Learn how to use the sentence pattern "There is too much..."
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, I'm John. |
| Risa: And I'm Risa. |
| John: And welcome to Must-Know Japanese Sentence Structures, Season 1, Lesson 37 - Describing Excess |
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use a sentence pattern for describing excess. |
| PATTERN |
| John: For example, |
| John: "This shirt is too small." |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| Risa: [slow] このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| John: The pattern for describing excess has three elements. First, a noun phrase meaning "this shirt" with the subject-marking particle, wa. |
| Risa: このシャツは (Kono shatsu wa). |
| John: Second, the adjective stem meaning "small," |
| Risa: 小さ (chiisa-). |
| John: Third, the -masu form of the verb meaning "to pass," |
| Risa: すぎます (sugimasu). |
| John: This verb, when attached to an adjective stem, works as an auxiliary verb and means "is too much." |
| John: Altogether, we have... "This shirt is too small." |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) [slow] このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) [normal] このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| John: The sentence pattern to describe excess is a noun phrase followed by the subject-marking particle, |
| Risa:は (wa). |
| John: plus the adjective stem, followed by |
| Risa: すぎます (sugimasu) |
| John: which expresses an excessive state and means "to be too much." |
| John: So "This shirt is too small." would be |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| John: So, to express that something has been excessive, remember to say a noun phrase followed by the subject-marking particle, |
| Risa:は (wa) |
| John: then add the adjective stem, followed by |
| Risa: すぎます (sugimasu). |
| John: Here is another example meaning, "Brand goods are too expensive." First, a noun phrase meaning "brand goods," followed by the subject-marking particle, wa. |
| Risa: ブランド品は (Burando-hin wa). |
| John: Second, the adjective stem meaning "expensive," |
| Risa: 高 (taka-). |
| John: Third, the -masu form of the verb meaning "to pass," which works as an auxiliary verb and means "is too much," when attached to an adjective stem, |
| Risa: すぎます (sugimasu). |
| John: Altogether we have... |
| Risa: ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) [slow] ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) [normal] ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) |
| John: "Brand goods are too expensive." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) |
| John: How do you say, "This cake is too sweet." To give you a hint, "sweet" is... |
| Risa: 甘い (amai). [slow] 甘い (amai). [normal] 甘い (amai). |
| John: "This cake is too sweet." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) [slow] このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) [normal] このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) |
| REVIEW |
| John: Let's review the sentences from this lesson. I will give you the English equivalent of the phrase and you are responsible for shouting it out loud in Japanese. Here we go. |
| John: "This shirt is too small." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| John: "Brand goods are too expensive." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: ブランド品は、高すぎます。 (Burando-hin wa, takasugimasu.) |
| John: "This cake is too sweet." |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) |
| [pause] |
| Risa: このケーキは、甘すぎます。 (Kono kēki wa, amasugimasu.) |
Outro |
|---|
| John: Okay. That's all for this lesson. You learned a pattern for describing excess, as in... |
| Risa: このシャツは、小さすぎます。 (Kono shatsu wa, chiisasugimasu.) |
| John: meaning "This shirt is too small." |
| John: You can find more vocab or phrases that will go with this sentence pattern in the lesson notes. So please be sure to check them out on JapanesePod101.com. Thanks everyone, see you next time! |
| Risa: またね！(Mata ne!). |
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