Learn to use these Japanese words to ask all sorts of questions and give appropriate responses
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: 直美です。 (Naomidesu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Asking For and Giving Permission.Now in the previous lesson, Raizo, Miyu’s father came home with a very eligible bachelor Yukio and Naomi Sensei, I think he wants his daughter to marry Yukio right? |
| Naomi: Right. |
| Peter: Now Yukio and Miyu introduce themselves and now they are in the living room and Miyu is offering something to drink. |
| Naomi: The focus of this lesson is てもいいですか。 (Te mo īdesu ka.) |
| Peter: Which is used for asking permission. |
| Naomi: And てはいけません。 (Te wa ikemasen.) |
| Peter: Which is used for denying permission. |
| Naomi: This conversation takes place at 天道さんのうちのリビングルーム。 (Tendō-san no uchi no ribingurūmu.) |
| Peter: The Living room at the Tendo’s place. This conversation is mainly between Miyu and Yukio. So you will hear |
| Naomi: Formal Japanese. |
| Peter: Okay let’s listen to today’s conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| (リビング) ((ribingu)) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): 雪男さん、お飲み物は何にしますか。 (Yukio-san, o-nomimono wa nani ni shimasu ka.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、じゃぁ、冷たいビールを もらってもいいですか。 (A, jā, tsumetai bīru o moratte mo ii desu ka.) |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): え、でも、車で帰りますよね。 じゃ、ビールを 飲んでは いけませんよね。 (E, demo, kuruma de kaerimasu yo ne. Jā, bīru o nonde wa ikemasen yo ne.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、ははは。そう。そうですよね。いけませんね。ははは。美雨ちゃんは 真面目だな。じゃ、タバコを すってもいいですか。 (A, hahaha. Sō. Sō desu yo ne. Ikemasen ne. Hahaha. Miu-chan wa majime da na. Jā, tabako o sutte mo ii desu ka.) |
| 天道 雷三: あ、どうぞ。どうぞ。おーい。灰皿ある? (A, dōzo. Dōzo. Ōi。haizara aru？) |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): すみませんが、タバコは ちょっと...。 (Sumimasen ga, tabako wa chotto....) そこのベランダで すってください。 (Soko no beranda de sutte kudasai.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): え? (E?) |
| もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくり、お願いします。 (Mōichido, onegaishimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri, onegaishimasu.) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): 雪男さん、お飲み物は何にしますか。 (Yukio-san, o-nomimono wa nani ni shimasu ka.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、じゃぁ、冷たいビールを もらってもいいですか。 (A, jā, tsumetai bīru o moratte mo ii desu ka.) |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): え、でも、車で帰りますよね。 じゃ、ビールを 飲んでは いけませんよね。 (E, demo, kuruma de kaerimasu yo ne. Jā, bīru o nonde wa ikemasen yo ne.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、ははは。そう。そうですよね。いけませんね。ははは。美雨ちゃんは 真面目だな。じゃ、タバコを すってもいいですか。 (A, hahaha. Sō. Sō desu yo ne. Ikemasen ne. Hahaha. Miu-chan wa majime da na. Jā, tabako o sutte mo ii desu ka.) |
| 天道 雷三: あ、どうぞ。どうぞ。おーい。灰皿ある? (A, dōzo. Dōzo. Ōi。haizara aru？) |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): すみませんが、タバコは ちょっと...。 (Sumimasen ga, tabako wa chotto....) そこのベランダで すってください。 (Soko no beranda de sutte kudasai.) |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): え? (E?) |
| 今度は、英語が入ります。 (Kondo wa, eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| (リビング) ((ribingu)) |
| (Living room) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): 雪男さん、お飲み物は何にしますか。 (Yukio-san, o-nomimono wa nani ni shimasu ka.) |
| TENDO KIRI: Yukio-san, what would you like to drink? |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、じゃぁ、冷たいビールを もらってもいいですか。 (A, jā, tsumetai bīru o moratte mo ii desu ka.) |
| YAMAKAWA YUKIO: Oh, let's see, may I have a cold beer? |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): え、でも、車で帰りますよね。 じゃ、ビールを 飲んでは いけませんよね。 (E, demo, kuruma de kaerimasu yo ne. Jā, bīru o nonde wa ikemasen yo ne.) |
| TENDO MIU: But, you're driving home right? So, you can't drink beer. |
| 山川 雪男 (Yamakawa Yukio): あ、ははは。そう。そうですよね。いけませんね。 (A, hahaha. Sō. Sō desu yo ne. Ikemasen ne.) |
| YAMAKAWA YUKIO: Oh, hahaha. Right. That's right. That's no good. |
| ははは。美雨ちゃんは 真面目だな。 (Hahaha. Miu-chan wa majime da na.) |
| Hahaha. You're a serious girl, Miu-chan. |
| じゃ、タバコを すってもいいですか。 (Jā, tabako o sutte mo ii desu ka.) |
| Then, do you mind if I smoke? |
| 天道 雷三: あ、どうぞ。どうぞ。 (A, dōzo. Dōzo.) |
| TENDO RAIZOU: Oh, go ahead, please. |
| おーい。灰皿ある? (Ōi。haizara aru？) |
| Hey, do we have an ashtray somewhere? |
| 天道 美雨 (Tendō Miu): すみませんが、タバコは ちょっと...。 (Sumimasen ga, tabako wa chotto....) |
| TENDO MIU: I'm sorry, but... |
| そこのベランダで すってください。 (Soko no beranda de sutte kudasai.) |
| please smoke out on the veranda. |
| 山川 雪男: え? (E?) |
| YAMAKAWA YUKIO: Huh? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Naomi: Miyu wasn’t so friendly. Was she? |
| Peter: どうでしょうか。 (Dōdeshou ka.) I think it’s interesting that you say that. |
| Naomi: なんで？ (Nande?) |
| Peter: Because I think it’s kind of a cultural thing. |
| Naomi: あ、そうかもね。 (A,-sō kamo ne.) |
| Peter: So umm to ask somebody to smoke outside is not so I guess impolite in the US. |
| Naomi: あ、そう？ (A,-sō?) |
| Peter: Where most of the time they may volunteer to do it outside. |
| Naomi: I see |
| Peter: But of course, this depends on the household but yeah I think in Japan, it’s pretty much accepted that if someone smokes, it’s… |
| Naomi: Yeah. |
| Peter: どうでしょうね。 (Dōdeshou ne.) Can we even say that anymore? I don’t know, I am confused. |
| Naomi: うーん、わかんないけど。 (U ̄ n, wakan'naikedo.) Nobody smokes in my family but if somebody visited us and asks if they can smoke, we say, yeah please go ahead. |
| Peter: すみません、直美さん。吸ってもいいですか。 (Sumimasen, Naomi-san. Sutte mo īdesu ka.) |
| Naomi: あ、どうぞどうぞ。 (A, dōzo dōzo.) But honestly I don’t want them to smoke. |
| Peter: Honestly you want to say something like Miyu Chan said which was |
| Naomi: 外で吸ってください。 (Soto de sutte kudasai.) |
| Peter: So please smoke outside and the beer question isn’t too bad either. You know like, hey aren’t you driving? |
| Naomi: ああ、そうね。 (Ā, sōne.) Yeah drinking and driving, it’s getting stricter and stricter in Japan. |
| Peter: Yeah I remember when I first came here, it wasn’t that strict but now it’s pretty strict. |
| Naomi: そう。すごい厳しいです。 (Sō. Sugoi kibishīdesu.) |
| Peter: And I think there are even fines for people in the car even if you are not driving. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) |
| Peter: とてもいいですね。 (Totemo īdesu ne.) |
| Naomi: それはいいことですね。 (Sore wa ī kotodesu ne.) I think that’s a good thing though. |
| Peter: Me too. Okay let’s take a look at today’s vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Naomi Sensei お願いします。 (Onegaishimasu.) |
| Naomi: もらう (morau) |
| Peter: To receive, to get. |
| Naomi: (slow)もらう (morau) (natural speed) もらう (morau) |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 真面目 (majime) |
| Peter: Serious. |
| Naomi: (slow)まじめ (majime) (natural speed) 真面目 (majime) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: たばこ (tabako) |
| Peter: Cigarettes, tobacco. |
| Naomi: (slow)たばこ (tabako) (natural speed) たばこ (tabako) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 灰皿 (haizara) |
| Peter: Ashtray. |
| Naomi: (slow)はいざら (Hai zara) (natural speed) 灰皿 (haizara) |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 吸う (Suu) |
| Peter: To smoke. |
| Naomi: (slow)すう (Sū) (natural speed) 吸う (Suu) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Naomi Sensei, what do we have first? |
| Naomi: 吸う (Suu) |
| Peter: To smoke. |
| Naomi: Actually 吸う (Suu) is not really smoke. It’s more like to inhale something. |
| Peter: Like that. |
| Naomi: そうそうそう。 (Sō sō sō.) So you need an object such as tobacco. タバコを吸う。 (Tabakowosuu.) |
| Peter: To smoke cigarettes or actually to inhale cigarettes. So we have タバコ (Tabako) followed by the object marker |
| Naomi: を (O) |
| Peter: And the verb |
| Naomi: 吸う (Suu) |
| Peter: To inhale. |
| Naomi: In English, you don’t usually put an object right when you say like smoke. |
| Peter: I don’t know it depends. Do you smoke? Yeah I smoke cigarettes. |
| Naomi: Okay in Japanese, you always need an object. |
| Peter: So what about if you want to ask somebody, do you smoke? |
| Naomi: Just add か (Ka) at the end of the sentence. |
| Peter: That’s why I love Japanese. It’s really, really convenient. |
| Naomi: そうね。 (Sō ne) |
| Peter: For asking questions. Can you give us that? |
| Naomi: タバコを吸いますか？ (Tabako o suimasu ka?) |
| Peter: Do you smoke and of course, here the listener can infer that you is in the sentence. |
| Naomi: あなたは (Anata wa) is omitted. |
| Peter: Yeah it’s a little direct and we keep going back to this that Japanese is kind of roundabout and a bit vague. So rather than あなたはタバコを吸いますか (Anata wa tabako o suimasu ka) because when you are saying it, you are looking at the person. So it sounds a little unnatural. |
| Naomi: Right. If you really want to put the subject, I recommend you to put the person’s name. For example, ピーターさんはタバコを吸いますか？ (Pītā-san wa tabako o suimasu ka?) |
| Peter: Yeah and that sounds much more natural. So when Yukio was asked if he can smoke in the living room, what did Miyu say? |
| Naomi: すみませんが、タバコはちょっと。 (Sumimasen ga, tabako wa chotto.) |
| Peter: So and the literal translation here is, I am sorry but smoking is a little…but this is because in general saying no is considered kind of informal or a bit too direct in Japanese culture. So the phrase すみませんが (Sumimasenga) and something, something はちょっと (Wa chotto) is really useful for when you want to express that you don’t want someone to do something. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) We kind of touched on this phrase in Nihongo Dojo Style You and Beyond Five. |
| Peter: So if you have a chance, listen to that lesson. And Naomi Sensei, you know what else I kind of noticed when I was – when we were going through the vocabulary words. |
| Naomi: なになに？ (Nani nani?) |
| Peter: What’s the word for Ashtray? |
| Naomi: 灰皿 (Haizara) |
| Peter: Now if you look at the kanji for this and I just noticed this now. What is the kanji for 灰? (Hai?) |
| Naomi: Ash. |
| Peter: And it’s also used as a color. |
| Naomi: Ah gray. |
| Peter: Gray and then the second character is |
| Naomi: Tray or dish. |
| Peter: So ash dish or gray dish. It kind of never hit me. That’s where that color kind of comes from, the ash, the gray. |
| Naomi: そうですね。面白いですね。 (Sōdesu ne. Omoshiroidesu ne.) That’s very interesting. |
| Peter: Okay on to the grammar section. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: In this lesson, we have two grammar points which use the te form of a verb. The first one is |
| Naomi: Te form of a verb plus も、いいですか？ (Mo, īdesu ka?) |
| Peter: May I do and |
| Naomi: Te form of a verb plus は、いけません。 (Wa, ikemasen.) |
| Peter: You may not do. Now in this dialogue, we had |
| Naomi: タバコを吸ってもいいですか。 (Tabako o sutte mo īdesu ka.) |
| Peter: And てもいいです (Te mo īdesu) means you may and it’s used for giving permission. So when you add the sentence ending particle か (Ka) to it, it’s asking for permission saying may I do this てもいいですか (Te mo īdesu ka). May I do this something, something? Let’s explain with a couple of examples. Naomi Sensei, let’s take a look at a verb, pick a verb, any verb. |
| Naomi: Okay 入る。 (Hairu.) |
| Peter: To enter. Now this is a class I verb. So can we have the te form? |
| Naomi: 入って (Haitte) |
| Peter: Okay and this is just the te form. Now when we add the もいいですか。 (Mo īdesu ka.) |
| Naomi: 入ってもいいですか？ (Haitte mo īdesu ka?) |
| Peter: May I enter. Let’s take a look at the verb |
| Naomi: 吸う (Suu) |
| Peter: To inhale, to smoke. Te form is |
| Naomi: 吸って (Sutte) |
| Peter: Then we add |
| Naomi: 吸ってもいいですか？ (Sutte mo īdesu ka?) |
| Peter: May I smoke? |
| Naomi: Yeah but remember we need an object. So that should be タバコを吸ってもいいですか。 (Tabako o sutte mo īdesu ka.) |
| Peter: May I smoke. So again this grammar point is based off the te form of a verb and then to it we add もいい (Mo ī). The next grammar point we are going to look at also uses the te form but here what we follow the te form with is a bit different. |
| Naomi: は、いけません。 (Wa, ikemasen.) |
| Peter: You may not do and this grammar point is used for showing prohibition, you can’t. |
| Naomi: 入る (Hairu) |
| Peter: To enter. |
| Naomi: So 入ってはいけません。 (Haitte wa ikemasen.) |
| Peter: You may not enter. You can’t enter. |
| Naomi: 飲む (Nomu) is to drink. 飲んで (Nonde) is its te form. So in today’s dialogue, we had 飲んではいけません。 (Nonde wa ikemasen.) |
| Peter: You may not drink the beer. You shouldn’t drink a beer. So let’s just review today’s grammar point one more time. First we have |
| Naomi: てもいいですか。 (Te mo īdesu ka.) |
| Peter: May I and again this もいいですか (Mo īdesu ka) you can attach the te form of any verb. 食べてもいいですか？ (Tabete mo īdesu ka?) May I eat? 飲んでもいいですか？ (Nonde mo īdesu ka?) May I drink? |
| Naomi: 行ってもいいですか。 (Itte mo īdesu ka.) |
| Peter: May I go? And on the other side, we have |
| Naomi: てはいけません (Te wa ikemasen) |
| Peter: The はいけません (Wa ikemasen) can be attached or basically you follow the te form of any verb. 食べてはいけません。 (Tabete wa ikemasen.) You can’t eat. |
| Naomi: 飲んではいけません。(Nonde wa ikemasen) |
| Peter: You can’t drink. |
| Naomi: タバコを吸ってはいけません。 (Tabako o sutte wa ikemasen.) |
| Peter: You can’t smoke. |
Outro |
| Peter: That’s going to do for today. |
| Naomi: じゃ、また。 (Ja, mata.) |
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