Learn how to use the sentence pattern "If..."
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, I'm John. |
| Risa: And I'm Risa. |
| John: And welcome to Must-Know Japanese Sentence Structures, Season 1, Lesson 38 - Using Conditionals. |
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use a sentence pattern for using conditionals with "if". |
| PATTERN |
| John: For example, |
| John: "If it's sunny, I'll go to Tokyo Disneyland." |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| Risa: [slow] もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| John: The pattern for using conditionals with "if" has four elements. First, an adverb meaning "if,” |
| Risa: もし (Moshi). |
| John: Second, an informal sentence in the past tense, meaning "It was sunny." . |
| Risa: 晴れた (hareta). |
| John: Third, a part of the subordinate conjunction, |
| Risa: たら (tara), |
| John: which indicates supposition and in this sentence pattern is shortened to |
| Risa: ら (ra). |
| John: And last, a formal sentence meaning "I'll go to Disneyland.". |
| Risa: 東京ディズニーランドに行きます (Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu). |
| John: Altogether, we have... "If it's sunny, I'll go to Tokyo Disneyland." |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) [slow] もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) [normal] もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| John: The sentence pattern to say "if..." in Japanese, is an adverb meaning "if," |
| Risa: もし (Moshi). |
| John: followed by an informal sentence in the past tense expressing a conditional thing, plus the shortened subordinate conjunction, |
| Risa: ら (ra). |
| John: and finally the formal main clause. |
| John: So, "If it's sunny, I'll go to Tokyo Disneyland." would be |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| John: So, to use conditionals with "if," remember to first say |
| Risa: もし (Moshi). |
| John: then the conditional thing in an informal past-tense sentence, plus |
| Risa: ら (ra). |
| John: Then, add the main clause. |
| John: Here is another example, meaning "If it rains, I'll stay home. " First, the adverb meaning "if," |
| Risa: もし (Moshi). |
| John: Second, an informal sentence in the past-tense, meaning "It rained." |
| Risa: 雨がふった (ame ga futta). |
| John: Third, the shortened subordinate conjunction, which indicates supposition, |
| Risa: ら (ra). |
| John: And last, a sentence meaning "I'll stay home." |
| Risa: 家にいます (ie ni imasu). |
| John: Altogether we have... |
| Risa: もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) [slow] もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) [normal] もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) |
| John: "If it rains, I'll stay home." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) |
| John: How do you say, "If you hear from him, please tell me." To give you a hint, "to hear from him" is... |
| Risa: 彼から連絡がある (kare kara renraku ga aru). [slow] 彼から連絡がある (kare kara renraku ga aru). [normal] 彼から連絡がある (kare kara renraku ga aru) |
| John: "If you hear from him, please tell me." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) [slow] もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) [normal] もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) |
| REVIEW |
| John: Let's review the sentences from this lesson. I will give you the English equivalent of the phrase and you are responsible for shouting it out loud in Japanese. Here we go. |
| John: "If it's sunny, I'll go to Tokyo Disneyland." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| John: "If it rains, I'll stay home. " |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし雨がふったら、家にいます。 (Moshi ame ga futtara, ie ni imasu.) |
| John: "If you hear from him, please tell me." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: もし彼から連絡があったら、教えてください。 (Moshi kare kara renraku ga attara, oshiete kudasai.) |
Outro |
|---|
| John: Okay. That's all for this lesson. You learned a pattern for using conditionals with "if", as in... |
| Risa: もし晴れたら、東京ディズニーランドに行きます。 (Moshi haretara, Tōkyō dizunīrando ni ikimasu.) |
| John: meaning "If it's sunny, I'll go to Tokyo Disneyland." |
| John: You can find more vocab or phrases that go with this sentence pattern in the lesson notes. So please be sure to check them out on JapanesePod101.com. Thanks everyone, see you next time! |
| Risa: またね！(Mata ne!). |
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