Learn what you'll find in question five of the language knowledge section of the Japanese Language Proficiency Exam
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| :*****Opening******** |
| Jessi: Hi everyone! Welcome to the New JLPT N3 Prep Course at JapanesePod101.com. I'm Jessi and I'm here joined by Naomi-sensei. |
| Naomi:こんにちは、みなさん。直美です。前回までで文字と語彙の問題１から4を勉強しましたね。 |
| Jessi:So far you've learned what 問題1 2 3 and 4 of the Kanji and Vocab section are like. |
| Naomi:このレッスンは、問題5を勉強します。 |
| Jessi:In this Lesson, we'll cover もんだい 5 of the Kanji and Vocabulary section. In もんだい５ you're supposed to choose the sentence that correctly uses the given word. |
| :*****Instructions******** |
| Jessi:First of all, Naomi-sensei, can you read the instructions for もんだい5？ |
| Naomi:次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、一つ選びなさい。 |
| Jessi: Choose the sentence that uses the given word correctly. |
| Naomi:つぎのことば is "next word" or "following word". 言葉の使い方 is "how to use the word" or "usage of the word" |
| :****How to prepare for もんだい 5*** |
| Jessi:So もんだい５ is designed to test how well you are able to use the vocabulary. When you learn new words, get into the habit of looking up sample sentences to see how they are used. |
| Naomi:あと、似た意味をもつ言葉にも気をつけてください。 |
| Jessi:You have to be careful about the words that have similar meanings but are not exactly the same. They might try to trick you on the test. |
| Jessi: In this section, it's common for them to test you on set phrases used in daily life. |
| Naomi: Right. In the series for JLPT N4, we covered some basic ones like 行ってきます and 行ってらっしゃい, and ただいま and おかえり.. simple ones like that. |
| Jessi: As I'm sure you can imagine, the set phrases that show up on N3 are going to be a bit more difficult. Let's review a select few. |
| Naomi: The first one is おかまいなく. |
| Jessi: おかまいなく means "Please don't trouble yourself", or "please don't fuss over me". Here's an example. |
| Naomi: コーヒーか紅茶いかがですか。 |
| Jessi: どうぞ、おかまいなく。Naomi asked me if I cared for coffee or tea, but by saying おかまいなく, it's like "oh, please don't go to any trouble". |
| Naomi: Here's another phrase that uses なく. ご遠慮なく。 |
| Jessi: 遠慮 is "reserve", or "discretion", so literally ご遠慮なく means "without reserve". It translates best to "don't hesitate to" or "feel free to" in English. 例文お願いします。 |
| Naomi: ご遠慮なく、お電話ください。 |
| Jessi: Please don't hesitate to call me. |
| Naomi: Another common phrase is ご苦労様です。 This is similar in meaning to お疲れ様です. |
| Jessi: Right, as in "thank you for your hard work". But, note that you can only use ご苦労様 to someone who is of lower social status than you. |
| Naomi: そうです。 |
| Jessi:When can we use this? |
| Naomi:うーん。I recently used this phrase to a person who was working for 宅配便 (home delivery service). When I received the package I said ごくろうさまです。 |
| Jessi:I see. Since you're the customer, your social status is higher than the workers. So...I could use this phrase to a pizza delivery guy? |
| Naomi:もちろん Of course. |
| Jessi: Okay, now since this section is testing how well you are able to use vocabulary, you will be expected to be able to tell the difference between very similar words. So let's take a look at some words that are similar. |
| Naomi: First, two words related to weather. |
| 天気 (weather), 気候 (climate). |
| Jessi: Both are similar but used in different situations. |
| Naomi:天気 is a everyday word, isn't it? Such as いい天気ですね. (It's a good weather isn't it?) or, どんな天気ですか。(How's the weather?). |
| 気候 is often used to describe the "climate" for a certain area, or during a certain season. |
| For example, 北海道はどんな気候ですか。(What's the climate in Hokkaidou like?) 穏やかな気候ですね。（The climate is mild, isn't it.) |
| Naomi: Next, words related to temperature. |
| 気温 (air temperature) 温度 (temperature in general) 体温 (body temperature) |
| Jessi: Well, these are not too bad, right? If you pay attention to the kanji used in each word, as in the 気 in 気温 and 体 in 体温, you should be able to grasp the exact meaning. |
| Naomi:Right. 温度 is the general term for temperature. |
| 空気の温度は「気温」"air temperature" 体の温度は「体温」"body temperature". |
| Naomi: Next, let's look at some groups of words that start with the same kanji, and may be easy to confuse. |
| Jessi: The first is a group of words that start with 感, meaning "feeling". |
| Naomi: 感情 (feeling, emotion) 感心 (admiration) 感動 (being deeply moved emotionally) |
| Jessi: They all start with the same sound, and have to do with feeling and emotion, so I can see how these would be easy to confuse! Play close attention to the second kanji for clues to the meaning. |
| Naomi: 感心 and 感動 can be followed by する and they mean quite similar. |
| Jassi:感心する and 感動する？ What's the difference? |
| Naomi:I'd say they're similar 感心する is "to be impressed" 感心する is "to be moved" 感動する の方がずっと強いですね。I'd say 感動する sounds more subjective. |
| 感心する sounds like you're evaluating something. |
| Jessi:So when you see a really good movie, you tend to say... |
| Naomi:感動した！"I'm moved!" but if you were a movie director or something and you're impressed by the special effects or the sound effects. Then, you might say 感心した。"I'm impressed." Wow, they really did a great job... that kind of nuance. |
| Naomi:あと、「的」を使った表現もPDFで必ずチェックして置いてください。 |
| Jessi:Right. We listed 5 words that end in 的 so please memorize them. |
| Naomi:的は・・・なんですか？ |
| Jessi:Well...Teki is a suffix that changes nouns to a na-adjective and it's corresponds to "-like" or "-ish" in Japanese. |
| Naomi:For example, 部分 is "Part" 部分的 is "partially" 比較 is"comparison"比較的 is "comparatively." |
| Jessi:Well, that's all for this lesson... please join us next time as we share more JLPT N3 strategies! |
| Naomi:じゃまた！ |
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