Learn how to say "something has just happened" or "someone has just done something"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Kat: Kat here. A Japanese Accident Just Waiting to Happen. In this lesson, we are going to study how to say "something has just happened" or "someone has just done something." |
| Naomi: Right. Such as 食べたばかり (tabeta bakari). |
| Kat: “just ate something” |
| Naomi: 来たばかり (kita bakari) |
| Kat: “just came now”. And this conversation takes place where? |
| Naomi: がけの上です。(Gake no ue desu.) |
| Kat: On a sheer rocky cliff. And who is having this conversation? |
| Naomi: ジョシュと、知らない男の人です。(Joshu to, shiranai otoko no hito desu.) |
| Kat: So it’s between Josh and a man he doesn’t know. So Josh is speaking formal Japanese, and the man is older than Josh, so he's speaking informal Japanese. |
| Naomi: では、聞いてみましょう。(Dewa, kiite mimashō.) |
| Kat: OK. So let’s listen in. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 男 (otoko) : そこの人！危ないよ！そこは立入禁止だよ！(Sokono hito! Abunai yo! Soko wa tachiiri kinshi da yo!) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : え？(E?) |
| 男 (otoko) : 「立入禁止」って言ったの。意味わからない？("Tachiiri kinshi" tte itta no. Imi wakaranai?) |
| : 大きい看板あったでしょ。(Ōkii kanban atta desho.) |
| : あ…お客さん、外国の人？(A... O-kyaku-san, gaikoku no hito?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| 男 (otoko) : 日本に来たばかり？(Nihon ni kita bakari?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 来たばかりではないです。(Kita bakari de wa nai desu.) |
| : でも、漢字の勉強を始めたばかりなんです。(Demo, kanji no benkyō o hajimeta bakari nan desu.) |
| 男 (otoko) : あー、だから、読めなかったんだ。(Ā, dakara, yomenakatta n da.) |
| : 怒鳴って、ごめんね。でも、何してたの？(Donatte, gomen ne. Demo, nani shite ta no?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 写真をとっていました。(Shashin o totte imashita.) |
| 男 (otoko) : そこで、事故があったばかりなんだ。(Soko de, jiko ga atta bakari nan da.) |
| : だからやめたほうがいいよ。(Dakara yameta hō ga ii yo.) |
| Naomi: もう一度、会話を聞いてください。今度はゆっくり話します。(Mō ichi-do, kaiwa o kiite kudasai. Kondo wa yukkuri hanashimasu.) |
| 男 (otoko) : そこの人！危ないよ！そこは立入禁止だよ！(Sokono hito! Abunai yo! Soko wa tachiiri kinshi da yo!) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : え？(E?) |
| 男 (otoko) : 「立入禁止」って言ったの。意味わからない？("Tachiiri kinshi" tte itta no. Imi wakaranai?) |
| : 大きい看板あったでしょ。(Ōkii kanban atta desho.) |
| : あ…お客さん、外国の人？(A... O-kyaku-san, gaikoku no hito?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| 男 (otoko) : 日本に来たばかり？(Nihon ni kita bakari?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 来たばかりではないです。(Kita bakari de wa nai desu.) |
| : でも、漢字の勉強を始めたばかりなんです。(Demo, kanji no benkyō o hajimeta bakari nan desu.) |
| 男 (otoko) : あー、だから、読めなかったんだ。(Ā, dakara, yomenakatta n da.) |
| : 怒鳴って、ごめんね。でも、何してたの？(Donatte, gomen ne. Demo, nani shite ta no?) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 写真をとっていました。(Shashin o totte imashita.) |
| 男 (otoko) : そこで、事故があったばかりなんだ。(Soko de, jiko ga atta bakari nan da.) |
| : だからやめたほうがいいよ。(Dakara yameta hō ga ii yo.) |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語の訳と一緒に聞いてみましょう。(Kondo wa, Eigo no yaku to issho ni kiite mimashō.) |
| 男 (otoko) : そこの人！危ないよ！そこは立入禁止だよ！(Sokono hito! Abunai yo! Soko wa tachiiri kinshi da yo!) |
| Kat: You over there! That's dangerous! No entry! |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : え？(E?) |
| Kat: Huh? |
| 男 (otoko) : 「立入禁止」って言ったの。意味わからない？("Tachiiri kinshi" tte itta no. Imi wakaranai?) |
| Kat: I said "No entry." Do you not know what that means? |
| : 大きい看板あったでしょ。(Ōkii kanban atta desho.) |
| Kat: There was a big sign, right? |
| : あ…お客さん、外国の人？(A... O-kyaku-san, gaikoku no hito?) |
| Kat: Ah...sir, are you from abroad? |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : そうです。(Sō desu.) |
| Kat: Yes. |
| 男 (otoko) : 日本に来たばかり？(Nihon ni kita bakari?) |
| Kat: Have you just come to Japan? |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 来たばかりではないです。(Kita bakari de wa nai desu.) |
| Kat: I haven't just got here... |
| : でも、漢字の勉強を始めたばかりなんです。(Demo, kanji no benkyō o hajimeta bakari nan desu.) |
| Kat: But I've just started studying kanji. |
| 男 (otoko) : あー、だから、読めなかったんだ。(Ā, dakara, yomenakatta n da.) |
| Kat: Ah...so you couldn't read it. |
| : 怒鳴って、ごめんね。(Donatte, gomen ne.) |
| Kat: Sorry for shouting at you. |
| : でも、何してたの？(Demo, nani shite ta no?) |
| Kat: But what were you doing? |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : 写真をとっていました。(Shashin o totte imashita.) |
| Kat: I was taking photos. |
| 男 (otoko) : そこで、事故があったばかりなんだ。(Soko de, jiko ga atta bakari nan da.) |
| Kat: An accident just happened there. |
| : だからやめたほうがいいよ。(Dakara yameta hō ga ii yo.) |
| Kat: So you should probably stop doing that. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: ジョシュは海に来ているんですね。で、崖の上で写真を取っていたんですね。(Joshu wa umi ni kite iru n desu ne. De, gake no ue de shashin o totte ita n desu ne.) |
| Kat: Yes, that’s right. Josh is at the seaside, and he was taking photos on top of a cliff. それは、今日は海の日だからですか。(Sore wa, kyō wa Umi no hi da kara desu ka.) Is that because it's 海の日 (Umi no hi), Marine Day, today? |
| Naomi: あああ、そうですね。七月の三番目の月曜日は海の日ですね。(Ā, sō desu ne. Shichi-gatsu no san-ban-me no getsu-yōbi wa Umi no hi desu ne.) |
| Kat: Um. Marine Day is one of the Japanese national public holidays, and it falls on the third Monday in July every year. It's actually a pretty new holiday, isn't it? It was created quite recently. |
| Naomi: そう、そうですね。で、海の日は海に行く人が多いです。(Sō, sō desu ne. De, Umi no hi wa umi ni iku hito ga ōi desu.) |
| Kat: Ah of course. So a lot of people actually do visit beaches and enjoy the summer weather on Marine day. |
| Naomi: キャットさんが最後に海に行ったのはいつですか。(Kyatto-san ga saigo ni umi ni itta no wa itsu desu ka.) |
| Kat: Umm. 日本の海が大好きで、毎年行きますね。(Nihon no umi ga daisuki de, maitoshi ikimasu ne.) |
| Naomi: 毎年？(Maitoshi?) |
| Kat: うん。(Un.) I love the beach in Japan and I go every year! Because of course, I come from Scotland and there are not many sunny warm beaches. |
| Naomi: あー、そうか。そうなんですね。(Ā, sō ka. Sō nan desu ne.) |
| Kat: はい。えーと、今年の夏、友達と熱海というところに行ってきました。(Hai. Ēto, kotoshi no natsu, tomodachi to Atami to iu tokoro ni itte kimashita.) |
| Naomi: へぇ！(Hee!) |
| Kat: This summer I went to a place called Atami with my friends. It was really beautiful, and not too crowded actually compared to a lot of the other beaches around Tokyo which can get very crowded. And also as the bonus, the sushi at Atami is really yummy! |
| Naomi: あー、本当？(Ā, hontō?) |
| Kat: Um. So I really recommend it. |
| Naomi: 熱海の漢字、おもしろいですね。熱い海。(Atami no kanji, omoshiroi desu ne. Atsui umi.) |
| Kat: そうです。(Sō desu.) The kanji for 熱海 (Atami) actually means “hot sea”. So, you can imagine that the sea might be quite warm at 熱海 (Atami). |
| Naomi: あ～。(Ā.) |
| Kat: So, definitely go and check it out for yourselves. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kat: OK, so now, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| And the first word is: |
| Naomi: 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: Entrance Forbidden, No Entry, Keep Off! |
| Naomi: 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 始める (hajimeru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to start, to begin |
| Naomi: 始める (hajimeru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 始める (hajimeru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: やめる (yameru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to quit, to end, to stop |
| Naomi: やめる (yameru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: やめる (yameru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 看板 (kanban) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: sign, signboard, billboard |
| Naomi: 看板 (kanban) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 看板 (kanban) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And finally: |
| Naomi: 怒鳴る (donaru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to shout, to yell |
| Naomi: 怒鳴る (donaru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 怒鳴る (donaru) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Kat: Ok, so now let's have a bit closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. And what’s the first word we are going to look at today? |
| Naomi: 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) |
| Kat: “keep out”, “no entry” |
| Naomi: 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) basically means 入るな (hairu na)! |
| Kat: It means "Don't Come In!" And 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) consists of two words in Japanese, right? |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) Right. 立入 (tachiiri) |
| Kat: meaning “entering” and |
| Naomi: 禁止 (kinshi) |
| Kat: meaning “banned” or “prohibited”. |
| Naomi: You really have to check the kanji in the lesson notes, because… とても、よくみる漢字だからですね。(Totemo, yoku miru kanji da kara desu ne.) |
| Kat: Hm. See it so often in Japan. |
| Naomi: Um, yeah. It's a very common kanji compound. And if you don't know this kanji and come to Japan, there might be a chance you'll be in trouble. Just like Josh. |
| Kat: The 禁止 (kinshi), "forbidden" part in particular, is a very important one to memorize so that you avoid inadvertently doing something illegal! |
| So can we hear this word together one more time? |
| Naomi: Sure. 立入禁止 (tachiiri kinshi) |
| Kat: You also should probably memorize the next word too. |
| Naomi: 危ない (abunai) |
| Kat: “dangerous” or “danger” Isn't there another word that means "dangerous" in Japanese? |
| Naomi: ああ、「危険」？(Ā, “kiken”?) |
| Kat: Um. Yes. That's it. 危険 (kiken) also means “dangerous.” 危ない (abunai) sounds more colloquial than 危険 (kiken), right? |
| Naomi: そうですね。「危険」はよくサインで見ますね。(Sō desu ne. “Kiken” wa yoku sain de mimasu ne.) |
| Kat: Um. You'll often see this word 危険 (kiken) on signs, and in written Japanese, whereas 危ない (abunai) is a more conversational word. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 例えば「入るな。危険。」(Sō desu ne. Tatoeba “Hairuna. Kiken.”) |
| Kat: "Don't Come In! Danger!" |
| Speaking of signs, there's a word that means "sign" in the dialogue. |
| Naomi: 看板 (kanban) |
| Kat: And this means “sign” or “signboard” or “billboard.” |
| Naomi: すごく恥ずかしいんですけど、日本は看板多いですよね。(Sugoku hazukashii n desu kedo, Nihon wa kanban ōi desu yo ne.) You'll see signs and advertisement everywhere in Japan. I think it ruins the landscape. |
| Kat: Hm. That’s true, when you go to particularly popular tourist areas in Japan, even in the countryside, you can come to a crossroads in the car, for example, and there will be literally hundreds of signs in front of you like a painted tree, and just saw stacking into the ground and |
| advertising hotels, amusement areas, restaurants, service areas, onsen, everything. And of course in Tokyo everywhere you turn there's another 看板 (kanban)! |
| Naomi: そう。(Sō.) I’d like to tell them like… 看板禁止！(Kanban kinshi!) |
| Kat: (laugh) So “No more signboards!” |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kat: The focus of this lesson is how to say "something has just happened". |
| Naomi: You'll learn the usage of ばかり (bakari). |
| Kat: When ばかり (bakari) follows informal past form or -ta form of a verb, it expresses the action took place only recently or just now. |
| Naomi: The formation is “[-ta form of a verb] + ばかり (bakari).” |
| Kat: OK. So how do you say "to come" in Japanese? |
| Naomi: 来る (kuru) |
| Kat: And the -te form is? |
| Naomi: 来て (kite) |
| Kat: Change the final て (te) to た (ta) to get the -ta form. |
| Naomi: 来た (kita) |
| Kat: Attach ばかり (bakari). |
| Naomi: 来たばかり (kita bakari) |
| Kat: This means "Has just come." Can we hear a sample sentence? |
| Naomi: 私は日本に来たばかりです。(Watashi wa Nihon ni kita bakari desu.) |
| Kat: “I've just come to Japan.” OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: 私は日本に来たばかりです。(Watashi wa Nihon ni kita bakari desu.) |
| Kat: (pause) Listeners, say "I've just come to Japan." |
| Naomi: (pause) 私は日本に来たばかりです。(Watashi wa Nihon ni kita bakari desu.) |
| Kat: Let's do one more. How do you say "to exist" "to have" or "there is"? |
| Naomi: ある (aru) |
| Kat: And the informal past form or -ta form is? |
| Naomi: あった (atta) |
| Kat: Attach ばかり (bakari). |
| Naomi: あったばかり (atta bakari) |
| Here's a sample sentence. そこで事故があったばかりだ。(Soko de jiko ga atta bakari da.) |
| Kat: "An accident just happened there." OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: そこで事故があったばかりだ。(Soko de jiko ga atta bakari da.) |
| Kat: (pause) Listeners, say "An accident just happened there." |
| Naomi: (pause) そこで事故があったばかりだ。(Soko de jiko ga atta bakari da.) |
| Kat: なおみ先生、最近「ばかり」を使いましたか。(Naomi-sensei, saikin “bakari” o tsukaimashita ka.) Have you used ばかり (bakari) recently? |
| Naomi: Ah, actually… 使ったばかりです。(Tsukatta bakari desu.) |
| Kat: So you've just used ばかり (bakari)? |
| Naomi: はい。最近、バックを買いました。でも、壊れてしまいました。それで、お店に行って、「すみません、このバッグ買ったばかりなんですが...」と言いました。(Hai. Saikin, baggu o kaimashita. Demo, kowarete shimaimashita. Sorede, o-mise ni itte, “Sumimasen, kono baggu katta bakari nan desu ga…” to iimashita.) |
| Kat: Hm. So you bought a new bag, but it broke almost immediately? |
| Naomi: Hm. |
| Kat: Hm. That’s not good. So then you went back to the shop and you used ばかり (bakari) when you said "Excuse me, I just bought this bag, but..." Ah, so ばかり (bakari) is useful when you're making complaints! |
| Naomi: そうですね。キャットさんは？使いましたか、最近。(Sō desu ne. Kyatto-san wa? Tsukaimashita ka, saikin.) |
| Kat: ああ、はい、使いました。(Ā, hai, tsukaimashita.) Actually yes. 友達にランチに誘われましたが、食べたばかりです、と断りました。(Tomodachi ni ranchi ni sasowaremashita ga, tabeta bakari desu, to kotowarimashita.) |
| Naomi: あー。(Ā.) |
| Kat: So I was invited to lunch by a friend but I had to turn her down saying, I’ve just eaten. 食べたばかり。(Tabeta bakari.) |
| Naomi: ランチ食べたばかりです。(Ranchi tabeta bakari desu.) |
| Kat: Um. So that was really unfortunate. |
| Naomi: 残念。(Zannen.) |
Outro |
| Kat: OK. So that's about all we’ve got time for, for this lesson. Go to JapanesePod101.com to download lesson notes for more information. |
| Naomi: レッスンノート読んでください。(Ressun nōto yonde kudasai.) |
| Kat: So please be sure to read them. |
| Naomi: じゃ、また。(Ja, mata.) |
| Kat: See you next time. |
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