みなさん, This そうだ is different the one we studied a couple of lessons ago - can you see the difference?

マークさん

こんにちは！

コメントありがとうございます。

As you know, 流行（りゅうこう）and 流行り（はやり）have different readings, but they have same kanji and meaning.

Just はやり is a bit more casual, so in the dialogue, the reporter uses りゅうこう, more formal word.

We have learned two ways of use for そうだ.

It seems you mastered them😊

Please let us know if you have any questions:)

Sincerely,

Miho

Team JapanesePod101.com

This is a little confusing. Why is この流行 used and not この流行り? Read as はいやりand not りゅうこう。

This lesson: 彼は柔道をできそうだ。Last lesson: 国語の学生は謎々をよくできるだそうだ。

え、そのケーキはカロリーたっぷりそうだ！or え、そのケーキはカロリー沢山ありそうだ

丹さん

お返事ありがとうございます😄

もちろんです😉

Please let us know if you have any questions :)

Sincerely

りょうま（Ryoma）

Team JapanesePod101.com

あ～～びっくりしました！

そんな長い説明でありがとうございます！

丹さん

質問（しつもん）ありがとうございます😄

少し長い説明になってしまってすみません😅

これが全部ではないかもしれませんが、基本的なルールはこんな感じです。

な is the ending of the pre-nominal form of na-adjectives. だ is the affirmative plain form of na-adjectives and “a noun + copula.” You have to remember which grammar pattern requires な or plain form. However, if a sentence ending with a na-adjective or “a noun + copula” states a past event or an event in negative form, you don’t have to worry about the usage of な and だ.

You need な

a) when a na-adjective comes before a noun, including nominalizers の and こと, and it describes the following noun, such as きれいな花, 元気なおばあちゃん or 静かなのが好きです, and

b) when a na-adjective comes before the grammar pattern which requires the followed na-adjective to be in pre-nominal form. For example,

この公園はきれいなので、人気があります。

*Please note that some grammar patterns also require a noun to end with な.

学生なので、映画のチケットは1800円です。

You need だ

a) when a sentence ending with a na-adjective or “a noun + copula” comes before a sentence ending particle in casual speech, or a quotation marking particle と. The sentence should end with non-past affirmative plain form: for example,この街は、静かだよ。or この街は静かだと思います。

b) when a na-adjective or “a noun + copula” comes before the grammar pattern which requires it to be in plain form. The clause ending with a na-adjective or “a noun + copula” should be in non-past affirmative form: for example, この街は静かだそうです。

or スイスは綺麗だそうです。

c) when you write the plain text.

この街は静かだ。or スイスは綺麗だ。

Please let us know if you have any questions :)

Sincerely

りょうま（Ryoma）

Team JapanesePod101.com

名詞とな形容詞の後に“だ”とか“な”とかは必要かどうか困ります。

どうやったら覚えますか？

Hi Marcus,

Thanks for leaving a comment and asking the question.

妻と家族が僕の料理を食べられば嬉しいです。

>> This sentence is hard to say with using passive form. A native speaker would rather say:

妻と家族は僕の料理を食べると喜びます。or

妻と家族は僕の料理を食べられる日は、とても喜びます。

Hope this helps.

Miki H

Team JapanesePod101.com

僕も料理が出来る男性です。妻と家族が僕の料理を食べられば嬉しいです。

I am still having trouble using passive form, can you tell me if this sentence makes sense? I want to say that my wife and family are happy if they get to eat the food I make, not that I am happy.

Andy さん、

こんにちは。

どういたしまして。:smile:

Yuki 由紀

Team JapanesePod101.com

有難うね

Andy` さん、

こんにちは。

お返事が大変遅くなって済みません。

１．’はい, 違う点がありますよ。’ is better.

I can understand you used 見えます because the sentence has ‘can see.’

However, in this case Japanese native speakers would not use 見えます　since it indicates ability of the speakers.

It should be used in the sentences below.

窓をあければ富士山がみえるよ、天気もいいし。

あの人は、子供のときに大病をして片目が見えないんだって。　

霧がかかっていて、５ｍ先もよくみえない

2. レッスン１７のそうだは誰かからニュースを聞いた時です。

Just typo and a conjugation mistake

In lesson 17, the “souda” is used when you hear some news from someone.

The sentences below are grammatically correct.

花の彼氏は金持ちだそうだよ。

I heard Hana’s boyfriend is rich.

でもレッスン１９のそうだは見える時です。

But in lesson 19, the “souda” is used when you see the thing you’re talking about.

花の彼氏の車は高そうだね。

Hana’s boyfriend’s car looks expensive.

Sarah san,

Konnichiwa.

I see.

If you have questions, please feel free to ask us.

:smile:

Yuki 由紀

Team JapanesePod101.com

This is something I need to reguarly review- the difference between 'I heard' and 'it looks/seems' as it's easy to mix them up

はい違うところ見えますよ。

Yes I can see the different points.

レッスン１７のそいだは誰かからニュースを聞きました時です。

In lesson 17, the "souda" is used when you hear some news from someone.

例文：

For example:

花の彼氏は金持ちだそうだよ。

I heard Hana's boyfriend is rich.

でもレッスン１９のそうだは見える時です。

But in lesson 19, the "souda" is used when you see the thing you're talking about.

例文：

For example.

花の彼氏の車は高そうだね。

Hana's boyfriend's car looks expensive.

正しいですか？

Am I right?

モノノフしょうがないさん、

こんにちは。

Both sentences with そうです are very correct! Very well done:smile::thumbsup:

Glad I could help:innocent:

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

奈津子先生、

質問を答えてくれて、ありがとうございます。

１）私はナオミ先生の説明を全然疑わないですが、私の読解は別です。はっきり「はい、それは正しいです。」と書いて、そして説明を期待していました。文法の説明やテクニカルポイントにつて私には直接がいいです。それでも、何とか正しいに分かりました。よかったです。確認してくれて、本当にありがおうございます。もちろん、ナオミ先生も、ありがとうございます。

私の考え方は西洋すぎるでしょう。しょうがないです。でも、頑張ります。

1) I never doubted for a second that Naomi-sensei's answer was correct, however, my feelings about my own reading comprehension were a different matter. I was hoping for a rock solid affirmation, “Yes, that is correct.” and the explanation to follow. When it comes to grammar explanations or any technical points, I do like directness. Nevertheless, somehow I understood it correctly anyway. Awesome. Thank you very much for confirming. And of course I thank Naomi-sensei as well for her answer.

There's too much western influence in me I guess. It cant be helped. But I am trying.

2) Thank you as well for the explanation of the negative form of sou desu and how it is done differently between verbs and adjectives.

So with verbs I can say something like:

その動物はもう歩かなそうです。かわいそうです。

It looks like that animal will not be walking anymore. The poor thing.

And with i adjectives:

怪物は怖くなさそうです。

The monster doesn't seem scary.

モノノフしょうがないさん、

in response to your 2 questions....

1)

What Naomi-sensei has explained is completely correct and it effectively means that

there can be present progressive with sou da.

2)

Politeness levels can be shown/expressed with the end of the sentence, so instead of

"sou da", if you use "sou desu", it's politer. This is true to many other expressions.

And lastly, yes, the conjugation with "sou" for verb in negative form (nai-form) is different

from that for i-adjectives. It doesn't take "sa".

i.g.

[i-adjective] さむい　⇒　さむくない　⇒　さむくなさそう

　　　　　　　　おいしい　⇒　おいしくない　⇒　おいしくなさそう

[verb] 泣く　⇒　泣かない　⇒　泣かなそう

　　　　食べる　⇒　食べない　⇒　食べなそう

However, like Lesson Notes says, there are more and more Japanese people

who add "sa" into above verbs simply because they are confused and more affected/influenced

by i-adjectives' conjugation. It is still not correct, so please stick to above rules (i.e. explanation

shown on Lesson Notes):wink:

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

皆さん、こんばんは。

I have a question about a previous post. Another listener, unagi-san, posted some questions, questions that I myself wondered about. I understood that part with relative ease. But I am not sure I completely understand the answer he received from Naomi-sensei. I mean I sort of think I got it, but not well enough to take it to the bank. For convenience, I will repost it. From unagi-san's original post:

動詞の場合はマスをとったマス形を使うとレッスンノートに書いてありますが、このような文章も見たことがあります：

道が渋滞していそうです。これも正しいですか。

それに、動詞+そうだの否定形もいろいろありますね。例えば、

降りそうもない

降りそうにない

降りそうにもない

降らなさそう

それぞれの違いを説明していただけませんか。

And then Naomi-sensei's post in response to unagi-san:

unagi-san

>>動詞の場合はマスをとったマス形を使うとレッスンノートに書いてありますが、このような文章も見たことがあります：道が渋滞していそうです。これも正しいですか。

→これは、「道が渋滞しています」という進行形 の意味の文章ですから、形的には「そう」が「マス stem」についています。

>>それに、動詞+そうだの否定形もいろいろありますね。例えば、

降りそうもない

降りそうにない

降りそうにもない

降らなさそう

それぞれの違いを説明していただけませんか。

→どの程度詳しく知りたいですか？

すこしややこしくなりますが・・・。

「～そうにない」というのは辞書には「ある動作が行われる可能性が小さいという判断や見通しを表す。」と書いてあります。

助動詞「も」はこの場合は強い否定を表します。

ですから、否定の度合いは

「～そうにもない」or「～そう（に）もない」>「～そうにない」

「なさそう」は「～そうにない」よりはカジュアルな表現だと思います。

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1. So can someone confirm the answer about the present progressive and sou da?

2: The negative form of a verb + sou da looks really problematic. I do not think I have seen it in a lesson yet. I guess its just nai becoming: na sa sou da, just like i-adjectives in the negative + sou da. But then there is the question of politeness levels. I don't know what I should use and when.

---

I had all this written up and ready to launch almost 2 months ago, but got distracted and neglected to post it. I notice a new post from Natsuko-sensei in response to wael-san. Most of my questions about Naomi-sensei's post in the paragraph directly above still stand, but I see part of it answered now.

So the negative form of verbs and sou da is not exactly like i-adjectives then?

wael-san,

sorry! I found the typo in my response.

It's

終わりそう　⇔　終わらなそう

Please note that the "nasasou" is for adjectives.

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

wael-san,

1)

What is the question point here and the rationale, please?

You can say あの女の人はかわいそうだ。but this かわいそう is NOT "beautiful".

This is a na-adjective and the sentence means that you feel for her or "Poor her".

2)

The speaker is asking the estimation which the listener "thinks/foresees", or "guess".

Please note that this is a question sentence.

3)

All "nasasouda", "sou mo nai" and "sou ni nai" are correct as certain negative expression,

but as a corresponding (pairing-up) expression with opposite meaning, it'd be "nasasouda".

終わりそう　⇔　終わらなさそう

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

1)Why i can't say

あの女の人が(可愛そう - きれいそう - 美しそう)だ。?

This woman seems beauty.

2)何分ぐらいで終わりそうですか。

why that sentence is correct?.even-though, it doesn't involve speaker's conjecture.

3)This negative form of souda is nasasouda OR sou mo/ni nai?