Learn how to talk about currency
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| Hi everyone, I'm Alisha. |
| 皆さんこんにちは、アリーシャです。(Minasan konnichiwa, Alisha desu.) |
| Welcome to another whiteboard lesson. |
| In this lesson, you'll learn about Japanese currency and the numbers 10 to 10,000. |
| Let's get started. |
| Okay, let's start by taking a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| In this lesson, the vocabulary we're going to focus on are number words. |
| As you can see, today we're going to focus on large numbers. |
| We have a few groups that we're going to look at. |
| We'll look at how we express numbers in tens, in multiples of 10, multiples of 100, multiples of 1,000, and then we'll end with 10,000. |
| Let's go group by group. |
| Let's start by looking at the tens. |
| We express tens with 十 (jū). |
| Maybe you know the number 10 is 十 (jū). |
| When we make a multiple of 10, we add another number in front of 十 (jū), as you'll see in just a moment. |
| Let's take a look. |
| When we say 10, we say 十 (jū). |
| Then when we say 20, we say 二十 (ni-jū). |
| As you can maybe see, 二 (ni), meaning two, comes before 十 (jū). |
| It's like saying two tens, 二十 (ni-jū). |
| It's the same thing with 30, 三十 (san-jū), 三 (san), means three, 十 (jū), means ten. |
| You can consider this three tens. |
| Same thing with number 40, 四十 (yon-jū), 四 (yon), meaning four, 十 (jū), meaning ten, 四 (yon), next, the same with 50, 五十 (go-jū), 五十 (go-jū), five tens, continuing to 60, 六十 (roku-jū), sixty, or six tens, 六十 (roku-jū). |
| Next is 70, 70, 七十 (nana-jū), note that we use 七 (nana) here for this seven, we do not use 七 (nana),we use 七 (nana), 七十 (nana-jū) for 70. |
| Next is 80, 80, 八十 (hachi-jū), so again, eight tens, 八十 (hachi-jū), and finally we have 九十 (kyū-jū), 九十 (kyū-jū), make sure you have this long u on the 九 (kyū) part and the 十 (jū) part, so nine tens, 九十 (kyū-jū). |
| As you can see, we use the same pattern for tens and we will carry a similar pattern into the 100s and the 1000s, but there are some special things we need to consider here. |
| Let's continue to the 100s. |
| How do we express multiples of 100? |
| First the word for 100 is 百 (hyaku), 百 (hyaku), 百 (hyaku), 百 (hyaku), so 100. |
| We begin here with 100, 百 (hyaku). |
| We don't need to say like 一 (ichi) or 一百 (ichi-hyaku), nothing like that, don't use an 一 (ichi) before this, just 百 (hyaku). |
| Then, we follow the same pattern that we used in the multiples of 10 section, we add 二 (ni) before 200, 二百 (ni-hyaku), 二百 (ni-hyaku), 200, 二百 (ni-hyaku). |
| Same is true for 300, however, there's an interesting pronunciation point, an interesting spelling point we need to consider. |
| We have 三 (san), three, and then we have 百 (hyaku), 百 (hyaku). |
| Please note that sometimes the original 三 (san) in this case and 百 (hyaku) together would result in something that's a little awkward to say, saying 三百 (sanbyaku) is a little bit tricky. |
| Because of this, the pronunciation of the following sound has changed. |
| Not 三百 (san-hyaku), but this 百 (hyaku) has changed to a 百 (byaku), 百 (byaku), 三百 (sanbyaku), 三百 (sanbyaku), so it almost sounds like an M sound, 三百 (sanbyaku), 三百 (sanbyaku). |
| Please note this with the number 300, we'll see some other exceptions in today's lesson too. |
| This is our first one to consider, 三百 (sanbyaku). |
| Let's continue on now to 400, 四百 (yon-hyaku), 四百 (yon-hyaku), four 100s, 四百 (yon-hyaku). |
| And next, 500, 五百 (go-hyaku), 五百 (go-hyaku), five 100s. |
| Next let's go to 600, 600. |
| Here's another one that we need to consider very carefully, this one's special. |
| We have 六百 (roppyaku), 六百 (roppyaku), so here another one that would be difficult to say, 六百 (roku-hyaku) is kind of awkward, it's a little bit clumsy to say 六百 (roku-hyaku), so the word has been changed slightly. |
| We have 六百 (roppyaku), there's a small stop, there's no く (ku) in this one, 六百 (roppyaku), so there's this small つ (tsu) here, and we have a PI sound, so different from the PI we saw with 300, we have 百 (hyaku), 百 (hyaku) here, 六百 (roppyaku). |
| So these two are kind of the unusual ones in this group. |
| Let's continue on to the next one, 700, again we use 七 (nana), 七百 (nana-hyaku), 七百 (nana-hyaku), seven hundred, and next we have 800, the next kind of unusual one in this group. So we have 3, 6, and 8 to consider. 800 we used 八 (hachi) up here, right, in the tens, here however we use 八百 (happyaku), 八百 (happyaku). |
| So this follows that ピ (pi), the 百 (hyaku) one that we saw earlier, this 百 (hyaku) in 600 with 六百 (roppyaku), |
| we see the same thing with 800, this 八百 (happyaku), 八百 (happyaku). |
| So we do not say 八百 (hachi-hyaku), it's kind of awkward and difficult to say, so this word has been changed, this word has been modified to 八百 (happyaku), 八百 (happyaku), so please keep this one in mind. |
| Okay, let's go to the last one, which is 900, 九百 (kyū-hyaku), 九百 (kyū-hyaku), 900, 九 (kyū), 百 (hyaku), so again that long ウ (ū) sound, 九 (kyū), 百 (hyaku), yeah, okay great. |
| Now that we know there are a few exceptions in our counting, let's continue on to the thousands next, so how do we express 千 (sen), the word is 千 (sen), 千 (sen), 千 (sen), so this means one thousand, we follow the same pattern we followed for all of these, adding a number in front of 千 (sen) to create the multiple of one thousand, so let's look first, one thousand, 千 (sen), 千 (sen), one thousand, next we have 二千 (ni-sen), 二千 (ni-sen), which means two thousand, 二 (ni), 千 (sen), 二 (ni), 千 (sen), two thousand. |
| Next, another unusual one we have to consider, just like 300 with 三百 (sanbyaku), when we use three and thousand together we have another kind of modification to consider, the word here is 三千 (sanzen), 三千 (sanzen), so we don't say san-sen, again it's a little bit awkward, a little clumsy to say san-sen, we instead say 三千 (sanzen), 三千 (sanzen), so three thousand is 三千 (sanzen), there's a ズ (zu) sound there. |
| Okay let's continue to four thousand, 四千 (yon-sen), 四千 (yon-sen), 四千 (yon-sen), okay number five or rather five thousand, 五千 (go-sen), 五千 (go-sen), five thousands, 五千 (go-sen), next we have six thousand, 六千 (roku-sen), 六千 (roku-sen). Notice this one doesn't have a change like we saw with 六百 (roppyaku)! |
| So 六千 (roku-sen), 六千 (roku-sen), no change there, just six thousands, 六千 (roku-sen), next we have seven thousand, 七千 (nana-sen), 七千 (nana-sen), after that eight thousand, here we have another change to consider, so not hachi-sen, which is a little bit unusual, to say instead we say 八千 (hassen), 八千 (hassen), so there's this small stop, the small tsu before the 千 (sen), 八千 (hassen), so not 八千 (hachi-sen), but 八千 (hassen), 八千 (hassen), so make sure you have that stop in your pronunciation, last one then 九千 (kyū-sen), 九千 (kyū-sen), nine thousand, 九千 (kyū-sen), so as you can see again we have a couple of interesting pronunciation, some interesting words to consider here. All right so we've come to the last point then, the final large number in today's lesson is the one that means ten thousand, we use 万 (man), 万 (man), so 万 (man) means ten thousand, to express one ten thousand or literally the number ten thousand though, unlike these others that we've talked about today, we use 一 (ichi) before 万 (man), 一万 (ichi-man) means ten thousand, we cannot just say 万 (man) to mean ten thousand, which is kind of unusual right, we saw like 百 (hyaku) here and 千 (sen) here, we don't use 万 (man) usually to express just one ten thousand, when you want to express ten thousand use 一万 (ichi-man), and of course you can follow a similar pattern if you want to express twenty thousand, thirty thousand, forty thousand, follow the same pattern, so 二万 (ni-man), 三万 (san-man), 四万 (yon-man), 五万 (go-man), and so on, to make those larger numbers, so now that we know all of the vocabulary words for these numbers, let's take a look at a dialogue that focuses on some of these expressions. |
| Okay next let's take a look at a short dialogue, let's begin with a basic question, |
| これは いくら ですか。(Kore wa ikura desu ka.) which means "how much is this?" |
| これは (kore wa) "this," いくら(ikura) "how much," ですか (desu-ka) this is our verb meaning is in this case, and か(ka) making it a question. これは いくら ですか。(Kore wa ikura desu ka.) |
| The response, ろっぴゃくえん です。(Roppyaku-en desu.) which means "it's six hundred yen," so ろっぴゃく (roppyaku) six hundred, えん (en) means yen, and です (desu) "it is," so the dialogue together, |
| これは いくら ですか。(Kore wa ikura desu ka.) |
| ろっぴゃくえん です。(Roppyaku-en desu.) |
| Great let's continue on to some more examples. |
| All right next let's take a look at some example sentences that you can use to answer the question how much is this, so here are some examples that use the words we learned in today's lesson, the first example is |
| 九十円です(kyū-jū en desu), which means it's ninety yen, so here 九十 (kyū-jū) means ninety, 円 (en) means yen, and です means it is, so 九十円です (kyū-jū en desu), it's ninety yen. |
| The second example 千円です (sen en desu), so it's one thousand yen, when native speakers say this, it comes out very very quickly 千円です (sen en desu), so it sounds kind of fast I think in native speech, |
| but we don't generally say 千-円-です (sen-en-desu), rather the 千 (sen) goes together and sounds kind of like one word, it's one thousand yen, so these are expressions that you can use to reply to the question how much is this, or you might hear them in response to your question how much is this. Let's continue on to a basic pattern that you can use to reply with the price of something. |
| Now let's take a look at the basic sentence pattern that you can use to express the price of something, or that you can use when you're listening to understand the price, so here we have number 円です (en desu), number 円です (en desu), which means it's number 円, so we saw this in the example patterns, we have number 九十 (kyū-jū) or 千 (sen), and then we have 円 (en), which means yen, and we end the sentence with です (desu), meaning it is, so all together it's number Yen, it's the price in yen, so this is a very simple pattern that you can use with any of these numbers to express the price of something. |
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