Learn about making the adverbial form of adjectives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sakura: さくらです。 (Sakura desu.) |
| Yoshi: よしです。 (Yoshi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Sakura-san, oh that laugh. Maybe we will play that like sporadically throughout the episode. |
| Sakura: やめてください。 (Yamete kudasai.) Please don’t. |
| Peter: Okay we won’t. Now we are back with another episode and today, just like yesterday, opening only a few seconds… |
| Sakura: Sorry. |
| Peter: You have to be nice to the producers. They are only giving you the opening slots now-a-days. |
| Sakura: I have to go. Sorry just to say hi. |
| Peter: And it’s so nice. Yoshi-san will be joining us again for today’s episode よろしくお願いします、よしさん. (Yoroshiku onegaishimasu, Yoshi-san.) |
| Yoshi: よろしくお願いします。 (Yoroshiku onegaishimasu.) |
| Peter: Now in today’s episode, we have quite an interesting story. Sakura-san, what do you think of today’s story? Do you know anybody like this? |
| Sakura: うーん。コントラストがすごい。 (U ̄n. Kontorasuto ga sugoi.) There is a big contrast. |
| Peter: Between the two. |
| Sakura: Two. |
| Peter: Main actors of this story. So with that said, please pay attention. What we are going to go over today is using adjectives as adverbs. Very, very important for spicing up your sentences instead of the old standard right out of the textbook sentences. We are going to help you to really spice up your sentences. So with that said, let’s take a look at today’s episode. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| さくら: 皆さん、今日の試合はとても大事です。真剣にやりましょう! (Minasan, kyō no shiai wa totemo daiji desu. Shinken ni yarimashō!) |
| よし: やあ、皆さん、今日はいい天気ですね。今日は楽しくやりましょう! (Ya, minasan, kyō wa ii tenki desu ne. Kyō wa tanoshiku yarimashō!) |
| さくら: 皆さん、必勝!必勝!必勝! (Minasan, hisshō! Hisshō! Hisshō!) |
| よし: 皆さん、気持ちよくやりましょう。 (Minasan, kimochi yoku yarimashō.) |
| 審判: それでは、今日のジュニアサッカーの試合を始めます。 (Sore dewa, kyō no junia sakkā no shiai o hajimemasu.) |
| Peter: One more time slowly please. |
| Chigusa: もう一度お願いします。ゆっくりお願いします。 (Mōichido onegaishimasu. Yukkuri onegaishimasu.) |
| さくら: 皆さん、今日の試合はとても大事です。真剣にやりましょう! (Minasan, kyō no shiai wa totemo daiji desu. Shinken ni yarimashō!) |
| よし: やあ、皆さん、今日はいい天気ですね。今日は楽しくやりましょう! (Ya, minasan, kyō wa ii tenki desu ne. Kyō wa tanoshiku yarimashō!) |
| さくら: 皆さん、必勝!必勝!必勝! (Minasan, hisshō! Hisshō! Hisshō!) |
| よし: 皆さん、気持ちよくやりましょう。 (Minasan, kimochi yoku yarimashō.) |
| 審判: それでは、今日のジュニアサッカーの試合を始めます。 (Sore dewa, kyō no junia sakkā no shiai o hajimemasu.) |
| Yoshi: 次はピーターさんの英語が入ります。 (Tsugi wa pītā-san no eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| Peter: Everyone, today’s game is very important. Let’s play it seriously. Hey everyone, nice weather today right? Today, let’s have fun out there. Everyone, win it all costs, win it all costs, win it all costs. Everyone, let’s enjoy ourselves out there. Okay everyone, today’s PV soccer game is about to begin. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: Yoshi-san, let’s ask Chigusa what she thought of today’s conversation. |
| Yoshi: ちぐささん。今日の会話はどうでしたか？ (Chigusa-san. Kyō no kaiwa wa dōdeshita ka?) |
| Chigusa: そうですね。全くタイプの違う二人がいますね。 (Sō desu ne. Mattaku taipu no chigau futari ga imasu ne.) |
| Peter: Yeah two completely different coaches or maybe parents for that matter but in Japan, do you have this problem? In the US, it’s a pretty big problem like overzealous parents acting up at their children’s games, fights between parents, kids, things like this. |
| Chigusa: うーん、どうですか？よしさん。 (U ̄ n, dō desu ka? Yoshi-san.) |
| Yoshi: あると思いますよ。 (Aru to omoimasu yo.) |
| Peter: So you think there are. Well, see if we could document some of these but I know in the US, it’s quite an issue. Sportsmanship, Sportsmanship, Sportsmanship. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Okay lots of vocab today. So let’s take a look at those. Yoshi-san, start us off. |
| Yoshi: 皆 (mina) |
| Peter: Everyone. |
| Yoshi: (slow)みな (mina) (natural speed)皆 (mina) |
| Peter: At japanesepod101.com, we often say 皆さん (minasan). We attach the polite suffix さん (san) but in more formal situations, what could we hear Chigusa-san? |
| Chigusa: 皆様 (minasama) |
| Peter: Which is the same thing, a very polite way to refer to everybody. Next we have Chigusa-san. |
| Chigusa: 試合 (shiai) |
| Peter: Game, match. |
| Chigusa: (slow)しあい (shiai) (natural speed)試合 (shiai) |
| Peter: Okay and this is followed by |
| Yoshi: 大事 (daiji) |
| Peter: Important. |
| Yoshi: (slow)だいじ (daiji) (natural speed)大事 (daiji) |
| Peter: Now let’s take a look at the Chinese characters, the kanji that make up this word. There are two kanji. Yoshi-san, what does the first character mean? |
| Yoshi: Big. |
| Peter: And what does the second one mean? |
| Yoshi: Thing. |
| Peter: Big thing and if it is a big thing, it is |
| Yoshi: 大事。 (Daiji.) |
| Peter: And now the English. |
| Yoshi: Important. |
| Peter: Perfect. So just giving a nice pneumatic to remember this. Big thing, it’s important. I have a big thing to do tomorrow. There is something important to do tomorrow. Yoshi-san, could you give us the Japanese for that. There is something important tomorrow. |
| Yoshi: 明日は大事なことがある。 (Ashita wa daiji na koto ga aru.) |
| Peter: Okay notice what kind of adjective 大事 (daiji) is. Can you give it to us one more time? |
| Yoshi: 明日は大事なことがある。 (Ashita wa daiji na koto ga aru.) |
| Peter: So 大事 (daiji) is actually a な (na)-adjective. When it’s placed in front of other things, we need a な (na). Okay, next we have. |
| Chigusa: 真剣 (shinken) |
| Peter: Serious. |
| Chigusa: (slow)しんけん (shin ken) (natural speed)真剣 (shinken) |
| Peter: Chigusa-san. Can you give us a sample sentence here? |
| Chigusa: 授業を真剣に受ける。 (Jugyō o shinken ni ukeru.) |
| Peter: To take a class seriously. Now here we have again 真剣 (shinken). Now Chigusa-san, what kind of adjective? We have two types in Japanese, remember? い (i) adjective and な (na)-adjective. What kind of adjective is Chigusa-san? |
| Chigusa: A な (na)-adjective. |
| Peter: Right so we have 真剣 (shinken), a な (na)-adjective and then we have a verb 受ける (ukeru) to take okay. So we have 真剣 (shinken) which is a な (na)-adjective followed by a verb. What do we need in between to have that adjective modified? |
| Chigusa: に (ni) |
| Peter: There it is. 真剣に (shinken ni) seriously take. That adjective now is acting as an adverb modifying the verb. Okay but we need that に (ni) in there for な (na)-adjectives. We are going to get into い (i) adjectives in a minute and that’s the goal of today’s lesson. How to use adjectives as adverbs when using verbs. Okay this will really help you spice up your Japanese rather than just very plain and generic sentences. This will help you really convey what you are doing and what you are talking about. Okay next we have. |
| Yoshi: 楽しい (tanoshī) |
| Peter: Fun. |
| Yoshi: (slow)たのしい (tanoshī) (natural speed)楽しい (tanoshī) |
| Peter: Followed by |
| Chigusa: 必勝 (hisshō) |
| Peter: Victory at all costs. Victory at any cost. |
| Chigusa: (slow)ひっしょう (hisshou) (natural speed)必勝 (hisshō) |
| Peter: Now the two characters in here Chigusa-san, what does the first character mean? |
| Chigusa: Must |
| Peter: Must and how about the second? |
| Chigusa: Win |
| Peter: Must win, victory. Okay next we have a phrase. |
| Yoshi: 気持ちよい (kimochi yoi) |
| Peter: Good feeling. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Okay a lot, a lot of vocab in there. A lot thrown at you. I hope it wasn’t too much but if it was, stop by japanesepod101.com. There we have drills and lots of other things to really reinforce and bring it altogether. Now with that said, let’s take a look at that conversation. We are going to run through that conversation one more time. Let’s get it sorted off Chigusa-san. |
| Chigusa: 皆さん (minasan) |
| Peter: Everyone. |
| Chigusa: 今日の試合はとても大事です。 (Kyō no shiai wa totemo daiji desu.) |
| Peter: Today’s game is very important. Very straightforward, first word is |
| Chigusa: 皆さん (minasan) |
| Peter: Everybody getting everyone’s attention followed by |
| Chigusa: 今日の試合 (kyō no shiai) |
| Peter: Today, particle の (no) game. Today’s game, very straightforward there. Same in English. Everyone, today’s game. Up until now, it is the same. Then we have the particle |
| Chigusa: は (wa) |
| Peter: Which marks the topic which is today’s game followed by |
| Chigusa: とても (totemo) |
| Peter: Very |
| Chigusa: 大事 (daiji) |
| Peter: Important |
| Chigusa: です (desu) |
| Peter: And the copula. Today’s game, very important. Now interpret this into English. Today’s game is very important. Very straightforward, almost the same in English. This one works out very and very nice for the translation and then just a bit of interpreting there. Then we have |
| Chigusa: 真剣にやりましょう。 (Shinken ni yarimashou.) |
| Peter: ‘Seriously let’s do.’ Okay literal but we interpret, let’s play seriously. Let’s do it seriously. Now as we said, when we talked about the example, when we have a な (na)-adjective before verb, we need に (ni). We need the particle に (ni) so that it modifies the verb. So we are taking an adjective and we are turning it into an adverb. This is really important to spice up your Japanese. For example, you know, a lot of times if you eat well, someone will say to you, you eat lovely. How do we say that Yoshi-san? |
| Yoshi: きれいに食べますね。 (Kirei ni tabemasu ne.) |
| Peter: Beautiful, pretty, then we have that particle に (ni) followed by 食べます (tabemasu), the verb to eat. So pretty to eat but because of that に (ni), lovely eat and here we are talking about the person. So giving them a compliment, you eat lovely. So we are using な (na)-adjectives before verbs. We need that に (ni) okay. This is followed by |
| Peter: やあ、皆さん。今日はいい天気ですね。 (Yā, minasan. Kyō wa ī tenki desu ne.) |
| Peter: Yeah everybody, today is nice weather right. Okay, very straightforward. Now here comes the million dollar line. Next we have an い (i) adjective. Listen and see how we take an い (i) adjective and turn it into an adverb. Yoshi-san, お願いします。 (Onegaishimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 今日は楽しくやりましょう。 (Kyō wa tanoshiku yarimashou.) |
| Peter: Today let’s have fun. Today let’s have fun out there. Okay first we have the word for today which is |
| Yoshi: 今日 (kyō) |
| Peter: Followed by the topic marker |
| Yoshi: は (wa) |
| Peter: And then we have |
| Yoshi: 楽しく (tanoshiku) |
| Peter: The い (i) adjective is in its conjunctive form. 楽しい (tanoshī), we take that い (i), the final い (i). We turn it into く、楽しく (ku, tanoshiku). Then we add the verb. Now that adjective is acting as an adverb. 楽しくやりましょう (tanoshiku yarimashou) and that’s all there is to it. Now we should point out. There is one thing you should be careful with using い (i) adjectives with the verb する (suru) because it would actually mean that you are doing this. Okay this is followed by our head case coach. Sorry Chigusa-san, you have to be the head case coach. |
| Chigusa: 皆さん、必勝、必勝、必勝。 (Minasan, hisshō, hisshō, hisshō.) |
| Peter: Everyone, victory at any cost, victory at any cost, victory at any cost. I don’t know. Actually I think I would like to play for your team Chigusa-san. |
| Chigusa: Why? |
| Peter: It’s nice to see you have discipline and on the other end of the spectrum, we have Yoshi-san. |
| Yoshi: 皆さん、気持ちよくやりましょう。 (Minasan, kimochi yoku yarimashou.) |
| Peter: Everyone, let’s do it and feel good. Enjoy yourselves out there. Then we have |
| Yoshi: それでは今日のジュニアサッカーの試合を始めます。 (Soredewa kyō no juniasakkā no shiai o hajimemasu.) |
| Peter: Okay one more time. Start from the beginning. |
| Yoshi: それでは (soredewa) |
| Peter: Okay everyone followed by |
| Yoshi: 今日の (kyō no) |
| Peter: Today is |
| Yoshi: ジュニアサッカーの (juniasakkā no) |
| Peter: PV soccer. |
| Yoshi: 試合 (shiai) |
| Peter: Game. Okay let’s take a look at today’s junior soccer game. We have a bunch of possessive particles. First one, Yoshi-san, can you just give us, start from the beginning. 今日の (kyō no) |
| Yoshi: 今日の (kyō no) |
| Peter: Today’s |
| Yoshi: ジュニアサッカーの (Juniasakkā no) |
| Peter: PV soccer |
| Yoshi: 試合 (shiai) |
| Peter: Game. Today is the PV soccer game and we leave out that last possessive. When we translate it into English today is PV soccer game marked by the object marker. |
| Yoshi: を、始めます。 (O, hajimemasu.) |
| Peter: We will begin. |
Outro |
| Peter: Okay today is a PV soccer game. We will begin all of this excitement over a PV soccer game. Now today’s lesson ran a bit long. Also we had a review of the volitional やりましょう (yarimashou). Alright, so that’s going to do it for today. |
| Chigusa: またね。 (Mata ne.) |
| Yoshi: またね。 (Mata ne.) |
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