Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Natsuko: おはよう、ガラパゴス。ナツコです。(Ohayō, Garapagosu. Natsuko desu.)
Yoshi: おはよう、ガラパゴス。ヨシです。(Ohayō, Garapagosu. Yoshi desu.)
Peter: Peter here. Beginner lesson #93. All right, we are back with part 3 of our series, the weeklong series. Now this will continue next Thursday. So the fourth installment of the series is actually next Thursday. So be sure to tune in for that. Today we are going to look at too much again but this time, we will be looking at adjectives, both i-adjectives and na-adjectives. Previously we covered verbs, drink too much but now we are going to get into too hot, too spicy, too normal and other things again with na and i-adjectives. So a lot in there. What we are going to do is get into today’s lesson but before we get into today’s lesson, let’s ask Natsuko-san, what she thinks is going to happen today. Today I think they are finally going to meet.
Natsuko: Oh yes, I think so.
Peter: How do you think it’s going to go?
Natsuko: I hope the boy likes the dog she brings with her.
Peter: Yoshi-san, what do you think is going to happen?
Yoshi: Yes, I think it’s going to be good.
Peter: All right, with these predictions, let’s see what happens. Here we go.
DIALOGUE
夏子 (Natsuko) : いました!(Imashita!)
たけ (Take) : やっと来ました。(Yatto kimashita.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、かわいいでしょう。(Hora, kawaii deshō.)
たけ (Take) : それより、今日は何をしますか。(Soreyori, kyō wa nani o shimasu ka.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : 上野公園でこの子のお散歩をしてから、お昼を食べに行きます。(Ueno Kōen de kono ko no o-sanpo o shite kara, o-hiru o tabe ni ikimasu.)
たけ (Take) : いいですね。何がいいですか。(Ii desu ne. Nani ga ii desu ka.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : タイ料理はどうですか。(Tai ryōri wa dō desu ka.)
たけ (Take) : 私には辛すぎます。(Watashi ni wa karasugimasu.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃ、たこ焼きは?(Ja, takoyaki wa?)
たけ (Take) : 普通すぎます。(Futsū sugimasu.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃあ、築地でお寿司はどうですか。(Jā, Tsukiji de o-sushi wa dō desu ka.)
たけ (Take) : いいですね。行きましょう。でも、犬は?(Ii desu ne. Ikimashō. Demo, inu wa?)
夏子 (Natsuko) : 大丈夫。この子、マグロも大好きだから。(Daijōbu. Kono ko, maguro mo daisuki da kara.)
Natsuko: もう一度、お願いします。ゆっくり、お願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Yukkuri, onegai shimasu.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : いました!(Imashita!)
たけ (Take) : やっと来ました。(Yatto kimashita.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、かわいいでしょう。(Hora, kawaii deshō.)
たけ (Take) : それより、今日は何をしますか。(Soreyori, kyō wa nani o shimasu ka.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : 上野公園でこの子のお散歩をしてから、お昼を食べに行きます。(Ueno Kōen de kono ko no o-sanpo o shite kara, o-hiru o tabe ni ikimasu.)
たけ (Take) : いいですね。何がいいですか。(Ii desu ne. Nani ga ii desu ka.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : タイ料理はどうですか。(Tai ryōri wa dō desu ka.)
たけ (Take) : 私には辛すぎます。(Watashi ni wa karasugimasu.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃ、たこ焼きは?(Ja, takoyaki wa?)
たけ (Take) : 普通すぎます。(Futsū sugimasu.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃあ、築地でお寿司はどうですか。(Jā, Tsukiji de o-sushi wa dō desu ka.)
たけ (Take) : いいですね。行きましょう。でも、犬は?(Ii desu ne. Ikimashō. Demo, inu wa?)
夏子 (Natsuko) : 大丈夫。この子、マグロも大好きだから。(Daijōbu. Kono ko, maguro mo daisuki da kara.)
夏子 (Natsuko) : いました!(Imashita!)
NATSUKO: There you are!
たけ (Take) : やっと来ました。(Yatto kimashita.)
TAKE: You finally came.
夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、かわいいでしょう。(Hora, kawaii deshō.)
NATSUKO: Look, she's cute, right?
たけ (Take) : それより、今日は何をしますか。(Soreyori, kyō wa nani o shimasu ka.)
TAKE: More than that, what will we do today?
夏子 (Natsuko) : 上野公園でこの子のお散歩をしてから、お昼を食べに行きます。(Ueno Kōen de kono ko no o-sanpo o shite kara, o-hiru o tabe ni ikimasu.)
NATSUKO: After we walk the dog in Ueno Park, we'll go eat lunch.
たけ (Take) : いいですね。何がいいですか。(Ii desu ne. Nani ga ii desu ka.)
TAKE: Sounds nice! What would be good?
夏子 (Natsuko) : タイ料理はどうですか。(Tai ryōri wa dō desu ka.)
NATSUKO: How about Thai food?
たけ (Take) : 私には辛すぎます。(Watashi ni wa karasugimasu.)
TAKE: It's too hot for me.
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃ、たこ焼きは?(Ja, takoyaki wa?)
NATSUKO: Hmm, how about takoyaki?
たけ (Take) : 普通すぎます。(Futsū sugimasu.)
TAKE: Too normal.
夏子 (Natsuko) : じゃあ、築地でお寿司はどうですか。(Jā, Tsukiji de o-sushi wa dō desu ka.)
NATSUKO: Hmm, how about sushi at Tsukiji fish market?
たけ (Take) : いいですね。行きましょう。(Ii desu ne. Ikimashō.)
TAKE: Sounds good. Let's go.
たけ (Take) : でも、犬は?(Demo, inu wa?)
TAKE: But, what about the dog?
夏子 (Natsuko) : 大丈夫。この子、マグロも大好きだから。(Daijōbu. Kono ko, maguro mo daisuki da kara.)
NATSUKO: It's okay. This one loves tuna!
VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE
Peter: All right, first word.
Natsuko: 最初のキーワードは、ほら (Saisho no kīwādo wa, hora)
Peter: Look, see, hear.
Natsuko: (slow)ほら (hora) (natural speed) ほら (hora)
Peter: Now this is used when there is some kind of physical proof.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: The moment of truth.
Natsuko: You see.
Peter: Yeah, and sometimes, it even takes on the meaning of I told you so.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Look I told you so. Now let’s first look at the conversation. How was this used in the conversation?
Natsuko: ほら、可愛いでしょう。(Hora, kawaii deshō.)
Peter: Look, cute right? Now the reason she started with this was, when they were talking on the phone, she was talking about how cute her dog was.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: And she also said that this dog would change his mind.
Natsuko: Yes. He was definitely going to like it.
Peter: He was definitely going to like it.
Natsuko: Uhoo…
Peter: So in this expression
Natsuko: ほら (hora)
Peter: And then the subsequent
Natsuko: 可愛いでしょう (kawaii deshō)
Peter: It’s cute right plus now you like it, right?
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: And your minds changed right. It’s all in that?
Natsuko: Inside, yes. It’s like you know, I told you. Isn’t she cute?
Peter: I told you, right…
Natsuko: It’s like that.
Peter: Perfect. Now what was his answer? Ah Yoshi-san, Yoshi-san is here. Yoshi-san, what was that answer?
Yoshi: それより、今日何をしますか。(Soreyori, kyō nani o shimasu ka.)
Peter: So what do you think his take on the dog is?
Yoshi: He wasn’t even interested in the dog after all.
Peter: Yes.
Natsuko: After all.
Peter: Ah I wonder what’s going to happen after this. Not a good sign.
Natsuko: Well he kind of successfully changed the topic.
Peter: Yes, and it brings us to our next keyword. What’s that keyword, Yoshi-san?
Yoshi: それより (soreyori)
Peter: More than that, before that.
Yoshi: (slow)それより (soreyori) (natural speed) それより (soreyori)
Peter: Now this is made up of two words. What two words are there?
Natsuko: それ (sore)
Peter: That.
Natsuko: より (yori)
Peter: Then. And we kind of in this case, it’s more than that. Then that something, something.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Now this pattern is usually followed by a complete topic change.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Complete 180.
Natsuko: Kind of abrupt.
Peter: Exactly and then it’s usually followed by
Natsuko: A question.
Peter: Yeah, or some kind of statement that generates or needs a response from the person you are speaking to.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: To kind of reinforce that you are getting off the topic.
Natsuko: Right.
Peter: Now we recommend that you take caution when using this because if this becomes a habit for you to use this word, you could lose some friends because again like Natsuko said, it’s quite abrupt.
Natsuko: Yes, and it’s like, kind of denying the first topic that one raised.
Peter: Yeah.
Natsuko: It’s like you know more than that. So that implies that you know, something that was on the topic is less important.
Peter: Or less interesting.
Natsuko: Right.
Peter: So we are going to give you an example right now of how this could be used. ナツコさん、お願いします。(Natsuko-san, onegai shimasu.)
Natsuko: あ、お久しぶりです。奥さんお元気ですか。(A, o-hisashiburi desu. Okusan, o-genki desu ka.)
Yoshi: それより、昨日のワールドカップ、見ました?(Soreyori, kinō no wārudo kappu, mimashita?)
Natsuko: あ、ああ。見ました、見ました。(A, ā. Mimashita, mimashita.)
Peter: All right. Let’s have that conversation one more time slowly.
Natsuko: お久しぶりです。(O-hisashiburi desu.)
Peter: It’s been a while.
Natsuko: 奥さん、お元気ですか。(Okusan, o-genki desu ka.)
Peter: How was your wife?
Yoshi: それより、昨日のワールドカップ、見ました?(Soreyori, kinō no wārudo kappu, mimashita?)
Peter: More than that. Did you see yesterday’s world cup game?
Natsuko: ああ。見ました、見ました。(Ā. Mimashita, mimashita.)
Peter: Ah I saw it, I saw it. Yeah, so umm you could see here that he clearly doesn’t want to talk about his wife. It’s a sore subject.
Natsuko: Yes, and the person who asked can understand that he doesn’t want to talk about that.
Peter: Yeah. Let’s ask Yoshi-san. Yoshi-san, what happened to your wife?
Yoshi: I don’t want to talk about it. I don’t have a wife yet.
Peter: But yes, a topic changer but quite abrupt. So a caution when using this word. Next we have
Natsuko: 散歩する (sanpo suru)
Peter: To take a walk.
Natsuko: (slow)さんぽする (sanpo suru) (natural speed) 散歩する (sanpo suru)
Peter: Natsuko-ssan, let’s ask Yoshi-san how often he takes walks.
Natsuko: ヨシさんは、よく散歩しますか。(Yoshi-san wa, yoku sanpo shimasu ka.)
Yoshi: はい。週に四日は散歩をしますよ。(Hai. Shū ni yokka wa sanpo o shimasu yo.)
Natsuko: そうですか。(Sō desu ka.)
Peter: That’s a lot. Well that’s why you are so fit. Also we have with this word.
Natsuko: 散歩に行く (sanpo ni iku)
Peter: Go for a walk. Yoshi-san, how would you invite someone to go for a walk?
Yoshi: 一緒に散歩に行きましょう。(Issho ni sanpo ni ikimashō.)
Peter: Next we have
Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、たこ焼き (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, takoyaki)
Peter: Octopus dumplings, octopus balls.
Yoshi: (slow)たこやき (takoyaki) (natural speed) たこ焼き (takoyaki)
Peter: Okay Natsuko-san, what is this?
Natsuko: It’s a dumpling, a big doe and you have a small piece of Octopus inside.
Peter: Yeah, and how is this cooked? When I think of dumplings, I think fried dumplings or boiled dumplings.
Natsuko: It’s usually baked.
Peter: Yeah, exactly.
Yoshi: They are baked on a special iron plate, where they have, like the shape of balls.
Peter: Half balls like half circles.
Natsuko: Yeah, they are like you know scoops of many small balls.
Yoshi: And it’s about the size of like ping pong balls or bigger.
Natsuko: Yeah, exactly.
Peter: So if you imagine, I think a good way to imagine it would be an egg carton. So the grill is like if you think about an egg carton, you open up an egg carton. Well, just keep it open.
Natsuko: Yeah.
Peter: And instead of the oval shape, they have perfect circular shapes.
Natsuko: Uhoo.
Peter: And they put it in the batter and then they put in a little piece of Octopus. So even if you don’t like fish, even if you don’t eat fish, you can eat these. It’s minuscule. It’s all marketing.
Natsuko: Right.
Peter: And then how do they turn it?
Natsuko: They turn it upside down with this needle and they keep on turning it round and round and making it a perfect ball.
Peter: Natsuko-san, let’s ask Yoshi-san if he likes these?
Natsuko: ヨシさん、たこ焼き好きですか。(Yoshi-san, takoyaki suki desu ka.)
Yoshi: はい、大好きです。(Hai, daisuki desu.)
Peter: Now Natsuko-san, can you give it to us one more time but before you give it to us, please listen, everybody. Natsuko drops all the particles.
Natsuko: Yes. ヨシさん、たこ焼き、好きですか。(Yoshi-san, takoyaki, suki desu ka.)
Yoshi: はい、大好きです。(Hai, daisuki desu.)
Peter: Natsuko-san, where did all the particles go?
Natsuko: Over the rainbow.
Peter: What is that? Okay, can you give us a sentence with the particles?
Natsuko: ヨシさんは、たこ焼きが好きですか。(Yoshi-san wa, takoyaki ga suki desu ka.)
Yoshi: はい、大好きです。(Hai, daisuki desu.)
Peter: And Yoshi-san leaves out the subject and the object and the particles.
Natsuko: Like yes I do.
Peter: Yeah. What would a textbook answer look like from you, Yoshi-san?
Yoshi: はい。私はたこ焼きが大好きです。(Hai. Watashi wa takoyaki ga daisuki desu.)
Peter: But when answering a question, it’s enough to just say
Yoshi: はい、大好きです。(Hai, daisuki desu.)
Peter: Yes, I like it. Now Natsuko-san, how would we ask somebody not in the intimate circle if they liked Takoyaki?
Natsuko: たこ焼きは、お好きですか。(Takoyaki wa, o-suki desu ka.)
Peter: Now what is that prefix you used?
Natsuko: お (o)
Peter: To make it extra polite.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: We have a lot of listeners studying in Japanese classes. How could they ask their teacher, do you like Takoyaki?
Natsuko: 先生は、たこ焼きがお好きですか。(Sensei wa, takoyaki ga o-suki desu ka.)
Peter: That’s really polite.
Natsuko: Yes, a very polite way.
Peter: Some extra credit in there hah!
Natsuko: Maybe. I hope so.
Peter: All right, and again, anything – you could substitute anything in there. The pattern stays the same when you are asking your teacher if they like something. Pattern one time, please.
Natsuko: 先生は、なになにがお好きですか。(Sensei wa, naninani ga o-suki desu ka.)
Peter: So when eating Takoyaki, what condiments come with it? For example, ketchup?
Natsuko: Uhh…
Peter: I think that is a no.
Natsuko: No. Umm usually 鰹節 (katsuobushi).
Peter: One more time, break it down.
Natsuko: (slow)かつおぶし (katsuobushi) (natural speed) 鰹節 (katsuobushi)
Peter: Now up until we researched this word, I didn’t know what it was.
Natsuko: Really?
Peter: I had eaten it, I had seen it but I didn’t know what it was in English and I think this is the case with many foreigners out there. This is the stuff that they put on and it starts to move. It’s actually dried and ready Drum Roll please, Bonito.
Natsuko: Bonito, yes.
Peter: You knew that?
Natsuko: Of course.
Peter: How do you know that?
Natsuko: Because it’s かつお (katsuo)
Peter: Hah, interesting!
Natsuko: かつお (katsuo) is the name for Bonito.
Peter: All right, I am – it’s like a twilight zone here. Yoshi-san please, did you know that fish?
Yoshi: No.
Peter: Ah, thank you.
Yoshi: I mean I knew what that thing was from…
Peter: Yeah.
Yoshi: You know, it’s made of かつお (katsuo) but I didn’t know the English name.
Peter: Huh, thank goodness.
Natsuko: Oh.
Peter: Yeah, I think you are the exception.
Natsuko: I see. That was because I was always explaining it on English but no one knows, right?
Peter: Yeah, nobody does. Now the reason we bring this up is, this is – they will ask you if you want it on and you actually might have to ask for without because it’s pretty much accepted that this comes with the Takoyaki.
Natsuko: Yes.
Yoshi: Yoshi-san, do you eat this with it?
Yoshi: Of course and they usually come with some sauce and maybe some mayonnaise also.
Natsuko: Yes, and some 青海苔 (aonori) maybe.
Peter: Seaweed. So seaweed mayonnaise with a special sauce.
Natsuko: And 鰹節 (katsuobushi).
Peter: All right. Next.
Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、築地 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, Tsukiji)
Peter: This actually means reclaimed land.
Natsuko: Oh yes.
Peter: Break it down.
Natsuko: (slow)つきじ (Tsukiji) (natural speed) 築地 (Tsukiji)
Peter: And it refers to the area that was taken back from the sea by the city of Tokyo.
Natsuko: I see.
Peter: The section taken back.
Natsuko: Yeah.
Peter: Now what we are actually referring to, when you use the word the way we did, it’s kind of accepted that they are talking about the fish market.
Natsuko: Yes, there is a very famous large fish market at 築地 (Tsukiji) and I think many tourists go there, right?
Peter: Apparently too many and the reason we say this is, in the past, they have the Tuna auctions.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: In the morning. So from 5 AM to a certain time in the morning, they had fish auctions.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: And a lot of foreigners like to watch this.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: So they would go there and it started to attract huge crowds.
Natsuko: Yeah.
Peter: People taking pictures, I guess maybe they are taking pictures with the tuna.
Natsuko: Yeah.
Peter: With the fish touching them, passing them around like – and interfering so much that the auction is now not accessible to the public.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Yoshi-san, what were you doing there?
Yoshi: Just taking pictures.
Natsuko: But it’s a very interesting place even without the auction. It’s especially famous for Sushi.
Peter: 5 AM to noon…
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: You can go there and get maybe the best sushi.
Natsuko: Yes, the best sushi in the world, maybe.
Peter: Maybe.
Natsuko: Yes. At least they are really fresh.
Peter: Yeah. I was going to say in Japan, but actually if you go to very local places, sometimes the fishermen actually bring it in like right off the boat.
Natsuko: Yeah, right.
Peter: So... Maybe we could say the biggest variety under one roof or something like this.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Now I actually have not been there yet.
Natsuko: Really?
Peter: Yeah. Have you been there for sushi?
Natsuko: No, not for sushi.
Peter: Right and Yoshi-san, let’s – let’s bet. I say no. What do you think Yoshi-san’s answer is going to be for this?
Natsuko: I say yes.
Peter: And Yoshi-san?
Yoshi: No.
Peter: Okay. Natsuko-san, come on.
Natsuko: Ah…
Peter: We knew the answer to that one, but yeah you know actually we should make a japanesepod101.com trip.
Natsuko: Sushi tour.
Peter: Yeah.
Natsuko: To 築地 (Tsukiji).
Peter: Right.
Yoshi: Free sushi!
Peter: Yoshi-san – Yoshi-san is paying and….
Natsuko: Oh….
Peter: Good idea, Yoshi-san.
Natsuko: Should we say ごちそうさま (gochisō-sama)?
Peter: ごちそうさま。(Gochisō-sama.)
Yoshi: ごちそうさま、ピーター。(Gochisō-sama, Pītā.)
Peter: Well I’d like to say but if Yoshi-san is paying, we could probably get one plate and as they ask for a knife like excuse me, we’d like 一枚 (ichi-mai), one plate and a knife please, can you cut that into 20th. All right, we are getting way off topic here but… 築地 (Tsukiji), it’s definitely a recommended place to visit and we will get there and give you some advice on it in a later podcast but yeah as Natsuko said, so much to do there.
Natsuko: They not only sell fish but there are also markets for traditional Japanese food like beans or dried stuff and usually for commercial use, so it’s really cheap.
Peter: Yeah wholesale, wholesale market.
Natsuko: Yeah, right.

Lesson focus

Peter: Okay, on to today’s grammar point. Today’s grammar point is too much when talking about adjectives as in it's too hot, too cold. Now we covered this with verbs to eat too much. The construction is quite similar where we add すぎる (sugiru) to the respective adjectives. However there is one catch when we are dealing with i-adjectives but first before we do that, let’s just recap what we had in the dialogue. Natsuko-san, what do we have there?
Natsuko: 辛すぎます。(Karasugimasu.)
Peter: Too spicy, too hot as in spicy. Now what’s the adjective for spicy?
Natsuko: 辛い (karai)
Peter: And give us too spicy?
Natsuko: 辛すぎます (karasugimasu)
Peter: Notice for i-adjectives as 辛い (karai) is an i-adjective, the い (i) gets dropped and we add
Natsuko: すぎます (sugimasu)
Peter: And the interesting thing about this, it becomes a class 2 verb.
Natsuko: Yes.
Peter: Okay, so too hot. Now for na-adjectives, in the dialogue we had
Natsuko: 普通すぎます (futsū sugimasu)
Peter: Too ordinary. For na-adjectives, we just attach
Natsuko: すぎます (sugimasu)
Peter: Again class 2 verb and it becomes too something. More about this inside the PDF.

Outro

Peter: All right, that’s going to cover for today.
Natsuko: じゃ、また明日ね。(Ja, mata ashita ne.)
Yoshi: またね。(Mata ne.)
Peter: See you tomorrow.

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