Learn about the potential form of "suru"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natsuko: おはよう、南極。ナツコです。(Ohayō, Nankyoku. Natsuko desu.) |
| Take: おはよう、南極。タケです。(Ohayō, Nankyoku. Take desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Beginner lesson #76. All right. Joining us in the studio is Natsuko-san and Take-san. よろしくお願いします。(Yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: よろしくお願いします。(Yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| Take: よろしくお願いします。(Yoroshiku onegai shimasu.) |
| Peter: ナツコさん、今日元気ですか。(Natsuko-san, kyō genki desu ka.) |
| Natsuko: 元気ですよ。タケさんは？(Genki desu yo. Take-san wa?) |
| Take: はい、もちろん元気ですよ。ピーターは？(Hai, mochiron genki desu yo. Pītā wa?) |
| Peter: 相変わらず絶好調です。(Aikawarazu zekkōchō desu.) Because today we are going to be looking at the potential, yes. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: It’s been a while. We couldn’t say I can, I can, I can but now it’s all about the change. Now we’d like to remind you to come down to japanesepod101.com. Again inside the learning center, we have quizzes, we have a lot more material to help reinforce what you learned in the podcast. Also the PDF, inside the PDF, transcripts, vocab lists, a lot more detailed grammar explanation. So stop by, say hi, leave us a post, join the forum and we will be waiting for you at japanesepod101.com. With that said, let’s move on to today’s lesson. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| たけ (Take) : できますよ！絶対できます！(Dekimasu yo! Zettai dekimasu!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 無理ですよ。あなたには無理です。絶対できません！(Muri desu yo. Anata ni wa muri desu. Zettai dekimasen!) |
| たけ (Take) : 簡単ですよ。楽勝です。誰でもできます。(Kantan desu yo. Rakushō desu. Dare demo dekimasu.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あなたは時々おかしいですよ。これは難しいです。(Anata wa tokidoki okashii desu yo. Kore wa muzukashii desu.) |
| 技術とコツが必要です。あなたには両方ともありません。(Gijutsu to kotsu ga hitsuyō desu. Anata ni wa ryōhō tomo arimasen.) |
| 経験も大事です！とにかく、あなたにはできません。(Keiken mo daiji desu! Tonikaku, anata ni wa dekimasen.) |
| たけ (Take) : 絶対できます！よっしゃ！行きますよ！しまった！(Zettai dekimasu! Yossha! Ikimasu yo! Shimatta!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、オムレツは難しいです。(Hora, omuretsu wa muzukashii desu.) |
| Natsuko: もう一度お願いします。ゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu. Yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| たけ (Take) : できますよ！絶対できます！(Dekimasu yo! Zettai dekimasu!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 無理ですよ。あなたには無理です。絶対できません！(Muri desu yo. Anata ni wa muri desu. Zettai dekimasen!) |
| たけ (Take) : 簡単ですよ。楽勝です。誰でもできます。(Kantan desu yo. Rakushō desu. Dare demo dekimasu.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あなたは時々おかしいですよ。これは難しいです。(Anata wa tokidoki okashii desu yo. Kore wa muzukashii desu.) |
| 技術とコツが必要です。あなたには両方ともありません。(Gijutsu to kotsu ga hitsuyō desu. Anata ni wa ryōhō tomo arimasen.) |
| 経験も大事です！とにかく、あなたにはできません。(Keiken mo daiji desu! Tonikaku, anata ni wa dekimasen.) |
| たけ (Take) : 絶対できます！よっしゃ！行きますよ！しまった！(Zettai dekimasu! Yossha! Ikimasu yo! Shimatta!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、オムレツは難しいです。(Hora, omuretsu wa muzukashii desu.) |
| Take: 次は、ピーターの英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Pītā no Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| たけ (Take) : できますよ！(Dekimasu yo!) |
| TAKE: I can do it. |
| たけ (Take) : 絶対できます！(Zettai dekimasu!) |
| TAKE: I can definitely do it. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 無理ですよ。(Muri desu yo.) |
| NATSUKO: It's impossible. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あなたには無理です。(Anata ni wa muri desu.) |
| NATSUKO: IIt's impossible for you. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 絶対できません！(Zettai dekimasen!) |
| NATSUKO: You definitely can't do it! |
| たけ (Take) : 簡単ですよ。(Kantan desu yo.) |
| TAKE: It's easy. |
| たけ (Take) : 楽勝です。(Rakushō desu.) |
| TAKE: Piece of cake. |
| たけ (Take) : 誰でもできます。(Dare demo dekimasu.) |
| TAKE: Anybody can do it. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あなたは時々おかしいですよ。(Anata wa tokidoki okashii desu yo.) |
| NATSUKO: Sometimes you are strange. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : これは難しいです。(Kore wa muzukashii desu.) |
| NATSUKO: This is difficult. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 技術とコツが必要です。(Gijutsu to kotsu ga hitsuyō desu.) |
| NATSUKO: Technique and a knack are necessary. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : あなたには両方ともありません。(Anata ni wa ryōhō tomo arimasen.) |
| NATSUKO: You don't have either. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 経験も大事です！(Keiken mo daiji desu!) |
| NATSUKO: Experience is also important. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : とにかく、あなたにはできません。(Tonikaku, anata ni wa dekimasen.) |
| NATSUKO: Anyway, you can't do it. |
| たけ (Take) : 絶対できます！(Zettai dekimasu!) |
| TAKE: I can do it! |
| たけ (Take) : よっしゃ！(Yossha!) |
| TAKE: Alright! |
| たけ (Take) : 行きますよ！(Ikimasu yo!) |
| TAKE: Here I go! |
| たけ (Take) : しまった！(Shimatta!) |
| TAKE: I messed up! |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : ほら、オムレツは難しいです。(Hora, omuretsu wa muzukashii desu.) |
| NATSUKO: Look (I told you), omelets are difficult. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: All this for an omelet? |
| Natsuko: Yes, about making an omelet. |
| Peter: Natsuko, can Take-san make an omelet? |
| Natsuko: タケさん、オムレツ作れますか。(Take-san, omuretsu tsukuremasu ka.) |
| Take: 運がよければ作れるんですけどね。(Un ga yokereba tsukureru n desu kedo ne.) |
| Natsuko: 私もです。(Watashi mo desu.) |
| Peter: 私はできます。(Watashi wa dekimasu.) |
| Natsuko: ええ、本当ですか。(Ee, hontō desu ka.) |
| Peter: 本当です。(Hontō desu.) |
| Natsuko: じゃあ、今度作ってください。(Jā, kondo tsukutte kudasai.) |
| Peter: 無理です。(Muri desu.) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Okay, lots of vocab in there. Let’s get right in. Natsuko-san, who is our guest today? |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、こんにちは。(Yoshi-san, kon’nichiwa.) |
| Yoshi: こんにちは。(Kon’nichiwa.) |
| Peter: こんにちは、ヨシさん。(Kon’nichiwa, Yoshi-san.) Great to have you here. All right, lots of vocab. So let’s get right in. ナツコさん、お願いします。(Natsuko-san, onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 最初のキーワードは、誰でも (Saisho no kīwādo wa, dare demo) |
| Peter: Anyone, everyone. |
| Natsuko: (slow)だれでも (dare demo) (natural speed)誰でも (dare demo) |
| Peter: ナツコさん、例文お願いします。(Natsuko-san, reibun onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: どんな人がいいですか。(Donna hito ga ii desu ka.) |
| Peter: What kind of person is good? Yoshi-san, can we have an answer? |
| Yoshi: 誰でもいいです。(Dare demo ii desu.) |
| Peter: Anyone is okay. Anyone is good. Now I don’t know if this is the best way to approach looking for human resources for your company but… |
| Natsuko: Sounds desperate. |
| Peter: Very desperate. So let’s get that exchange one more time. |
| Natsuko: どんな人がいいですか。(Donna hito ga ii desu ka.) |
| Yoshi: 誰でもいいです。(Dare demo ii desu.) |
| Peter: Let’s get one more example. ヨシさん、お願いします。(Yoshi-san, onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: そんな問題誰でもわかります。(Sonna mondai dare demo wakarimasu.) |
| Peter: And Natsuko, how do we say this in English? |
| Natsuko: Anyone can understand such a question. |
| Peter: One more time, Yoshi-san. |
| Yoshi: そんな問題誰でもわかります。(Sonna mondai dare demo wakarimasu.) |
| Peter: Okay, next word. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、おかしい (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, okashii) |
| Peter: Something wrong with, silly or ridiculous. Makes no sense. |
| Yoshi: (slow)おかしい (okashii) (natural speed)おかしい (okashii) ナツコさん、例文お願いします。(Natsuko-san, reibun onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 最近、彼女の様子がおかしいです。(Saikin, kanojo no yōsu ga okashii desu.) |
| Peter: Recently, there seems to be something wrong with her. |
| Yoshi: もう一度お願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 最近、彼女の様子がおかしいです。ヨシさん、もう一つ例文をお願いします。(Saikin, kanojo no yōsu ga okashii desu. Yoshi-san, mō hitotsu reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 今日はコンピュータの調子がおかしい。(Kyō wa konpyūtā no chōshi ga okashii.) |
| Peter: There seems to be something wrong with the computer today. |
| Natsuko: もう一度お願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 今日はコンピュータの調子がおかしい。(Kyō wa konpyūtā no chōshi ga okashii.) |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、技術 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, gijutsu) |
| Peter: Skill, technique. |
| Natsuko: (slow)ぎじゅつ (gijutsu) (natural speed)技術 (gijutsu) |
| Peter: Natsuko-san, how do we say that person has skill or technique? |
| Natsuko: あの人は、技術があります。(Ano hito wa, gijutsu ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: One more time, Yoshi-san. |
| Yoshi: あの人は、技術があります。(Ano hito wa, gijutsu ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: Okay, next word. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、コツ (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, kotsu) |
| Peter: Knowhow, knack, trick. |
| Yoshi: (slow)こつ (kotsu) (natural speed)コツ (kotsu) |
| Peter: Now this word is often written in katakana, correct Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Now what is the verb that goes along with this word? |
| Natsuko: コツをつかむ (kotsu o tsukamu) |
| Peter: Yes, to get the hang of. One more time, Natsuko-san. |
| Natsuko: コツをつかむ (kotsu o tsukamu) |
| Peter: Okay, and break down that verb. |
| Natsuko: (slow)つかむ (tsukamu) (natural speed)つかむ (tsukamu) |
| Peter: And what does this mean, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: Grab. |
| Peter: Yeah. So you grab the knowhow. You get the knack of it. Get the hang of it. Nice little expression. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Yoshi-san, can you give us an example? |
| Yoshi: 運転のコツをつかみました。(Unten no kotsu o tsukamimashita.) |
| Peter: To get the hang of driving, to get the knack of driving. One more time. |
| Yoshi: 運転のコツをつかみました。(Unten no kotsu o tsukamimashita.) |
| Peter: Nice job. Okay, next word. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、両方とも (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, ryōhō tomo) |
| Peter: Both A and B. |
| Natsuko: (slow)りょうほうとも (ryōhō tomo) (natural speed)両方とも (ryōhō tomo) ヨシさん、例文をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 肉も魚も両方とも好きです。(Niku mo sakana mo ryōhō tomo suki desu.) |
| Peter: To like both fish and meat. |
| Yoshi: ナツコさん、もう一つ例文をお願いします。(Natsuko-san, mō hitotsu reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 親は両方とも働いています。(Oya wa ryōhō tomo hataraite imasu.) |
| Peter: Both of the parents are working. Next. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、経験 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, keiken) |
| Peter: Experience. |
| Yoshi: (slow)けいけん (keiken) (natural speed)経験 (keiken) ナツコさん、例文をお願いします。(Natsuko-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 沖縄で面白い経験をしました。(Okinawa de omoshiroi keiken o shimashita.) |
| Peter: In Okinawa, I had an interesting experience. |
| Yoshi: もう一度お願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、もう一つ例文をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, mō hitotsu reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: はい。海外旅行の経験がありません。(Hai. Kaigai ryokō no keiken ga arimasen.) |
| Peter: I don’t have any experience traveling abroad. Natsuko-san. |
| Natsuko: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: 経験ありますか。(Keiken arimasu ka.) |
| Natsuko: はい、あります。(Hai, arimasu.) |
| Peter: Okay. And we all know Yoshi has been overseas too long. |
| Natsuko: Too long? |
| Yoshi: ありません。(Arimasen.) |
| Peter: Okay, there is also one more word that I want to put in here. What do you call an experienced person or someone with experience? |
| Natsuko: 経験者 (keikensha) |
| Peter: If you have an experience in something, you are called |
| Natsuko: 経験者 (keikensha) |
| Peter: Yes okay, next word. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、大事 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, daiji) |
| Peter: Important. |
| Natsuko: (slow)だいじ (daiji) (natural speed)大事 (daiji) ヨシさん、例文をお願いします。(Yoshi-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: ピーターさん、大事な話があります。(Pītā-san, daiji na hanashi ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: Peter, I have something important to talk to you about. I don’t like the sound of that. Not too many good things. |
| Natsuko: Oh, sounds like trouble! |
| Peter: Can you just give us one more time, the sentence? |
| Yoshi: 大事な話があります。(Daiji na hanashi ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: How can we answer this like I don’t think too many good things come of this? |
| Natsuko: Right. |
| Peter: So what’s a good way to get out of this, 用事があります (yōji ga arimasu)? |
| Natsuko: Maybe. |
| Peter: Yeah. Uh scary, scary sentence. Okay, next. |
| Yoshi: 次のキーワードは、とにかく (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, tonikaku) |
| Peter: Anyway, just, simply. |
| Yoshi: (slow)とにかく (tonikaku) (natural speed)とにかく (tonikaku) |
| Natsuko: あの映画はとにかくすごくよかった。(Ano eiga wa tonikaku sugoku yokatta.) |
| Peter: That movie, it was just fantastic. Also this can be used as a topic changer, right but it’s a little bit abrasive if you want to use it that way. |
| Natsuko: Umm, maybe yes. |
| Peter: So someone is talking about something and you want to change the subject, you can say |
| Natsuko: とにかく (tonikaku) |
| Peter: But used in this context, a bit abrasive. Right, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: Yes, it sounds more like wrapping up and moving to another topic. |
| Peter: For example, when Yoshi starts to talk, we can just say とにかく (tonikaku). Let’s move on to the next subject. |
| Natsuko: 大事な話があります。(Daiji na hanashi ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: Nice. We can just say とにかく (tonikaku). |
| Natsuko: とにかく次のキーワードにいきましょう。(Tonikaku tsugi no kīwādo ni ikimashō.) |
| Peter: Nice. Okay, Natsuko, next word, please. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、オムレツ (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, omuretsu) |
| Peter: Omelet. |
| Natsuko: (slow)おむれつ (omuretsu) (natural speed)オムレツ (omuretsu) |
| Peter: Natsuko-san, let’s ask Yoshi-san, what kind of omelet is his favorite? |
| Natsuko: ヨシさんは、どんなオムレツが好きですか。(Yoshi-san wa, donna omuretsu ga suki desu ka.) |
| Yoshi: おいしいオムレツが好きです。(Oishii omuretsu ga suki desu.) |
| Natsuko: 私もです。(Watashi mo desu.) |
| Yoshi: 何でもいいです。(Nan demo ii desu.) |
| Peter: Okay, interesting point. Can you just give that answer one more time? |
| Yoshi: 何でもいいです。(Nan demo ii desu.) |
| Peter: Now if you remember the word for anyone or everyone, which is |
| Natsuko: 誰でも (dare demo) |
| Peter: We take |
| Natsuko: 誰 (dare) |
| Peter: Which is the word for who and we add |
| Natsuko: でも (demo) |
| Peter: One more time, Yoshi-san |
| Yoshi: 何でもいいです。(Nan demo ii desu.) |
| Peter: Anything or everything is okay. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Picky eater you are. So we take 何 (nan), what and we add |
| Natsuko: でも (demo) |
| Peter: To make everything or anything. |
| Natsuko: 何でも (nan demo) |
| Peter: Yes. Okay, now let’s move on to today’s point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Natsuko: 今日のポイントは、できる (Kyō no pointo wa, dekiru) |
| Peter: This is the dictionary form of the potential of which verb, Natsuko? |
| Natsuko: する (suru) |
| Peter: Yes, so |
| Natsuko: できる (dekiru) |
| Peter: Can, to be able. Now this is a dictionary form. What’s the negative dictionary form, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: できない (dekinai) |
| Peter: Okay, and what’s the polite and the negative polite? |
| Natsuko: できます、できません (dekimasu, dekimasen) |
| Peter: Now できる (dekiru) is which class of verb, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: Class 2 verb. |
| Peter: Yes, class 2. So conjugates the same way. We drop the る (ru) and we add |
| Natsuko: ます (masu) |
| Peter: Or in the negative case |
| Natsuko: ません (masen) |
| Peter: And for the informal we just drop the る (ru) and we add |
| Natsuko: ない (nai) |
| Peter: Okay. Now again this week we are going to be covering this verb in detail plus inside the PDF, we are going to have more. Now Natsuko-san, can you give us an example sentence? |
| Natsuko: 日本語ができますか。(Nihon-go ga dekimasu ka.) |
| Peter: Can you use Japanese and also included in this, can you speak Japanese, can you read Japanese? Everything is kind of rolled into this one. Let’s ask Yoshi-san. |
| Natsuko: ヨシさん、日本語ができますか。(Yoshi-san, Nihon-go ga dekimasu ka.) |
| Yoshi: いいえ、できません。中国語はできます。(Iie, dekimasen. Chūgoku-go wa dekimasu.) |
| Peter: Very nice. |
| Natsuko: Wow! |
| Peter: Yoshi-san can’t speak Japanese, can’t use Japanese but he can use Chinese. Very interesting. |
| Natsuko: Umm. |
Outro |
| Peter: All right, that's going to do it for today. |
| Natsuko: また明日ね。(Mata ashita ne.) |
| Yoshi: またね。(Mata ne.) |
| Peter: See you tomorrow. |
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