Learn about expressing the meaning of something done excessively
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natsuko: おはよう、ボン。ナツコです。(Ohayō, Bon. Natsuko desu.) |
| Yoshi: おはよう、ボン。ヨシです。(Ohayō, Bon. Yoshi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Beginner lesson #87. Reunion, Part 3. The saga continues. |
| Natsuko: Another series. |
| Peter: Another Thursday series. Now today we are going to cover a new grammar point, speaking about too much. It’s too hot, it’s too (something) as in too much. Very important grammar structure. We are going to get into this a little bit later plus we will have a much more detailed explanation in the PDF. Also things to reinforce what you learned here in today’s lesson. So stop by japanesepod101.com, be sure to leave us a post. Also we cannot stress enough to stop by and get the informal tracks. Now what we give you here is the polite version and that’s because we think that everyone should know the polite version but in the informal tracks, we give you the kind of Japanese spoken among intimate friends. Now if you come to Japan and you make some friends, you will switch to this intimate form quite quickly in most cases. So we really think it will benefit you to check this out, listen and inside the PDF we have it transcribed, the informal conversation transcribed plus we have the history. So you can see what changes from the formal to the informal. Can’t stress it enough, Yoshi-san, you’ve been to the states, right? How long have you been in the states? |
| Yoshi: Seven years. |
| Peter: Right, when people come up and speak Japanese to you, what form of Japanese do they use? |
| Yoshi: Most of them spoke to me in formal Japanese but when I got close to some American friends, then I taught them informal Japanese. |
| Peter: Yeah the key is, you taught them, right? |
| Yoshi: Yes. |
| Peter: Because most foreigners studying only come in contact with this formal Japanese and when you become intimate, how does that sound to speak formal Japanese, a bit strange? |
| Yoshi: Uhoo. |
| Peter: So that’s why learn it here and then test it on your friends. Now again, this is for intimate friends. That’s why we want you to come to the site and read a little bit about what we are doing but we cannot stress how much this will help you in the long run. All right, with that said, time to get into today’s lesson. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : いました！(Imashita!) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : さっきはすみませんでした。本当にすみませんでした。(Sakki wa sumimasen deshita. Hontō ni sumimasen deshita.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : えっ、本気にしましたか。ただの冗談ですよ。(E, honki ni shimashita ka. Tada no jōdan desu yo.) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ええ！冗談ですか。(Ee! Jōdan desu ka.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : もちろん。数学の教科書？だまされやすい人ですね。(Mochiron. Sūgaku no kyōkasho? Damasareyasui hito desu ne.) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ひどいなあ。やりすぎですよ。僕はすごい勇気を出したのに。なんでそんなことをしましたか。(Hidoi nā. Yarisugi desu yo. Boku wa sugoi yūki o dashita noni. Nande sonna koto o shimashita ka.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : その理由は、私も同じ気持ちだからです。(Sono riyū wa, watashi mo onaji kimochi da kara desu.) |
| Natsuko: もう一度、お願いします。ゆっくり、お願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Yukkuri, onegai shimasu.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : いました！(Imashita!) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : さっきはすみませんでした。本当にすみませんでした。(Sakki wa sumimasen deshita. Hontō ni sumimasen deshita.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : えっ、本気にしましたか。ただの冗談ですよ。(E, honki ni shimashita ka. Tada no jōdan desu yo.) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ええ！冗談ですか。(Ee! Jōdan desu ka.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : もちろん。数学の教科書？だまされやすい人ですね。(Mochiron. Sūgaku no kyōkasho? Damasareyasui hito desu ne.) |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ひどいなあ。やりすぎですよ。僕はすごい勇気を出したのに。なんでそんなことをしましたか。(Hidoi nā. Yarisugi desu yo. Boku wa sugoi yūki o dashita noni. Nande sonna koto o shimashita ka.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : その理由は、私も同じ気持ちだからです。(Sono riyū wa, watashi mo onaji kimochi da kara desu.) |
| Yoshi: 次は、ピーターさんの英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Pītā-san no Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : いました！(Imashita!) |
| KAWAMOTO: There you are! |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : さっきはすみませんでした。(Sakki wa sumimasen deshita.) |
| WATANABE: I'm sorry about before. |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : 本当にすみませんでした。(Hontō ni sumimasen deshita.) |
| WATANABE: Really sorry. |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : えっ、本気にしましたか。(E, honki ni shimashita ka.) |
| KAWAMOTO: Huh? Did you take it seriously? |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : ただの冗談ですよ。(Tada no jōdan desu yo.) |
| KAWAMOTO: It's just a joke. |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ええ！冗談ですか。(Ee! Jōdan desu ka.) |
| WATANABE: Huh? A joke? |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : もちろん。(Mochiron.) |
| KAWAMOTO: Of course. |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : 数学の教科書？(Sūgaku no kyōkasho?) |
| KAWAMOTO: Math textbook? |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : だまされやすい人ですね。(Damasareyasui hito desu ne.) |
| KAWAMOTO: You are a gullible person, aren't you? |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : ひどいなあ。(Hidoi nā.) |
| WATANABE: How cruel. |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : やりすぎですよ。(Yarisugi desu yo.) |
| WATANABE: You went too far. |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : 僕はすごい勇気を出したのに。(Boku wa sugoi yūki o dashita noni.) |
| WATANABE: Even though I showed so much courage. |
| 渡辺 (Watanabe) : なんでそんなことをしましたか。(Nande sonna koto o shimashita ka.) |
| WATANABE: Why did you do something like that? |
| 川本 (Kawamoto) : その理由は、私も同じ気持ちだからです。(Sono riyū wa, watashi mo onaji kimochi da kara desu.) |
| KAWAMOTO: That reason is, I feel the same. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Natsuko: Huh! |
| Peter: Ah Natsuko-san, so sweet. Yoshi-san, let’s ask Natsuko-san what she thought of this? |
| Yoshi: ナツコさん、どうですか、この会話は。(Natsuko-san, dō desu ka, kono kaiwa wa.) |
| Natsuko: ちょっとうまく行きすぎですよね。(Chotto umaku ikisugi desu yo ne.) |
| Yoshi: そうですか。(Sō desu ka.) |
| Natsuko: なんかまだ、罠があるんじゃないかと思っちゃって。(Nanka mada, wana ga aru n ja nai ka to omotchatte.) |
| Peter: Well, there is still time for that. So don’t give up hope yet. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Okay, lots of vocab to cover in there plus some grammar points. So let’s get right in. Here we go. |
| Natsuko: 最初のキーワードは、さっき (Saisho no kīwādo wa, sakki) |
| Peter: Before. Now please listen for the slight pause in there. It’s not two syllables, it’s three syllables here. |
| Natsuko: (slow)さっき (sakki) |
| Peter: There is a slight pause, a small ちっちゃい「つ」(chitchai “tsu”) in there. So you have to watch out for that one because just saying |
| Natsuko: さき (saki) |
| Peter: Quickly, it means a different word. What word does that mean saying it quickly? |
| Natsuko: 先 (saki), ahead. |
| Peter: Yes. So you will often see in a car if you are driving, this ahead is the same character you will find in words such as |
| Natsuko: 先生 (sensei) |
| Peter: Teacher and |
| Natsuko: 先輩 (senpai) |
| Peter: One’s elder. So ahead of you in life. So again when it’s said quick, two syllables |
| Natsuko: 先 (saki) |
| Peter: Ahead, but the three syllable |
| Natsuko: さっき (sakki) |
| Peter: Means before. Now let’s get an example here. Natsuko-san, please ask Yoshi-san to give us an example here. |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、例をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, rei o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: さっき、ピーターさんから電話がありました。(Sakki, Pītā-san kara denwa ga arimashita.) |
| Peter: Before there was a call from Mr. Peter and how can we say just before? |
| Natsuko: ついさっき (tsui sakki) |
| Peter: I like that expression. One more time. |
| Natsuko: ついさっき (tsui sakki) |
| Peter: So how do we say just before Yoshi-san called? |
| Natsuko: ついさっき、ヨシさんから電話がありました。(Tsui sakki, Yoshi-san kara denwa ga arimashita.) |
| Peter: Yes. Before and just before. Next. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、冗談 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, jōdan.) |
| Peter: Joke. |
| Yoshi: (slow)じょうだん (jōdan) (natural speed) 冗談 (jōdan) |
| Peter: Now there is also a katakana word for joke, which is |
| Yoshi: ジョーク (jōku) |
| Peter: Break that down. |
| Yoshi: (slow)ジョーク (jōku) (natural speed) ジョーク (jōku) |
| Peter: Now I am having trouble understanding this concept because whenever I tell a joke in Japan, I always get 親父ギャグ (oyaji gyagu). I am not sure and the pronunciation isn’t there. What is this and what does it mean? First give us the proper pronunciation. |
| Natsuko: 親父ギャグ (oyaji gyagu) |
| Peter: Okay, 親父 (oyaji) as in old man and ギャグ (gyagu) as in like a joke. What does it mean? I hope it has a good meaning. I don’t think it does but what do we have? |
| Yoshi: 親父ギャグ (oyaji gyagu) means old man’s corny jokes. |
| Peter: Yeah, I didn’t think it had the best meaning. |
| Natsuko: Yeah, it’s more like little jokes and puns of really stereotypical things. |
| Peter: So basically I need to reform my jokes. All right, anybody out there with material, please send it in because yeah, I want to break this stereotype of my type of jokes. How about a joke? How about an example sentence? |
| Natsuko: A joke? |
| Peter: You don’t have…. All right. Let's get an example sentence, please. お願いします。(Onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 彼はいつも寒い冗談を言います。(Kare wa itsumo samui jōdan o iimasu.) |
| Peter: He is always telling bad jokes and again remember, Japanese use |
| Natsuko: 寒い (samui) |
| Peter: Or in the shortened version |
| Natsuko: さむっ (samu) |
| Peter: Probably better off saying the latter one. One more time, Natsuko-san. |
| Natsuko: さむっ (samu) |
| Peter: So next time you hear someone tell a bad joke, please use this one because if you say 寒い (samui), I don’t think it’s going to get through. I tried it once and people were looking at me like hah? And they recommended that we say the latter one. So again this means a cold feeling from the bad joke. I take it as more to your laughing today than just my pronunciation so… |
| Natsuko: No… |
| Peter: Okay, next. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、騙されやすい (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, damasareyasui) |
| Peter: Gullible. The literal meaning is easy to be tricked. It’s a complicated grammatical structure behind this but this phrase is a standalone adjective and it is why we are introducing it to you today. I love this word, gullible. |
| Natsuko: (slow)だまされやすい (damasareyasui) (natural speed) 騙されやすい (damasareyasui) |
| Peter: Oh, where is Sakura-san? I love…speaking of this. |
| Natsuko: She is also the one who doesn’t understand Peter’s joke. |
| Peter: Yes, because I know she will fall for this one. I will tell her, さくらさん、さくらさん、騙されやすい (Sakura-san, Sakura-san, damasareyasui) it’s not in my dictionary and I know that she will look it up. And I know she will read through the end of that like the meaning without getting it. What do you mean? It’s here, look I will read it to you. Okay, on to the next word. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、勇気 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, yūki) |
| Peter: Courage. |
| Yoshi: (slow)ゆうき (yūki) (natural speed) 勇気 (yūki) |
| Peter: Now in English, we say it takes courage. So in Japanese, take is かかる (kakaru) or かける (kakeru). So would we say 勇気をかける (yūki o kakeru), it takes courage? |
| Natsuko: No. |
| Peter: Not at all, right? |
| Natsuko: Yeah, never. |
| Peter: Yeah that’s the point we want to emphasize here. What verb do we use when we talk about 勇気 (yūki)? |
| Natsuko: ある (aru) |
| Peter: There is or |
| Natsuko: 出す (dasu) |
| Peter: To put out, put forward courage. So ある (aru) and 出す (dasu) are paired with this word, courage. Natsuko-san, speaking of Sakura-san! |
| Natsuko: Yes, she just jumped in. |
| Peter: Sakura-san… |
| Sakura: おまたせ。遅くなってごめんなさい。(Omatase. Osoku natte gomen nasai.) Sorry for being late. |
| Peter: It’s perfectly not acceptable. |
| Sakura: I know. I knew you would say that. |
| Peter: Then I want to take it back. Sakura-san, it’s so good to see you. We were just talking about you in the lesson. |
| Sakura: Really? |
| Peter: Good thing. There are lots of good things. |
| Sakura: 本当？(Hontō?) 本当？ ナツコ。(Hontō? Natsuko.) |
| Natsuko: Today’s vocab. |
| Peter: Yeah, let’s continue with today’s vocab. Next we have |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、理由 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, riyū) |
| Peter: Reason. |
| Natsuko: (slow)りゆう (riyū) (natural speed) 理由 (riyū) |
| Peter: Sakura-san, how long has it been since you’ve given us an example sentence? Are you up to it? |
| Sakura: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: Alright, let’s see what she got. |
| Sakura: 理由なき犯行。(Riyū naki hankō.) |
| Peter: Rebel without a cause. |
| Sakura: Yes. 理由もなく腹が立つ。(Riyū mo naku hara ga tatsu.) |
| Peter: Oh boy! Another idiomatic expression here. This week, we are going off with these. Give it to us one more time, please. |
| Sakura: 理由もなく腹が立つ。(Riyū mo naku hara ga tatsu.) |
| Peter: To get angry without any reason. |
| Sakura: わかるわかる。(Wakaru wakaru.) I understand. |
| Peter: I understand, too. |
| Natsuko: Me, too. |
| Peter: Right, Natsuko-san, for example, say you have a set time for someone to come to the studio and you are ready and participating. |
| Natsuko: There is a reason. |
| Sakura: 理由がある。(Riyū ga aru.) |
| Peter: Yes. Now umm, the second part was 腹が立つ (hara ga tatsu). Now this means “stomach is standing.” |
| Sakura: Yes. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Literally, but it means what? |
| Natsuko: To get angry. |
| Peter: Yes, to get angry. So, “stomach is standing,” one is angry. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Okay, now on to today’s grammar point and by the way, maybe we should apologize to Yoshi. We just ripped the mike away from him and gave it to Sakura or actually Sakura pulled it away from him. |
| Sakura: えへへ…どうぞ。(Ehehe… dōzo.) |
| Peter: Now it’s okay. I think everybody wants to hear you, Sakura-san. Okay, today we are going to be looking at how to form too much of something. Now in the dialogue, we had to say too much. So in today’s grammar point, we are going to be looking at too much as in excessive. Now in the dialogue, what did we have, Natsuko-san. |
| Natsuko: やりすぎ (yarisugi) |
| Peter: Too much. Now we should also point out here that やる (yaru) has the same meaning as |
| Natsuko: する (suru) |
| Peter: やる (yaru) is a class 1 verb and it is conjugated accordingly. Now in this instance, やりすぎ (yarisugi) means to go too far, do too much but what we are interested in here is the conjugation. The way we form the sugiru construction is we attach or add すぎる (sugiru) to the masu-stem of all verbs. For class 2 verb, we always use |
| Natsuko: 食べる (taberu) |
| Peter: To eat too much is |
| Natsuko: 食べ過ぎる (tabesugiru) |
| Peter: Then we have する (suru), class 3 to do too much. |
| Natsuko: しすぎる (shisugiru) |
| Peter: And our favorite class 1 verb 飲む (nomi), to drink too much. |
| Natsuko: 飲みすぎる (nomisugiru) |
| Peter: Okay, now more again on this in the PDF but one last point we want to get in before we have to go is that once this construction is formed, you actually wind up with a long class 2 verb 食べすぎる (tabesugiru), 飲みすぎる (nomisugiru), しすぎる (shisugiru) are all class 2 verbs. |
| Natsuko: Right. |
Outro |
| Peter: So once attaching the sugiru, you wind up with a bunch of class 2 verbs. Now please check out today’s PDF because this construction is also used for adjectives and we are out of time today so we can’t explain that but we may cover it in an upcoming episode but for those interested today, stop by the site, stop by and maybe ask a comment. Sakura-san, we will promise on air now to get back to you. There it was. So that’s going to do for today. |
| Natsuko: また明日ね。(Mata ashita ne.) |
| Peter: See you tomorrow. |
| Sakura: また明日ね。(Mata ashita ne.) |
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