Learn about expressing the consequences of a hypothetical situation
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natsuko: おはよう、オタワ。ナツコです。(Ohayō, Otawa. Natsuko desu.) |
| Yoshi: おはよう、オタワ。ヨシです。(Ohayō, Otawa. Yoshi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Lesson #98. Natsuko-san, what’s going on here? Everybody is sick. How long have you been sick? |
| Natsuko: I am sorry. More than two weeks. |
| Peter: Many of you probably noticed the change in Natsuko-san’s voice. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Recently I got sick. Yoshi... will be sick. |
| Natsuko: Will be? |
| Peter: Yeah, there is a journey to get him sick. You know the weather is just raining, raining, raining. |
| Natsuko: Yes, and it’s really humid. |
| Peter: Really humid. Well we hope that will put you in a good mood. All right, we are back with part 2 of the cell phone. Are you ready for it too? |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: All right. Continuation from yesterday, here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| さくら (Sakura) : 店はどこ？(Mise wa doko?) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : わからない。(Wakaranai.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : 一時間以上探しているのに。(Ichi-jikan ijō sagashite iru noni.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : もう一回電話する。(Mō ikkai denwa suru.) |
| おかけになった電話は電波の届かないところにあるか、電源が入っていないためかかりません。(O-kake ni natta denwa wa denpa no todokanai tokoro ni aru ka, dengen ga haitte inai tame kakarimasen.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : また圏外だ。(Mata kengai da.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : あの二人はどこにいるのかな？(Ano futari wa doko ni iru no ka na?) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あっ。留守電が入ってる。(A. Rusuden ga haitte ru.) |
| 伝言を３件お預かりしています。新しい伝言、11時、1件です。(Dengon o san-gen o-azukari shite imasu. Atarashii dengon, jū ichi-ji, ikken desu.) |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ〜、もしもし。よしですけど。今11時です。確かに約束の時間は10時ですけど。たけさんといつまでも待ってますので、よろしくお願いします。(Ā, moshimoshi. Yoshi desu kedo. Ima jū ichi-ji desu. Tashika ni yakusoku no jikan wa jū-ji desu kedo. Take-san to itsumademo matte masu node, yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| この伝言を消去する場合は９を、もう一度聞く場合は１を、伝言を再生済みとし、保存する場合は２を押してください。なお、操作方法を確認する場合は０を押してください。(Kono dengon o shōkyo suru bāi wa kyū o, mō ichi-do kiku bāi wa ichi o, dengon o saiseizumi to shi, hozon suru bāi wa ni o oshite kudasai. Nao, sōsa hōhō o kakunin suru bāi wa zero o oshite kudasai.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 二人がまだ待ってる。どうする？(Futari ga mada matte ru. Dō suru?) |
| Natsuko: もう一度、お願いします。ゆっくり、お願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Yukkuri, onegai shimasu.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : 店はどこ？(Mise wa doko?) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : わからない。(Wakaranai.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : 一時間以上たっているのに。(Ichi-jikan ijō tatte iru noni.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : もう一回電話する。(Mō ikkai denwa suru.) |
| おかけになった電話は電波の届かないところにあるか、電源が入っていないためかかりません。(O-kake ni natta denwa wa denpa no todokanai tokoro ni aru ka, dengen ga haitte inai tame kakarimasen.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : また圏外だ。(Mata kengai da.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : あの二人はどこにいるのかな？(Ano futari wa doko ni iru no ka na?) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あっ。留守電が入ってる。(A. Rusuden ga haitte ru.) |
| 伝言を３件お預かりしています。新しい伝言、11時、1件です。(Dengon o san-gen o-azukari shite imasu. Atarashii dengon, jū ichi-ji, ikken desu.) |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ〜、もしもし。よしですけど。今11時です。確かに約束の時間は10時ですけど。たけさんといつまでも待ってますので、よろしくお願いします。(Ā, moshimoshi. Yoshi desu kedo. Ima jū ichi-ji desu. Tashika ni yakusoku no jikan wa jū-ji desu kedo. Take-san to itsumademo matte masu node, yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| この伝言を消去する場合は９を、もう一度聞く場合は１を、伝言を再生済みとし、保存する場合は２を押してください。なお、操作方法を確認する場合は０を押してください。(Kono dengon o shōkyo suru bāi wa kyū o, mō ichi-do kiku bāi wa ichi o, dengon o saiseizumi to shi, hozon suru bāi wa ni o oshite kudasai. Nao, sōsa hōhō o kakunin suru bāi wa zero o oshite kudasai.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 二人がまだ待ってる。どうする？(Futari ga mada matte ru. Dō suru?) |
| Natsuko: 次は、ピーターさんの英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Pītā-san no Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| さくら (Sakura) : 店はどこ？(Mise wa doko?) |
| SAKURA: Where's the place? |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : わからない。(Wakaranai.) |
| NATSUKO: I don't know. |
| さくら (Sakura) : 一時間以上探しているのに。(Ichi-jikan ijō sagashite iru noni.) |
| SAKURA: We've been looking for over an hour. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : もう一回電話する。(Mō ikkai denwa suru.) |
| NATSUKO: I'll call again. |
| おかけになった電話は電波の届かないところにあるか、電源が入っていないためかかりません。(O-kake ni natta denwa wa denpa no todokanai tokoro ni aru ka, dengen ga haitte inai tame kakarimasen.) |
| The phone that you called cannot be reached either because the phone is shut off, or it is in a location where the signal cannot reach. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : また圏外だ。(Mata kengai da.) |
| NATSUKO: Out of the area again. |
| さくら (Sakura) : あの二人はどこにいるのかな？(Ano futari wa doko ni iru no ka na?) |
| SAKURA: I wonder where those two are. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あっ。留守電が入ってる。(A. Rusuden ga haitte ru.) |
| NATSUKO: Ah. I got a message. |
| 伝言を３件お預かりしています。(Dengon o san-gen o-azukari shite imasu.) |
| You have 3 voice messages. |
| 新しい伝言、11時、1件です。(Atarashii dengon, jū ichi-ji, ikken desu.) |
| The most recent at 11 pm. |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ〜、もしもし。よしですけど。(Ā, moshimoshi. Yoshi desu kedo.) |
| YOSHI: Uh, this is Yoshi. |
| よし (Yoshi) : 今11時です。(Ima jū ichi-ji desu.) |
| YOSHI: It's 11 o'clock. |
| よし (Yoshi) : 確かに約束の時間は10時ですけど。(Tashika ni yakusoku no jikan wa jū-ji desu kedo.) |
| YOSHI: As I recall, the agreed upon time was 10 o'clock. |
| よし (Yoshi) : たけさんといつまでも待ってますので、(Take-san to itsumademo matte masu node,) |
| YOSHI: I'll wait with Take for however long it takes, |
| よし (Yoshi) : よろしくお願いします。(yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| YOSHI: So, hoping to hear from you. |
| この伝言を消去する場合は９を、(Kono dengon o shōkyo suru bāi wa kyū o,) |
| To erase this message, press 9. |
| もう一度聞く場合は１を、(mō ichi-do kiku bāi wa ichi o,) |
| To listen one more time, press 1. |
| 伝言を再生済みとし、保存する場合は２を押してください。(dengon o saiseizumi to shi, hozon suru bāi wa ni o oshite kudasai.) |
| To save a message that has finished playing, please press 2. |
| なお、操作方法を確認する場合は０を押してください。(Nao, sōsa hōhō o kakunin suru bāi wa zero o oshite kudasai.) |
| To confirm operating instructions, please press 0. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 二人がまだ待ってる。どうする？(Futari ga mada matte ru. Dō suru?) |
| NATSUKO: Those two are still waiting. What should we do? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: So Natsuko-san, what did you think? |
| Natsuko: I wonder if the two girls are going. |
| Peter: I wonder too. Well, you are one of the two girls. |
| Natsuko: Oh yeah, yeah I was supposed to be. |
| Peter: So give us the answer. Are you going? You are not going? |
| Natsuko: Umm, difficult problem. |
| Peter: All right. If any of you post comments wanting to know the answer, I am sure that Natsuko-san will get back to you. Yoshi-san, what do you think of today’s conversation? |
| Yoshi: It’s very typical for me. You know, I am always waiting, waiting and nothing happens. |
| Natsuko: Oh, it's also typical for me getting lost forever. |
| Yoshi: Ah! |
| Natsuko: Can’t find where you go. |
| Peter: I am sure many people can relate to that. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter:All right, now what we are going to do is get into today’s vocabulary. Here we go. |
| Natsuko: 最初のキーワードは、預かる (Saisho no kīwādo wa, azukaru) |
| Peter: To keep in custody, to take charge of. |
| Natsuko: (slow)あずかる (azukaru) (natural speed) 預かる (azukaru) |
| Peter: Now Natsuko-san, let’s point out right now. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: There are two words. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: And they are both transitive that have the meaning to keep in custody or to take charge of. The second is |
| Natsuko: 預ける (azukeru) |
| Peter: Now the difference is, can you give us the first one, the one in today’s conversation? |
| Natsuko: 預かる (azukaru) |
| Peter: Now when we use this, the subject is the one taking charge of something or someone or keeping something in custody. |
| Natsuko: Right. |
| Peter: And then the second, the latter |
| Natsuko: 預ける (azukeru) |
| Peter: Someone other than the subject is taking charge or keeping in custody. Please try to remember, this is a really important point. Okay, example sentences, please. |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、例文をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 荷物を預かる。(Nimotsu o azukaru.) |
| Peter: To keep luggage, to keep someone’s luggage. |
| Yoshi: 子供を預かる。(Kodomo o azukaru.) |
| Peter: To watch someone’s kids, to watch kids. |
| Yoshi: 人の命を預かる。(Hito no inochi o azukaru.) |
| Peter: To take people’s lives in one’s hands. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、消去する (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, shōkyo suru) |
| Peter: To erase. |
| Yoshi: (slow)しょうきょする (shōkyo suru) (natural speed) 消去する (shōkyo suru) |
| ナツコさん、例文をお願いします。(Natsuko-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: はい。データを消去する。(Hai. Dēta o shōkyo suru.) |
| Peter: To erase data. |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、消去の反対は何ですか。(Yoshi-san, shōkyo no hantai wa nan desu ka.) |
| Yoshi: 保存する (hozon suru) |
| Peter: To keep, to preserve, to save. |
| Yoshi: (slow)ほぞんする (hozon suru) (natural speed) 保存する (hozon suru) |
| Peter: Now just as we had erase the data which was |
| Natsuko: 消去する (shōkyo suru) |
| Peter: How about saving the data? |
| Natsuko: データを保存する (dēta o hozon suru) |
| Peter: Now these two you see quite often when you are using a computer. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Of course if that computer is in Japanese but you will see these two all the time. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、場合は (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, bāi wa) |
| Peter: In the case, in the event. |
| Natsuko: (slow)ばあいは (bāi wa) (natural speed) 場合は (bāi wa) |
| Peter: And this is actually closer to a grammatical structure. |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、例文をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 雨の場合、試合は中止です。(Ame no bāi, shiai wa chūshi desu.) |
| Peter: In the case of rain, the game is canceled. Now let’s just take a quick look at this |
| Natsuko: 場合 (bāi) |
| Peter: When a noun comes in front of this, how do we attach them? |
| Natsuko: の (no) |
| Peter: We add の (no) in between them. So noun |
| Natsuko: の場合 (no bāi) |
| Peter: And then it becomes in the case of. In the case of rain was |
| Natsuko: 雨の場合 (ame no bāi) |
| Peter: And then we have something afterwards. Next up. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、再生 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, saisei) |
| Peter: To play back, regeneration. First meaning in this dialogue. |
| Yoshi: (slow)さいせい (saisei) (natural speed) 再生 (saisei) |
| ナツコさん、例をお願いします。(Natsuko-san, rei o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: ビデオを再生する。(Bideo o saisei suru.) |
| Peter: To playback a video. |
| Natsuko: 曲を再生する。(Kyoku o saisei suru.) |
| Peter: To playback a song. Now Natsuko-san, you will find this on – maybe not anymore, tape recorders or VCRs but all right, let me just fast forward to the current generation, DVD players. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: So this is the button you want when you want to start it. |
| Natsuko: Uhoo. |
| Peter: Next. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、操作方法 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, sōsa hōhō) |
| Peter: Operation instructions. |
| Natsuko: (slow)そうさほうほう (sōsa hōhō) (natural speed) 操作方法 (sōsa hōhō) |
| Peter: And this word is made up of four characters. The first word being |
| Natsuko: 操作 (sōsa) |
| Peter: Operation. The second |
| Natsuko: 方法 (hōhō) |
| Peter: Method. Next. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、確認 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, kakunin) |
| Peter: Affirmation, confirmation. |
| Yoshi: (slow)かくにん (kakunin) (natural speed) 確認 (kakunin) |
| ナツコさん、例文をお願いします。(Natsuko-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: はい。お手荷物のお忘れ物がないか、今一度、ご確認ください。(Hai. O-tenimotsu no o-wasuremono ga nai ka, ima ichi-do, go-kakunin kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please check once again now that you have not forgotten any luggage and this is something you will hear on trains, buses. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Any kind of public transportation. Give it to us one more time, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: お手荷物のお忘れ物がないか、今一度、ご確認ください。(O-tenimotsu no o-wasuremono ga nai ka, ima ichi-do, go-kakunin kudasai.) |
| Peter: Next we have |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、圏外 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, kengai) |
| Peter: Outside area. |
| Natsuko: (slow)けんがい (kengai) (natural speed) 圏外 (kengai) |
| Peter: Now on your cell phone, you can check the range by how many bars you have, the small bar, the middle bar and the big bar. When you are outside of that range, what two characters appear? |
| Natsuko: 圏外 (kengai) |
| Peter: Yeah. So if you don’t have a signal, these are the two characters which you can find inside the PDF or in the premium section. These are the two characters that will appear. So when you are outside a range |
| Yoshi: 圏外 (kengai) |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Okay, on to today’s grammar point. So today’s grammar point is |
| Natsuko: 場合 (bāi) |
| Peter: Now actually I jumped in too fast and I started going into this before in the vocab section. So please listen to what you have there plus you can also use this with verbs. Now as we said, this construction means in the case, in the event and it’s sometimes also used as a conditional. So there are multiple ways we can use this. The construction we said with a noun was noun plus |
| Natsuko: の (no) |
| Peter: Plus |
| Natsuko: 場合 (bāi) |
| Peter: Being in the case of whatever that noun is. Now we can also use this with verbs but when we use this with verbs, it’s always in the plain form. It can be the plain present, such as |
| Natsuko: 保存する場合 (hozon suru bāi) |
| Peter: If you want to save, and we can also use the plain past with this but as we haven’t fully covered this, this will be discussed more in later lessons. |
Outro |
| Peter: All right, so that’s going to do for today. |
| Natsuko: じゃ、また明日ね。(Ja, mata ashita ne.) |
| Yoshi: またね。(Mata ne.) |
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