Learn how to use the sentence pattern "when... I [did something]."
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, I'm John. |
| Risa: And I'm Risa. |
| John: And welcome to Must-Know Japanese Sentence Structures, Season 1, Lesson 47. Talking About a Past Action. |
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use a sentence pattern for talking about an event that occurred at a specific time in the past. |
| PATTERN |
| John: For example, |
| John: "When I went to Osaka, I had octopus dumplings." |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| Risa: [slow] 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| John: The pattern for talking about an event that occurred at a specific time in the past has three elements. First, a sentence in informal past form, referring to when you did something, in this case "I went to Osaka." |
| Risa: 大阪に行った (Ōsaka ni itta) |
| John: Second, the conjunction that means "when." |
| Risa: とき (toki) |
| John: Third, a sentence referring to the main action, in this case "I had octopus dumplings." |
| Risa: たこ焼きを食べました (takoyaki o tabemashita) |
| John: Altogether, we have... "When I went to Osaka, I had octopus dumplings." |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) [slow] 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) [normal] 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| John: The sentence pattern to say "When..." in Japanese, is a sentence referring to the moment you did something, in informal past, followed by the conjunction meaning "when," plus the main clause. |
| Again, "When I went to Osaka, I had octopus dumplings." is…. |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| John: So remember, to talk about an event that occurred at a specific time in the past, say what you were doing in informal past tense followed by... |
| Risa: とき (toki) |
| John: Finally add the main clause. |
| John: Here is another example meaning, "When I got up this morning, a bird was singing." First, a sentence in informal past form, meaning "I got up this morning." |
| Risa: 今朝起きた (Kesa okita). |
| John: Second, the conjunction that means "when." |
| Risa: とき (toki) |
| John: And last, a sentence meaning "A bird was singing." |
| Risa: 鳥が鳴いていました (tori ga naite imashita) |
| John: Altogether we have... |
| Risa: 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) [slow] 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) [normal] 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) |
| John: "When I got up this morning, a bird was singing." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) |
| John: How do you say, "When I ate this dish, I remembered my mother." To give you a hint, "to remember my mother" is... |
| Risa: (母を思い出す) (haha o omoidasu) |
| John: which in the past tense is... |
| Risa: 母を思い出しました (haha o omoidashimashita). [slow] 母を思い出しました (haha o omoidashimashita) |
| John: "When I ate this dish, I remembered my mother." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) [slow] この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) [normal] この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) |
| REVIEW |
| John: Let's review the sentences from this lesson. I will give you the English equivalent of the phrase and you are responsible for shouting it out loud in Japanese. Here we go. |
| John: "When I went to Osaka, I had octopus dumplings." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| John: "When I got up this morning, a bird was singing." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: 今朝起きたとき、鳥が鳴いていました。 (Kesa okita toki, tori ga naite imashita.) |
| John: "When I ate this dish, I remembered my mother." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: この料理を食べたとき、母を思い出しました。 (Kono ryōri o tabeta toki, haha o omoidashimashita.) |
Outro |
|---|
| John: Okay. That's all for this lesson. You learned a sentence pattern for talking about an event that occurred at a specific time in the past, as in... |
| Risa: 大阪に行ったとき、たこ焼きを食べました。 (Ōsaka ni itta toki, takoyaki o tabemashita.) |
| John: meaning "When I went to Osaka, I had octopus dumplings." |
| John: You can find more vocab or phrases that go with this sentence pattern in the lesson notes. So please be sure to check them out on JapanesePod101.com. Thanks everyone, see you next time! |
| Risa: またね！(Mata ne!). |
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