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Lesson Transcript

Jessi: Hi everyone, welcome to the New JLPT N3 Prep Course Lesson 7. I'm Jessi and joining me in the studio is Naomi-sensei!
Naomi:こんにちは、みなさん。直美です。Hi everyone, Naomi here.前回は 文法と読解のもんだい3を勉強しましたね。
Jessi: Right. In the last lesson, we covered もんだい 3 of the grammar and reading comprehension section.
Naomi:このレッスンでは、問題4、5&6を紹介します。
Jessi: And in this Lesson, we'll cover Questions 4, 5, and 6 of the grammar and reading comprehension section .
Naomi:もんだい4、5、&6は 長い文章を読んで、質問に答えます。
Jessi: In Questions 4, 5 and 6, you read a passage of text and answer questions about the content. So in this section, you are tested on how well you can comprehend what you read in Japanese.
Naomi:問題4と5と6の形はほとんど同じですが、問題5と6の方が少し長いです。
Jessi:Questions 4, 5 and 6 all have the same format, but the text passage gets longer with each question. In Question 4, the passage has around 200 characters, in Question 5, around 350characters, and in Question 6, around 550characters. Now, it's a bit of a challenge to review for reading questions through an audio lesson, so what we're going to do is review some really important constructions that you'll see in this section.
Naomi: Sounds like a good idea.
Jessi: In this section, you'll come across many different styles of reading passages. The most common styles are essays, letters, passages explaining something, and passages containing data.
Naomi: Right, so it helps to practice reading all kinds of passages if you can.
**Instructions**
Jessi: First of all, Naomi-sensei, can you please read the instructions?
Naomi: はい! つぎのぶんしょうを よんで、しつもんに こたえてください。 こたえは 1・2・3・4から いちばん いい ものを 一つ えらんで ください。
Jessi: Read the following text and answer the questions. Choose the best answer from 1 through 4. Okay, now one of the keys to correctly understanding a Japanese passage is conjunctions.
Naomi:そうです!「接続詞」ですね。
Jessi: Conjunctions are expressions that connect nouns, sentences, phrases, and so on. We've grouped them by usage in the PDF, so let's take some of the more advanced ones that may be new to you from each set and go over them.
Naomi: All right, sounds good!
Jessi: First are conjunctions that indicate a reason. The first one we'll look at is...
Naomi: したがって
Jessi: したがって means "consequently", or "therefore". To compare it to another word, it basically has the same meaning as だから.
Naomi: そうです!したがって, however, sounds much more formal.
Jessi: Yes, you won't hear this in spoken Japanese often. 例文お願いします。
Naomi: 昔は車が少なかった。したがって、交通事故も少なかったのだ。
Jessi: "There weren't many cars in the olden days. Consequently, there were also few car accidents." If you think of it as being equal to "consequently", I think you can get a good feel for this word. And like the word "consequently" in English, したがって is used primarily in writing.
Naomi: Right. The next one is なぜなら.
Jessi: なぜなら means "because", and it is used to begin a sentence. A good translation would be "The reason is that...". 例文お願いします。
Naomi: 私たちは結婚式をしなかった。なぜなら、お金がなかったからだ。
Jessi: "We didn't hold a wedding ceremony. The reason is that we didn't have any money."
Naomi: Let's look at the next set of words.
Jessi: The next set of conjunctions are used to indicate additional information. The first one is...?
Naomi: および
Jessi: This means "and", or "as well". 例文お願いします。
Naomi: この駐車場は土日および祝日は、利用できません。[← add object?]
Jessi: You cannot use it on weekends and holidays. 土日, weekends, および, and, 祝日 holidays, so weekends AND holidays.
Naomi: This has a very formal feel to it. Basically it means と. or そして.
Jessi: Mm, I agree. It looks like something you would see written on a sign. There's another conjunction that is similar in meaning on the list, and that is...?
Naomi:または
Jessi: And this means "or". 例文お願いします。
Naomi: Eメールまたはファックスで送ってください。
Jessi: Please send it by e-mail or fax. Eメールまたはファックス E-mail OR Fax. So, while および encompasses both, A AND B, または means one or the other - A OR B. (合っていますか?)
Naomi: Right. It's like か. So you can rephrase e-mail またはファックス as
Jessi:Eメールかファックス
Naomi:そうです。
Jessi: The next conjunction is...
Naomi: そのうえ
Jessi: "in addition", "furthermore". 例文お願いします。
Naomi: おなかと頭が痛い。その上、歯までいたくなってきた。
Jessi: My stomach and head hurt. On top of that, my teeth have also started to hurt. If you think of the literal meaning, it makes a lot of sense. その上 - almost literally, "on top of that".
Naomi: そうですね~。If you want to say easily that would be...そして、それから、それに加えて orそれにプラスして。
Jessi: Okay, and lastly, a couple conjunctions that are used to rephrase something. The first is...?
Naomi: つまり
Jessi: "I mean", "in other words". You use つまり right before you are about to rephrase something you said.
Naomi: そうですね。 たとえば、それはノンアルコールビール、つまり、お酒がはいっていないビールだ。
Jessi: "That's non-alcoholic beer - in other words, it's beer with no alcohol in it." You're basically just clarifying something by putting it in a different way. And the second one...?
Naomi: いわゆる
Jessi: "so-called", "quote-unquote". Example please!
Naomi: 彼はいわゆる天才だったが、成功できなかった。
Jessi: "He was a quote-unquote genius, but he wasn't able to succeed." In this sentence, the implication is that while he may have been called a genius, there is some doubt as to whether he really was one.
Naomi: そうですね。But いわゆる doesn't always imply doubt.
Jessi: That's true. Sometimes it's just used in the sense of "what is known as [blank]" (example?). Okay, so what we've just gone over are the more advanced conjunctions. Aren't you glad we got some of those out of the way?
Naomi: Definitely! But don't forget to check the PDF for the rest.
Jessi: You may know some of them already, but it doesn't hurt to review!
Naomi: Well, that's all the time we have for this lesson.
Jessi: Make sure to let us know if you have any questions, and see you next time!
Naomi: じゃまた!

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Comments

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JapanesePod101.com
2010-09-29 18:30:00

みなさん、

In this lesson, we finish up the Grammar and Reading Comprehension section. Make sure to go through the PDF for even more important phrases! :hachimaki:

JapanesePod101.com
2020-07-18 15:32:35

アザミさん、こんにちは!

コメントありがごうございます。

Your sentences are all correct☺️

There's no mistake. Great job!!

Hope you enjoy learning Japanese with us:)

Sincerely,

Miho

Team JapanesePod101.com

アザミ
2020-06-24 08:08:37

Greetings again,

Regarding the structure "反面"

移民対策は、大規模に職業が生まれる反面、社会問題も生むかもしれない。

移民対策によって大規模に職業が生まれる。その反面、社会問題も生むかもしれない。

電力によって動く車は自然環境を脅かさない反面、高い価格で売られている。

Are my sentences ok? In the third one I was wondering if it is possible to use negative form of "脅かす". And the first one doesn't sound that right, right? 😅

JapanesePod101.com
2015-06-25 11:27:39

Gem-san kon'nichiwa,

We apologise that the sentence has missing particle. The correct one is;

「その反面」とあるが、「その」はどんなことをさしているか。

The main question is the latter half, and the first half indicates the part in the paragraph.

So the question says "What does "sono" indicate/mean as in "sono hanmen" in the paragraph?"

The purpose of this question is to check your understanding of this phrase and also the relationship between the parts before and after this phrase. As you mentioned, hanmen indicate something "opposite" so you'll find the parts which is opposite to each other.

Please check out the pattern

[summary / quotes from the paragraph]とあるが、[main question],

which you'd see often on reading comprehension section.

Hope this helps,

Motoko

Team JapanesePod101.com

Gem
2015-06-21 14:57:19

Re: Question 3 for Mondai 6:

「その反面」とあるが、「その」どんなことをさしているか。

I don't think I understand what is being asked by the question. Is the purpose to choose the sentence with a meaning opposite from that stated in the passage?

Thanks a lot.

JapanesePod101.com
2014-03-10 13:31:02

Hello Gerry from Michigan san,

In that case, you need verb ta form before mama.

For example, 電気をつけたままでかけました, 窓を開けたまま寝ました。

Yuki 由紀

Team JapanesePod101.com

Gerry from Michigan
2014-03-08 23:53:43

I thought that by adding まま to a -ています sentence that I would be emphasizing the fact that doing my best/struggling continues. And so it does :)

JapanesePod101.com
2014-03-07 14:44:07

Gerry from Micigan san,

On behalf of Natsuko, どういたしまして。

I can see your effort. Gerry さんはがんばっていますよ。

However, I think you wanted to you say,

わたしに 正しい にほんご は まだむずかしです。

でも (まあまあ?)がんばっています。

Yuki 由紀

Team JapanesePod101.com

Gerry from Michigan
2014-03-06 22:10:41

なつこ さん、

どうも ありがとう ございました。 わたしに正にほんごまだむずかしです。

でもままがあんばっています。もとれんしゅうしますよ。

Natsuko san,

Thank you very much.

For me, correct Japanese is still difficult. (to say/write).

But I continue to do my best. More practice!

JapanesePod101.com
2014-03-06 20:29:28

Gerry さん、

よかったです:smile::thumbsup:

それをしって、とてもうれしいです。

That's great!

I'm very happy to know that.

Just a little extra note (corrections):

どうも ありがとう。あなたの たとえ は とても わかりやすかった です。

あなた/なつこ と いっしょだと、日本語 が かんたんに りかい できます。

This would sound more natural :innocent:

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

Gerry from Michigan
2014-03-05 21:17:49

夏子さん、

どうもう ありがとう、 あなた の たとえば とても はきり でした。

なつこといっしょに、 日本語 を わかりやすいです。

Natsuko-san,

thank you very much, your examples were very clear.

With you, Japanese is easy to understand.

JapanesePod101.com
2014-02-27 19:32:16

Garry さん、

「それ」とは何か。 means "to identify what それ (= that/it) means.

When we read a chunk of story, we often come across pronouns.

So, you have to identify what those pronouns indicate.

Similar thing goes to こういうとき (lit. times like this).

彼は、ミルク を 買いに 行った はずでしたが、それを わすれて 公園で あそんでいました。

(= He was supposed to have gone out for buying some milk, but he ended up playing at the park

forgetting about it.)

In this sentence, you have to identify that それ in それをわすれて means ミルクを 買いに 行った

(which was the original purpose of going out).

Also,

たいふう の せいで ていでんしました。 こういうとき、かいちゅうでんとう が あると べんり です。

(= Because of typhoon, the city blacked out. In times like this, flashlights come in handy.)

Hope this helps!

Natsuko (奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

Gerry from Michigan
2014-02-26 22:08:09

わたし と言え 恥ずかしい です。

その たとえば わかりませんでした。

1. 「それ」とは何か。。

2. 「こういうとき」とはどんなときか。

英語の利用 おねがいします。 少したとえば いいです、それから残りが象れる。

ありがとう ごじます。

I'm embarrassed to say.

I didn't understand these examples.

1. 「それ」とは何か。。

2. 「こういうとき」とはどんなときか。

Please show English usage for these. A few examples would be good, I'll be able to pattern the rest.

Thanks,

JapanesePod101.com
2012-11-10 15:31:38

Anne Maria san,

we're sorry if we confused you, but glad you found Lesson Note Lite helpful! :smile:

Natsuko(奈津子),

Team JapanesePod101.com

Anne Maria
2012-11-09 23:57:29

Sorry, I`ve just checked the `lesson notes lite` which I should do before I comment (Oops) and it seems you have covered the sarcastic tone of `so-called` after all. However, the audio does not mention this : )

Anne Maria
2012-11-09 23:46:55

This lesson is great by the way - conjunctions in Japanese always confuse me but not now : )

Anne Maria
2012-11-09 23:44:48

Hi there,

I`m not sure if `so-called` and `what`s known as` is the same. so-called is usually used sarcastically and `what`s known as` is not really used sarcastically. For example, there used to be a tv show called `my so-called life` which means the girl didn`t really feel like she had much of a life. My so-called boyfriend is my boyfriend who`s not really acting like a boyfriend. What does everyone else think?

Naomi
2010-11-04 13:25:46

Stephen-san, John-san

Yes, you're right. It was a mistake. The answer should be #2 October 31st.

Thank you for letting us know. :razz:

John
2010-11-03 11:41:47

Hi,

For Mondai 5, the 2nd question ... shouldn't the answer be 2, i.e. 10/31 instead of 12/31?

John

Stephen
2010-11-03 01:36:23

Hi.

The JLPT N3 prep course lessons have been invaluable in my preparation for the test. I'm working through the additional practice questions for this lesson and I wanted to confirm the answer for Mondai 5, question #2 is actually 12/31, or answer (3). In reading the passage, I understood the 'coupon' to be valid until 10/31, or answer (2).

I may be missing some key information from the passage, which would explain my confusion. Would you please confirm if the answer is (3) from Mondai 5, question #2.

Thanks!

Stephen

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