Learn about talking about you or someone else having to do something
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: ナオミです。(Naomi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Permission to Marry Your Daughter II. |
| Naomi: 結婚を許してください。 (Kekkon o yurushite kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please allow me to marry [somebody]. Okay, we are back and this is a continuation of the previous episode where the boyfriend asked his girlfriend’s father for permission to marry. |
| Naomi: Boyfriend, the 彼氏 (kareshi ) said 結婚させてください (kekkon sa sete kudasai). |
| Peter: Please allow me to marry your daughter. |
| Naomi: But お父さん (o-tō-san) the father was quite upset and he said, 何を言っているんだ (Nani o itte iru nda)! |
| Peter: “What are you talking about?” because he probably thinks they are too young. |
| Naomi: 彼氏 (kareshi) and 彼女 (kanojo) are both 学生 (gakusei). |
| Peter: Yeah I think they are definitely too young. |
| Naomi: うん、そうね。 (Un, sō ne.) |
| Peter: If you haven’t been to like Naomi-sensei, all I know もし、私がお父さんだったら怒りますよ (moshi, watashi ga o-tō-san dattara okorimasu yo). I’d be angry too. |
| Naomi: 学生はダメですか？ 結婚。 (Gakusei wa dame desu ka? Kekkon.) |
| Peter: ダメです。 (Dame desu.) |
| Naomi: When you got married, weren’t you a student? |
| Peter: That’s not the point, Naomi. |
| Naomi: Right. You did 学生結婚ですよね (gakusei kekkon desu yo ne?) Peter-san. |
| Peter: Okay. What is today’s grammar point focus? |
| Naomi: 今日は「話さなければならない」。 (Kyō wa `hanasanakereba naranai'.) |
| Peter: I have to talk to you. I have to tell you. |
| Naomi: Sounds scary. |
| Peter: Yeah nothing good comes from this expression in any language. We have to talk. |
| Naomi: 話さなければ成りません。 (Hanasanakereba narimasen.) |
| Peter: Okay. Now the conversation is between. |
| Naomi: 彼女 (kanojo)、彼氏 (kareshi) and お父さん (o-tō-san). |
| Peter: So continuation of the previous conversation. With that said, this time pay attention to the boyfriend and the tone he’s using and the politeness level he is using. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 彼女:実はお父さん、話さなければいけないことがあるの。 |
| Kanojo: Jitsu wa o-tō-san, hanasanakereba ikenai koto ga aru no. |
| 彼氏:おい、ちょ……待てって。それは俺から言うから。 |
| Kareshi: Oi, cho, matte tte... sore wa ore kara iu kara. |
| 彼女:いいえ、私に言わせて。お父さん、今まで黙ってたけど。 |
| Kanojo: Iie, watashi ni iwasete. o-tō-san, ima made damatte ta kedo. |
| お父さん:お前なんかに、娘はやらんぞ！！ |
| o-tō-san: Omae nanka ni, musume wa yaran zo!! |
| 彼女:もう、一緒に家を買ったの。だから、結婚させてください！ |
| Kanojo:Mō, issho ni ie o katta no. Dakara, kekkon sasete kudasai! |
| お父さん:マジで！？ ほんとに？ うっそー！そりゃないよー。 |
| o-tō-san: Maji de!? Hontō ni? Ussō! Soryā nai yō. |
| Naomi: もう一度お願いします。今度はゆっくりお願いします。 |
| (Mōichido onegaishimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri onegaishimasu.) |
| 彼女:実はお父さん、話さなければいけないことがあるの。 |
| Kanojo: Jitsu wa o-tō-san, hanasanakereba ikenai koto ga aru no. |
| 彼氏:おい、ちょ……待てって。それは俺から言うから。 |
| Kareshi: Oi, cho, matte tte... sore wa ore kara iu kara. |
| 彼女:いいえ、私に言わせて。お父さん、今まで黙ってたけど。 |
| Kanojo: Iie, watashi ni iwasete. o-tō-san, ima made damatte ta kedo. |
| お父さん:お前なんかに、娘はやらんぞ！！ |
| o-tō-san: Omae nanka ni, musume wa yaran zo!! |
| 彼女:もう、一緒に家を買ったの。だから、結婚させてください！ |
| Kanojo:Mō, issho ni ie o katta no. Dakara, kekkon sasete kudasai! |
| お父さん:マジで！？ ほんとに？ うっそー！そりゃないよー。 |
| o-tō-san: Maji de!? Hontō ni? Ussō! Soryā nai yō. |
| Naomi: 今度は英語が入ります。 |
| (Kondo wa eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 彼女:実はお父さん、話さなければいけないことがあるの。 |
| Kanojo: Jitsu wa o-tō-san, hanasanakereba ikenai koto ga aru no. |
| Girlfriend: Dad, I have to tell you this. |
| 彼氏:おい、ちょ……待てって。それは俺から言うから。 |
| Kareshi: Oi, cho, matte tte... sore wa ore kara iu kara. |
| Boyfriend: Wait, I'm gonna tell him that. |
| 彼女:いいえ、私に言わせて。お父さん、今まで黙ってたけど。 |
| Kanojo: Iie, watashi ni iwasete. o-tō-san, ima made damatte ta kedo. |
| Girlfriend: No, let me do it. Dad, I was trying to keep this secret, but.... |
| お父さん:お前なんかに、娘はやらんぞ！！ |
| o-tō-san: Omae nanka ni, musume wa yaran zo!! |
| Dad: I'll never give you my daughter! |
| 彼女:もう、一緒に家を買ったの。だから、結婚させてください！ |
| Kanojo:Mō, issho ni ie o katta no. Dakara, kekkon sasete kudasai! |
| Girl: We've already bought a house. So let us get together! |
| お父さん:マジで！？ ほんとに？ うっそー！そりゃないよー。 |
| o-tō-san: Maji de!? Hontō ni? Ussō! Soryā nai yō. |
| Dad: Are you kidding me? Really? No way! I can't believe it. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: Naomi-sensei いいニュースですか？ あれは、悪いニュースですか (ii nyūsu desu ka? Are wa, warui nyūsu desu ka)? |
| Naomi: うーん、いいニュースなんじゃないですか？ (Ūn, ī nyūsuna n janai desu ka?) They have already bought a house. That’s impressive. |
| Peter: It’s unbelievable. |
| Naomi: ねえ。 (Nē.) They are still 学生 (gakusei). |
| Peter: Most people start out with something much smaller. They went right to a house. |
| Naomi: そうですね。お金持ちですね。 (Sō desu ne. Okane mochi desu ne) |
| Peter: The good life. So they can afford to get married. Let’s take a look at the vocab. Naomi-sensei, what do we have first? |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Naomi: 実は (jitsuwa) |
| Peter: As a matter of fact, by the way. |
| Naomi: じ・つ・は「実は」 (jitsu wa `jitsu wa) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 黙る (jitsu wa `jitsuwa') |
| Peter: To be silent. |
| Naomi: だ・ま・る「黙る」 (da maru `damaru') |
| Peter: Strong word. So be careful with this one. |
| Naomi: If you say 黙れ (damare), that’s “shut up.” |
| Peter: More than that, “shut the heck up” and use your imagination to add a couple of degrees to that. So, fighting words. |
| Naomi: 黙れ！ (Damare!) |
| Peter: Next we have |
| Naomi: なんか (nanka) |
| Peter: Something like. |
| Naomi: な・ん・か「なんか」 (Na n ka `nanka') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: やる (Yaru) |
| Peter: “To do” or “to give.” |
| Naomi: To give something to a person who is of lower social position. |
| Peter: Yeah. We will take a look at this in a bit but yeah this is something quite interesting. Next we have |
| Naomi: 娘 (musume) |
| Peter: Daughter. |
| Naomi: む・す・め「娘」 (Mu su-me `musume') |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Okay. Let’s take a closer look at some of these words. Now as we mentioned, we are going to give you one more warning ご注意ください (go chūi kudasai) like please pay attention that 黙る (damaru) is a very strong word and even something like 黙ってください (damatte kudasai) is kind of nasty. |
| Naomi: It is. |
| Peter: It means like keep your mouth shut unless you have something nice to say 黙ってください (damatte kudasai). |
| Naomi: Shut up please みたいな感じね (mitaina kanji ne). |
| Peter: So 黙る (damaru) is the verb “to shut your face.” So very strong. You definitely want to watch out for this one. Try to just notice this in anime or manga or movies. Again, this is one for you to know for observing, not for using. |
| Naomi: I don’t think I’ve used that word in my daily life. |
| Peter: I use it with really good friends like best friends. |
| Naomi: Yeah, yeah… |
| Peter: In a joking manner. |
| Naomi: そうね。 (Sō ne.) Guys use it a lot but not usually girls. |
| Peter: And I would never use it outside my close inner circle unless I was feeling very aggressive. Next we have なんか (nanka). Now this of course can mean something なんか食べたい (nanka tabetai) like something but in this case, it’s used as a filler. It can be used as something. It can also be used as a filler なんか (nanka) and to bide yourself some time. Some people have probably not the best habit of adding なんか (nanka) in between words and phrases. This here is a different use and it means “something like.” What do we have in the conversation? |
| Naomi: おまえなんかに (Omae nanka ni) |
| Peter: So “something like you.” I like this expression. So what comes before the なんかに (nanka ni) is the “something like.” |
| Naomi: Usually noun, the noun comes before なんか (nanka). |
| Peter: And of course おまえ (omae) is a very derogatory way to refer to someone you are speaking with. So yeah, it’s not a very flattering phrase おまえなんかに (omae nanka ni) something like you. |
| Naomi: ジャンクフードなんか食べないよ。 (Jankufūdo nanka tabenai yo.) |
| Peter: I don’t or I won’t eat something like junk food. |
| Naomi: 女なんか嫌いだよ。 (On'na nanka kirai da yo.) |
| Peter: “I hate girls.” |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Okay, let’s take a look at the grammar point. Naomi-sensei, again we are talking about? |
| Naomi: なければいけない (Nakereba ikenai) |
| Peter: “Have to.” Now the phrase なければいけない (nakereba ikenai) which consists of |
| Naomi: なければ (nakereba) |
| Peter: Which is the conditional for the negative form of a verb and the phrase |
| Naomi: いけない (ikenai). |
| Peter: So なければ (nakereba) actually originates from ない (nai) . So we have ない (nai) we drop the い (i) and to that, we add |
| Naomi: ければ (kereba) |
| Peter: And いけない (ikenai) is a separate phrase meaning “can’t.” So this double negative structure results in a pattern roughly equivalent to “have to do something” or “must do something.” Literally, we have “it can’t be that this is not.” “If this is not, it can’t be.” So the two negatives equal “has to, must.” Let’s take a look at a sample from today’s conversation. |
| Naomi: 話さなければいけないことがある。 (Hanasanakereba ikenai koto ga aru.) |
| Peter: “I have something that I have to tell you,” “I have something that I have to talk about.” Let’s start out with the verb. What gets conjugated here is, “I have to say something, I have to talk.” So let’s start out with the verb, what do we have? |
| Naomi: 話す (hanasu) |
| Peter: So the negative stem |
| Naomi: 話さ (hanasa) |
| Peter: To this we add. |
| Naomi: なければ (nakereba) |
| Peter: Which literally means, which means something equivalent to, “if I don’t speak.” We don’t know what the subject here is, but if the subject is I, “if I don’t speak,” “if I don’t say.” We follow this with |
| Naomi: いけない (ikenai) |
| Peter: “If I don’t say, it can’t be. I have to say, I must say.” |
| Naomi: ことがある (koto ga aru) |
| Peter: “Thing, there is.” So literally “there is a thing I have to say.” “There is something I must talk to you about.” Now as you mentioned in a recent lesson, this なければ (nakereba) can be contracted. |
| Naomi: なきゃ (nakya) |
| Peter: So なきゃ (nakya) becomes |
| Naomi: なきゃ (nakya) |
| Peter: So to say 話さなければいけない (hanasanakereba ikenai) |
| Naomi: 話さなきゃいけない (hanasanakya ikenai) |
| Peter: Shortens it up. Now inside the PDF, we have a detailed write up of this construction. You definitely want to stop by and pick up this construction, “have to do something” is something we are going to use over and over. It’s a very high frequency phrase. “I have to go to work.” |
| Naomi: 仕事に行かなければならない。 (Shigoto ni ikanakereba naranai.) |
| Peter: Notice how Naomi switched in ならない。いけない、ならない (Naranai. Ikenai, naranai) both the same. “If this doesn’t happen, it can’t be.” |
| Naomi: そうですね。ならない (Sō desu ne. Naranai) sounds rather formal but “I have to say” いけない、ならない (ikenai, naranai) pretty much the same. |
| Peter: Same meaning, “have to, must.” Again it’s all in the PDF. If you get a PDF, this is the PDF to pick up to learn how to say you have to do something or you must do something. 今日、仕事へ行かなければならないです。 (Kyō, shigoto e ikanakereba naranai desu.)”I have to go to work today.” |
| Naomi: もう、オフィスに帰らなければいけないですね。 (Mō, ofisu ni kaeranakereba ikenai desu ne.) |
| Peter: “I have to go back to the office.” T |
Outro |
| Peter: That’s going to do for today. |
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