naomi: ああ、そうですね。(Ā, sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: But we want to kind of establish that the line is a connection of the train. And we have – So this is the topic of the sentence. Then we have |
| Naomi: 新宿 (Shinjuku) |
| Peter: A name of a district in Tokyo. |
| Naomi: へ (e) |
| Peter: Direction marking particle. |
| Naomi: 行きます (ikimasu) |
| Peter: Non-past polite form of the verb, |
| Naomi: To go. |
| Peter: Which of course which in its dictionary form is 行く (iku). So if you look this up in the dictionary, you will find 行く (iku), but here and what you will find in the textbook is of course 行きます (ikimasu). Finally we have |
| Naomi: か (ka) |
| Peter: Question marking particle. So か (ka) makes this into a question. So for example, Naomi-sensei if we didn’t have the か (ka), if we just ended this sentence after 行きます (ikimasu), what would the sentence mean? |
| Naomi: This train goes to Shinjuku. この電車は新宿へ行きます。(Kono densha wa Shinjuku e ikimasu.) |
| Peter: So this train goes to Shinjuku. So in theory, that statement can be an answer to この電車は新宿へいきますか (kono densha wa Shinjuku e ikimasu ka) to this question. |
| Naomi: はい、この電車は新宿へ行きます。(Hai, kono densha wa Shinjuku e ikimasu.) |
| Peter: Can be the answer. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: So that statement can be the answer to the question. Does this, does this train go to Shinjuku? So just by dropping that particle, we get a statement. |
| Naomi: The question word where is どこ (doko) in Japanese. So when you put どこ (doko) instead of Shinjuku and say この電車はどこへ行きますか (kono densha wa doko e ikimasu ka), it would be… |
| Peter: Where does this train go? Where will this train go? |
Outro |
| Peter: All right, Naomi-sensei. That’s going to do for today. |
| Naomi: じゃあ、また。(Jā, mata.) |
| DIALOGUE |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : すみません。これは 新宿へ 行きますか。(Sumimasen. Kore wa Shinjuku e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : 行きません。これは 回送電車です。(Ikimasen. Kore wa kaisō densha desu.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : 回送電車？！回送電車は どこへ 行きますか。(Kaisō densha?! Kaisō densha wa doko e ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : え？回送電車は... 車庫へ いきます。わかりますか。(E? Kaisō densha wa... shako e ikimasu. Wakarimasu ka.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : はいはい、わかります。じゃ、次の 電車は 何時に 来ますか。(Hai hai, wakarimasu. Ja, tsugi no densha wa nan-ji ni kimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : １２時２５分に 来ます。終電です。(Jū ni-ji ni-jū go-fun ni kimasu. Shūden desu.) |
| BONUS TRACK DIALOGUE |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : すみませーん。酔っ払いです。看板は読めないんですが、新宿二丁目に行きますか。(Sumimasēn. Yopparai desu. Kanban wa yomenai n desu ga, Shinjuku ni-chō-me ni ikimasu ka.) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : 行きません。新宿二丁目に駅はないですね。(Ikimasen. Shinjuku ni-chō-me ni eki wa nai desu ne.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : 本当ですか！(Hontō desu ka!) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : しかも、終電は行ってしまいました。(Shikamo, shūden wa itte shimaimashita.) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : マジすか！どうすべ、どうすべ、オールナイトパーティーに行きてぇ！(Maji su ka! Dō su be, dō su be, ōru naito pātī ni ikitee!) |
| 駅員 (ekiin) : あ〜、そうですか。最高のオールナイト駅員パーティーがありますよ！行きませんか！(Ā, sō desu ka. Saikō no ōru naito ekiin pātī ga arimasu yo! Ikimasen ka!) |
| ファブリツィオ (Faburitsio) : ファーブリツィオ、嬉しいわよ！オールナイトクレイジーパーティーしましょう〜！(Fāburitsio, ureshii wa yo! Ōru naito kureijī pātī shimashō!) |
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