Learn how to form the negative forms of Class 2 verbs and make negative Japanese sentences with them
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| Welcome to learn Japanese grammar absolute beginner. In this video series, you learn basic Japanese grammar patterns and phrases through easy to follow audio and visual cues. Here is what we will cover in this lesson. Ready? Let’s get started. |
| ケントはテレビを見ない。 (Kento wa terebi o minai.) |
| Kat: In this lesson, you will learn how to create the negative form of class 2 verbs. |
| Naomi: Class 2 verbs are even easier to conjugate than class 1 verbs. |
| Kat: Right, with class 1 verbs if you remember, we had to take away the last -u sound and then add -anai on the end of it. |
| Naomi: Yeah and there are many kinds of endings for class 1 verbs like く (ku), つ (tsu), す (su), む (mu), and so on. |
| Kat: The easy thing about class 2 verbs though, is that they all end in る (ru) |
| Naomi: Right. |
| Kat: Now not every verb that ends in る (ru) is class 2 but every class 2 verb does end in る (ru) |
| Naomi: That’s right. And to change it to the negative form, all you have to do is change る to ない (nai). |
| Kat: That’s it, just one step. Let’s try it with some verb, shall we? |
| Naomi: Sure. Let’s take the verb, 見る (miru), |
| Kat: to watch. |
| Naomi: Change る (ru) to ない (nai) , so 見る (miru) becomes 見ない (minai) |
| Kat: To not watch. |
| Naomi: Here is another one. The verb 起きる (okiru), |
| Kat: To wake up. |
| Naomi: Change る (ru) to ない (nai). So 起きる (okiru) becomes 起きない (okinai) |
| Kat: To not wake up. |
| Naomi: And one more, the verb 食べる (taberu) |
| Kat: To eat. |
| Naomi: Change る (ru) to ない (nai). So 食べる (taberu) becomes 食べない (tabenai) |
| Kat: To not eat. I think it’s pretty straightforward, don’t you? |
| Naomi: I think so. So now let’s jump into some sample sentences. |
| Kat: Sounds good. How about when using 見ない (minai) to not watch. |
| Naomi: ケントはテレビを見ない。 (Kento wa terebi o minai.) |
| Kat: Kent doesn’t watch TV. Let’s break this down. |
| Naomi: ケントは (Kento wa) |
| Kat: Kent plus topic particle は (wa). |
| Naomi: テレビを (terebi o) |
| Kat: TV plus object particle を (o) |
| Naomi: 見ない。 (minai.) |
| Kat: Doesn’t watch. Can we hear another sample sentence? |
| Naomi: Sure 私は甘いものを食べない。 (Watashi wa amai mono o tabenai.) |
| Kat: I don’t eat sweets. Let’s break down this one too. |
| Naomi: 私は (watashi wa) |
| Kat: I plus topic particle は (wa) |
| Naomi: 甘いものを (amai mono o) |
| Kat: Sweets or sweet things plus object particle を (o) |
| Naomi: 食べない。 (tabenai.) |
| Kat: Don’t eat. Altogether I don’t eat sweets or I don’t eat sweet things. |
| Naomiケントはテレビを見ない。 (Kento wa terebi o minai.) |
| Naomi:1時に食べる。 (Ichi-ji ni taberu.) |
| Kat: In this lesson, you will learn how to say what time you do something. You learned how to say what time it is. Do you remember? Here is the quick review to refresh your memory. To tell the time, you add 時 (ji) to the number of the hour. For example? |
| Naomi: いち (ichi) is one. So when you add 時 (ji), it becomes 1時 (ichi-ji) |
| Kat: 1 o’ clock |
| Naomi: And so on. |
| Kat: Right. So now that we remember how to say 1 o’clock. |
| Naomi: 1時に食べる。 (Ichi-ji ni taberu.) |
| Kat: Can we break it down? |
| Naomi: 1時 (ichi-ji) |
| Kat: 1 o’ clock. |
| Naomi: に (ni) |
| Kat: Particle に (ni) used for time. |
| Naomi: 食べる (taberu) |
| Kat: To eat. |
| Naomi: 1時に食べる。 (Ichi-ji ni taberu.) |
| Kat: I eat at 1 o’clock. |
| Naomi: Right. You need the particle に (ni) after the time. |
| Kat: How about some real life examples now, Naomi-sensei? What time do you go to sleep? |
| Naomi: 1時に寝る。 (Ichi-ji ni neru.) |
| Kat: So you go to sleep at 1, I would say, 1 AM? |
| Naomi: そう (sō), Right. And for you, Kat. So what time do you usually get up on a weekend? |
| Kat: On the weekend, Umm I don’t really want to answer it but 週末は10時に起きます。 (Shūmatsu wa jū-ji ni okimasu.) I get up at 10 AM on the weekend or later. |
| Naomi:1時に食べる。 (Ichi-ji ni taberu.) |
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