Learn how to say "during" or "while"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: なおみです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Kat: Kat here. You Got a Japanese Call While You Were Out. In this lesson you'll learn how to say "during" or "while" in Japanese. |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) You'll learn the usage of 間に (aida ni). |
| Kat: And this conversation takes place at ? |
| Naomi: 会社 (kaisha) |
| Kat: At the office. And the conversation is between three co-workers. |
| Naomi: 松田 一平さんはカジュアルに話していますが、ジョシュさんと、モエさんは丁寧に話しています。(Matsuda Ippei-san wa kajuaru ni hanashite imasu ga, Joshu-san to, Moe-san wa teinei ni hanashite imasu.) |
| Kat: So Ippei Matsuda is speaking informal Japanese or speaking casually, while Moe and Josh are speaking formal Japanese or speaking politely. |
| Naomi: では、聞いてください。(Dewa, kiite kudasai.) |
| Kat: OK. So let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : ただいま帰りました。(Tadaima kaerimashita.) |
| 松田 一平 (Matsuda Ippei) : 森野さん、外出している間に101銀行のファブリツィオさんから電話があったよ。(Morino-san, gaishutsu shite iru aida ni ichi-maru-ichi ginkō no Faburitsuio-san kara denwa ga atta yo.) |
| : 「コールバックお願いします」って。("Kōru bakku onegai shimasu" tte.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、１０１銀行ですね。ありがとうございました。(Hai, ichi-maru-ichi ginkō desu ne. Arigatō gozaimashita.) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : いない間に、ILLトラベルの左さんから電話がありました。(Inai aida ni, Ai-Eru-Eru toraberu no Hidari-san kara denwa ga arimashita.) |
| : また電話するそうです。(Mata denwa suru sō desu.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、わかりました。ふー。(Hai, wakarimashita. Fū.) |
| （カチャカチャカチャカチャ）(kachakachakachakacha) |
| : えぇ？お昼休みの間に、メールが５０件？もういや！(Ee? O-hiruyasumi no aida ni, mēru ga go-jukken? Mō iya!) |
| : 課長、給料、上げてください！(Kachō, kyūryō, agete kudasai!) |
| Naomi: もう一度、会話を聞いてください。今度はゆっくり話します。(Mō ichi-do, kaiwa o kiite kudasai. Kondo wa yukkuri hanashimasu.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : ただいま帰りました。(Tadaima kaerimashita.) |
| 松田 一平 (Matsuda Ippei) : 森野さん、外出している間に101銀行のファブリツィオさんから電話があったよ。(Morino-san, gaishutsu shite iru aida ni ichi-maru-ichi ginkō no Faburitsuio-san kara denwa ga atta yo.) |
| : 「コールバックお願いします」って。("Kōru bakku onegai shimasu" tte.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、１０１銀行ですね。ありがとうございました。(Hai, ichi-maru-ichi ginkō desu ne. Arigatō gozaimashita.) |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : いない間に、ILLトラベルの左さんから電話がありました。(Inai aida ni, Ai-Eru-Eru toraberu no Hidari-san kara denwa ga arimashita.) |
| : また電話するそうです。(Mata denwa suru sō desu.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、わかりました。ふー。(Hai, wakarimashita. Fū.) |
| : えぇ？お昼休みの間に、メールが５０件？もういや！(Ee? O-hiruyasumi no aida ni, mēru ga go-jukken? Mō iya!) |
| : 課長、給料、上げてください！(Kachō, kyūryō, agete kudasai!) |
| Naomi: 今度は、英語の訳と一緒に聞いてみましょう。(Kondo wa, Eigo no yaku to issho ni kiite mimashō.) |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : ただいま帰りました。(Tadaima kaerimashita.) |
| Kat: I'm back. |
| 松田 一平 (Matsuda Ippei) : 森野さん、外出している間に101銀行のファブリツィオさんから電話があったよ。(Morino-san, gaishutsu shite iru aida ni ichi-maru-ichi ginkō no Faburitsuio-san kara denwa ga atta yo.) |
| Kat: Ms. Morino, while you were out, you had a call from Mr. Fabrizio from 101 Bank. |
| : 「コールバックお願いします」って。("Kōru bakku onegai shimasu" tte.) |
| Kat: He asked that you call him back. |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、１０１銀行ですね。ありがとうございました。(Hai, ichi-maru-ichi ginkō desu ne. Arigatō gozaimashita.) |
| Kat: 101 Bank, right? Thank you. |
| ジョシュ (Joshu) : いない間に、ILLトラベルの左さんから電話がありました。(Inai aida ni, Ai-Eru-Eru toraberu no Hidari-san kara denwa ga arimashita.) |
| Kat: While you were gone, Mr. Hidari from ILL Travel called. |
| : また電話するそうです。(Mata denwa suru sō desu.) |
| Kat: He's apparently going to call back. |
| 森野 モエ (Morino Moe) : はい、わかりました。ふー。(Hai, wakarimashita. Fū.) |
| Kat: Alright, got it. Whew. |
| : えぇ？お昼休みの間に、メールが５０件？もういや！(Ee? O-hiruyasumi no aida ni, mēru ga go-jukken? Mō iya!) |
| Kat: Huh? Fifty emails came while I was on my lunch break? I've had enough! |
| : 課長、給料、上げてください！(Kachō, kyūryō, agete kudasai!) |
| Kat: Section Chief, give me a higher salary, please! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: もういや！(Mō iya!) Sounds so feminine. |
| Kat: (laugh) もういや！(Mō iya!) is like "I’ve fed up here with this" but if you're a man, please don't use it. Because it sounds really really feminine in Japanese. |
| Naomi: It seems Moe is stressed out. |
| Kat: Um. Definitely. She seems really busy. 忙しそうですね。(Isogashisō desu ne.) |
| Naomi: そうですね。すごいですよね。お昼休みの間に、電話が二件とメールが五十件。(Sō desu ne. Sugoi desu yo ne. O-hiruyasumi no aida ni, denwa ga ni-ken to mēru ga go-jukken.) |
| Kat: ねぇ。(Nee.) She got two phone calls and 50 emails during her lunch break. |
| Naomi: ジャンクメールじゃないんですかね。(Janku mēru ja nai n desu ka ne.) |
| Kat: Um! No junk mail. Must be real mail. Plus on top of that, she got a ticket from the police for violation of traffic law. |
| Naomi: あー、そうでしたね。だから、モエさん、機嫌が悪かったんですね。(Ā, sō deshita ne. Dakara, Moe-san, kigen ga warukatta n desu ne.) |
| Kat: Ah, so that's probably why she was in a bad mood from the beginning. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kat: Ok so now, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| And the first word is: |
| Naomi: 外出 (gaishutsu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: out, going out |
| Naomi: 外出 (gaishutsu) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 外出 (gaishutsu) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: コールバック (kōru bakku) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: call someone back |
| Naomi: コールバック (kōru bakku) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: コールバック (kōru bakku) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 件 (ken) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: matter, affair, case, counter for cases |
| Naomi: 件 (ken) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 件 (ken) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And next: |
| Naomi: 給料 (kyūryō) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: salary, pay |
| Naomi: 給料 (kyūryō) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 給料 (kyūryō) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: And finally: |
| Naomi: 上げる (ageru) [natural native speed] |
| Kat: to raise, to elevate |
| Naomi: 上げる (ageru) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Naomi: 上げる (ageru) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Kat: Alright. So now, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. And what's the first one we are going to look at today? |
| Naomi: って (tte) |
| Kat: って？(tte?) |
| Naomi: Right. Informal quotation marker ,って (tte). |
| Kat: So in Japanese, “someone said something something something” is なになになに と 言っていた (nani nani nani to itte ita.). For example "Someone said that it’s going to rain" is |
| Naomi: 雨が降ると言っていた。(Ame ga furu to itte ita.) |
| Kat: This quotation marker と (to) becomes って (tte) in a conversation. |
| Naomi: 雨が降るって言っていた。(Ame ga furu tte itte ita.) |
| Kat: And sometimes, the 言っていた (itte ita) is omitted and is just said. |
| Naomi: 雨が降るって。(Ame ga furu tte.) |
| Kat: So in the dialogue, Ippei said |
| Naomi: 「コールバックお願いします」って。(“Kōru bakku onegai shimasu” tte.) |
| Kat: “He said to ask for you to call him back.” And actually the next word we are going to be looking at is? |
| Naomi: コールバック (kōru bakku) |
| Kat: “to call someone back” |
| Naomi: The verb かけなおす (kakenaosu) is also "to call someone back." But I think コールバック (kōru bakku) is easier to remember. |
| Kat: Um. Particularly it’s quite similar to English to call-back. So, if you want to say "Please call me back" when leaving a message for somebody in Japanese, you'd say... |
| Naomi: コールバックお願いします。(Kōru bakku onegai shimasu.) |
| Kat: “Please call me back.” Now, if someone wants to call you while you have something more pressing to do with, you could say…? |
| Naomi: すみません。後で、コールバックします。(Sumimasen. Ato de, kōru bakku shimasu.) |
| Kat: "I'm sorry but I'll call you back later." |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kat: The focus of this lesson is how to say "while" or “during” in Japanese. |
| Naomi: そうです。(Sō desu.) You'll learn the usage of 間に (aida ni). |
| First, let's learn how to say "during such and such." |
| Kat: Ok, so here's the first rule. |
| When 間に (aida ni) follows a noun, the particle の (no) is inserted before it. Let us show you with an example. How do you say "lunch break"? |
| Naomi: 昼休み (hiruyasumi) |
| Kat: So add の (no) to it. |
| Naomi: 昼休みの (hiruyasumi no) |
| Kat: attach 間に (aida ni). |
| Naomi: 昼休みの間に (hiruyasumi no aida ni) |
| Kat: And that means “during lunch break.” |
| Naomi: 夏 (natsu) is “summer”, so 夏の間に (natsu no aida ni) is |
| Kat: “during summer” |
| Naomi: 冬 (fuyu) is “winter” so 冬の間に (fuyu no aida ni) is |
| Kat: “during winter” OK. Naomi-sensei, can we have a sample sentence, please? |
| Naomi: はい。 昼休みの間に銀行に行った。(Hai. Hiruyasumi no aida ni ginkō ni itta.) |
| Kat: “I went to the bank during the lunch break.” Listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: 昼休みの間に銀行に行った。(Hiruyasumi no aida ni ginkō ni itta.) |
| Kat: (pause) OK. So now, we are going to introduce the next rule. |
| Naomi: Next, let's learn how to say "While someone is doing something" |
| Kat: When the present progressive form precedes 間に (aida ni), it means "while someone is doing something." The formation is "the -te form of a verb + いる (iru) + 間に (aida ni)". |
| Let us show you with some examples. Now how do you say "to sleep", Naomi-sensei? |
| Naomi: 寝る (neru) |
| Kat: And how do you say "sleeping" as in "someone is sleeping"? |
| Naomi: 寝ている (nete iru) |
| Kat: add 間に (aida ni). |
| Naomi: 寝ている間に (nete iru aida ni) |
| Kat: "While sleeping" |
| Naomi: 例えば、読むは to read ですね。じゃ、「読んでいる間に」は？(Tatoeba, yomu wa “to read” desu ne. Ja, “yonde iru aida ni” wa?”) |
| Kat: “while reading.” Can we have a sample sentence again? |
| Naomi: はい。私は本を読んでいる間に漢字を覚えた。(Hai. Watashi wa hon o yonde iru aida ni kanji o oboeta.) |
| Kat: “While I was reading, I learned some new Kanji.” |
| OK. Listeners, listen and repeat. |
| Naomi: 私は本を読んでいる間に漢字を覚えた。(Watashi wa hon o yonde iru aida ni kanji o oboeta.) |
| (pause) ところでキャットさん。夜行バスを使ったことがありますか。(Tokorode Kyatto-san. Yakō basu o tsukatta koto ga arimasu ka.) Speaking of 〜ている間に (-te iru aida ni), have you ever taken 夜行バス (yakō basu) in Japan? |
| Kat: 夜行バス？(Yakō basu?) Overnight buses? Naomi-sensei, I am probably the 夜行バス (yakō basu)'s best customer in Japan!! I've been to Kyoto, Osaka, Nagano got to go skiing all from Tokyo on the 夜行バス (yakō basu), a night bus. |
| Naomi: すごーい。エキスパートですね。寝ている間に、目的地に行くことができますよね～。(Sugōi. Ekisupāto desu ne. Nete iru aida ni, mokutekichi ni iku koto ga dekimasu yo nē.) |
| Kat: うん。(Un.) You can go to your 目的地 (mokutekichi) or destination. while you're sleeping on the night bus. |
| Naomi: お金と時間があまりない人にはとてもいいです。(O-kane to jikan ga amari nai hito ni wa totemo ii desu.) |
| Kat: 私のことですね。(Watashi no koto desu ne.) Me. You are talking about me. |
| Naomi: No no. (laugh) |
| Kat: Yes that’s right. A night bus is great for the people who don’t have much money or even much time to go and get a different type of transport during the afternoon. |
| Naomi: キャットさんの国には、夜行バスはあるんですか。(Kyatto-san no kuni ni wa, yakō basu wa aru n desu ka.) |
| Kat: ありますね。(Arimasu ne.) We do have night buses in the UK as well, yes. |
| Naomi: 危ないですか。危なくないですか。(Abunai desu ka. Abunakunai desu ka.) |
| Kat: ちょっと… やっぱりちょっと危ないですね。(Chotto… yappari chotto abunai desu ne.) As you expected, it’s a little bit dangerous. So, if you go by yourself, it’s probably not the best idea. |
| Naomi: 日本の夜行バスは、そんなに危なくないですよね。(Nihon no yakō basu wa, sonna ni abunakunai desu yo ne.) |
| Kat: いや、全然危なくないですね。(Iya, zenzen abunakunai desu ne.) The Japanese night buses aren’t dangerous at all, I don’t think. You can really relax and just go to sleep the whole time. |
| Naomi: 寝ている間にお財布とかとられないので、大丈夫です。(Nete iru aida ni o-saifu toka torarenai node, daijōbu desu.) |
| Kat: 大丈夫だと思います。(Daijōbu da to omoimasu.) So, no one will take your wallet while you are sleeping not in Japan anyway. |
| Naomi: 私も学生のとき夜行バスでスキーやスノーボードに行ったことがありますね。(Watashi mo gakusei no toki yakō basu de sukī ya sunōbōdo ni itta koto ga arimasu ne.) |
| Kat: Ah! So when you were a student you took the night bus to go skiing and snowboarding? |
| Naomi: うん、そうです。(Un, sō desu.) |
| Kat: Lots of people do that. Actually, you see lots of people holding skis, snowboards or things on these buses. |
| Naomi: だって、安いんだもん。(Datte, yasui n da mon.) |
| Kat: It’s so cheap. You just can’t help it. Ok. So I think that's all about it for this lesson. |
| Naomi: レッスンノートPDFを読んでおいてくださいね。(Ressun nōto pīdīefu o yonde oite kudasai ne.) |
| Kat: See you next time. |
| Naomi: じゃ、また。(Ja, mata.) |
Outro |
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