Learn about introducing transitive and intransitive verb
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yoshi: おはよう、パンゲア。よしです。(Ohayō, Pangea. Yoshi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Beginner lesson #149. Yoshi-san, |
| Yoshi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: Welcome to the studio. It’s great to have you. |
| Yoshi: It’s only us? |
| Peter: Well somebody, I think Natsuko-san will be along later but for now, let’s tell everyone what we are going to be talking about today. よしさん、お願いします。(Yoshi-san, onegai shimasu.) |
| Yoshi: 今日は虫についてですね。(Kyō wa mushi ni tsuite desu ne.) |
| Peter: Today we are talking about bugs. |
| Yoshi: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: Insects. Now that’s just a topic of today’s conversation. Now we chose this topic for a specific reason. That reason is we are continuing today with transitive and intransitive verbs. In the previous beginner lesson #148, we went over this topic. Today we are going to reinforce. So with that said, please listen to today’s dialogue. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 今日は何でこんなに電車がこんでいるの？(Kyō wa nande konna ni densha ga konde iru no?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、そうだ。今日東京ドームでイベントがある。(Ā, sō da. Kyō Tōkyō dōmu de ibento ga aru.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 何のイベント？(Nan no ibento?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、なんだっけ？あの、虫を集めること。ああ、思い出せない！(Ā, nan dakke? Ano, mushi o atsumeru koto. Ā, omoidasenai!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集めること？(Mushi o atsumeru koto?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : そう。虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まるイベント。(Sō. Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru ibento.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まる？(Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : 何て言うんだっけ？わかるでしょ。ほら、あれ、あれ。(Nan te iu n dakke? Wakaru desho. Hora, are, are.) |
| 他人 (tanin) : 昆虫採集でしょう。(Konchū saishū deshō.) |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ、そうだ。すいません。ありがとうございます。(A, sō da. Suimasen. Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Natsuko: もう一度お願いします。ゆっくりお願いします。(Mō ichi-do onegai shimasu, Yukkuri onegai shimasu.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 今日は何でこんなに電車がこんでいるの？(Kyō wa nande konna ni densha ga konde iru no?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、そうだ。今日東京ドームでイベントがある。(Ā, sō da. Kyō Tōkyō dōmu de ibento ga aru.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 何のイベント？(Nan no ibento?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、なんだっけ？あの、虫を集めること。ああ、思い出せない！(Ā, nan dakke? Ano, mushi o atsumeru koto. Ā, omoidasenai!) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集めること？(Mushi o atsumeru koto?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : そう。虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まるイベント。(Sō. Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru ibento.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まる？(Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru?) |
| よし (Yoshi) : 何て言うんだっけ？わかるでしょ。ほら、あれ、あれ。(Nan te iu n dakke? Wakaru desho. Hora, are, are.) |
| 他人 (tanin) : 昆虫採集でしょう。(Konchū saishū deshō.) |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ、そうだ。すいません。ありがとうございます。(A, sō da. Suimasen. Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 次は、ピーターさんの英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Pītā-san no Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 今日は何でこんなに電車がこんでいるの？(Kyō wa nande konna ni densha ga konde iru no?) |
| NATSUKO: Why is the train so packed today? |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、そうだ。(Ā, sō da.) |
| YOSHI: Oh, right! |
| よし (Yoshi) : 今日東京ドームでイベントがある。(Kyō Tōkyō dōmu de ibento ga aru.) |
| YOSHI: There is an event at the Tokyo Dome today. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 何のイベント？(Nan no ibento?) |
| NATSUKO: What kind of event is it? |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、なんだっけ？あの、虫を集めること。(Ā, nan dakke? Ano, mushi o atsumeru koto.) |
| YOSHI: Oh, what is it? Well, something like bug collecting. |
| よし (Yoshi) : ああ、思い出せない！(Ā, omoidasenai!) |
| YOSHI: I can't remember. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集めること？(Mushi o atsumeru koto?) |
| NATSUKO: Bug collecting? |
| よし (Yoshi) : そう。虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まるイベント。(Sō. Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru ibento.) |
| YOSHI: Yes, an event where people who collect bugs gather together at the Tokyo Dome. |
| 夏子 (Natsuko) : 虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まる？(Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru?) |
| NATSUKO: People who collect bugs will gather at the Tokyo dome? |
| よし (Yoshi) : 何て言うんだっけ？わかるでしょ。ほら、あれ、あれ。(Nan te iu n dakke? Wakaru desho. Hora, are, are.) |
| YOSHI: What's it called again? You know, right? Come on! That, that. |
| 他人 (tanin) : 昆虫採集でしょう。(Konchū saishū deshō.) |
| STRANGER: That's insect collecting, right? |
| よし (Yoshi) : あ、そうだ。すいません。ありがとうございます。(A, sō da. Suimasen. Arigatō gozaimasu.) |
| YOSHI: Oh, that's right. Thank you very much. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: All right Yoshi-san, let’s ask Natsuko-san what she thought of today’s conversation. |
| Yoshi: ナツコさん、今日の会話はどうでしたか。(Natsuko-san, kyō no kaiwa wa dō deshita ka.) |
| Natsuko: 昆虫採集のイベントってあんまり聞いたことないですけどね。(Konchū saishū no ibento tte anmari kiita koto nai desu kedo ne.) |
| Peter: Yeah, I haven’t heard of an insect collecting event either, especially one at Tokyo Dome. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: But you never know. |
| Natsuko: Right. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: So let’s take a look at today’s vocab words. Yoshi-san, first word. |
| Yoshi: 東京ドーム (Tōkyō dōmu) |
| Peter: Tokyo dome. |
| Yoshi: (slow) とうきょうどーむ (Tōkyō dōmu) (natural speed) 東京ドーム (Tōkyō dōmu) |
| Peter: Located in the center of Tokyo and this is home to the Yomiuri Giants, correct? |
| Natsuko: Yes, I think so. |
| Peter: And lots of other major events are held there. They actually have a professional football league in Japan. So some games are held there. Anything else? No soccer games, right? |
| Natsuko: No. |
| Peter: Or football games. |
| Natsuko: No. |
| Peter: Yeah, and lots of big events. Now very accessible. Just take the subway and you are right there plus right next door, they actually have an amusement park. |
| Natsuko: Yes. 後楽園 (Kōrakuen) |
| Peter: 後楽園 (Kōrakuen), have you been there? |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Have you been on the roller coaster? |
| Natsuko: Yes. I love that. |
| Peter: They have a roller coaster that’s right above the buildings. |
| Natsuko: Yeah, it’s thrilling. It’s like diving into the building. |
| Peter: Yeah, right. It’s pretty interesting. Yoshi-san, have you been there? |
| Yoshi: No, I haven’t been there yet. I should go. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Yeah. |
| Natsuko: Recommendable. |
| Peter: Yeah, I think I would like to ride that too. Last time we went there, we didn’t have enough time. So we just ate and then went to the event but it’s really, really interesting, right in the... It reminds me a bit of Madison Square Garden. |
| Natsuko: Hah! I have never been there. |
| Peter: In New York, you take the train and it goes right below Madison Square Garden. So if you are going to a Nick game or a Ranger game or some event at the garden, you don’t even have to leave the station. Just go up and you are there. All right, so let’s move on to the next one. |
| Natsuko: イベント (ibento) |
| Peter: Event. |
| Natsuko: (slow) いべんと (ibento) (natural speed) イベント (ibento) |
| Peter: Next we have |
| Yoshi: 虫 (mushi) |
| Peter: Insect. |
| Yoshi: (slow) むし (mushi) (natural speed) 虫 (mushi) |
| Peter: Now again and again, we try to find similarities between the languages Japanese and English. Now this word insect, with this word, I think we could find some similarities. Okay, now Yoshi-san, what’s the name of a person who reads all the time? |
| Yoshi: 本の虫 (hon no mushi) |
| Peter: Books bug. Now the interesting thing about this is sometimes 虫 (mushi) can be in worm, so books worm or worm of the book. Now Natsuko-san, what’s that English word we have? |
| Natsuko: Bookworm. |
| Peter: Yeah, same expression here. Bookworm, books worm. You know some things are quite similar. Yoshi-san, how can we ask Natsuko-san if she is a bookworm? |
| Yoshi: ナツコさんは、本の虫ですか。(Natsuko-san wa, hon no mushi desu ka.) |
| Natsuko: あんまりそういう風に聞かれたことないですけどね。(Anmari sō iu fū ni kikareta koto nai desu kedo ne.) |
| Peter: Yeah. I don’t think it kind of works out the same here. |
| Natsuko: そうかも。(Sō kamo.) |
| Peter: Umm, I don’t think yeah this is – hearing it, it doesn’t really work out the same. Now is there a negative nuance to this? |
| Natsuko: Not really. |
| Peter: But you just don’t ask people if they are bookworms. |
| Natsuko: Yeah. |
| Peter: I guess now then I hear it in English too. Are you a bookworm? Yeah, it sounds... but maybe this would work. He is a bookworm or she is a bookworm. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Yoshi-san, how can we say Natsuko-san is a bookworm? |
| Yoshi: ナツコさんは、本の虫です。(Natsuko-san wa, hon no mushi desu.) |
| Peter: All right, that worked out very nice. Now there are a few more phrases that we should cover that deal with insects and bugs. Natsuko-san, what’s that word for a weak person? |
| Natsuko: 弱虫 (yowamushi) |
| Peter: Break that down. |
| Natsuko: (slow) よわむし (yowamushi) (natural speed) 弱虫 (yowamushi) |
| Peter: In English, we have chicken. You are a chicken and we use this for let’s use that roller coaster as an example. If someone won’t ride the roller coaster, we will say oh you are a chicken. Can we use 弱虫 (yowamushi) in the same way? |
| Natsuko: Yeah, I think we can use that. |
| Peter: So maybe Yoshi-san, maybe we could kind of equate this to in English chicken. |
| Yoshi: In some ways, yeah. |
| Peter: All right now, one more. |
| Yoshi: 泣き虫 (nakimushi) |
| Peter: Cry baby. Crying bug. So we started from the similarities between the two languages and now we are pretty far away. Crying bugs. So I wonder where this one comes from. |
| Natsuko: 腹の虫かな。(Hara no mushi ka na.) We also have 腹の虫 (hara no mushi). |
| Peter: Stomach’s bug or bug of the stomach. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Like a real bug? |
| Natsuko: No, no, no, no, no… |
| Peter: Yoshi-san, help us out here or somebody elaborate. |
| Yoshi: It’s like an emotional bug. |
| Peter: Ah! |
| Yoshi: That when you get angry, you can say 腹の虫がおさまらない (hara no mushi ga osamaranai). That means you can’t control your emotional bug in your stomach. |
| Natsuko: And also 腹の虫がなる (hara no mushi ga naru). |
| Peter: The stomach’s bug is calling. |
| Natsuko: Yes. When you are hungry. |
| Peter: Very interesting. I’ve never heard these expressions. |
| Natsuko: Oh really? |
| Peter: Yeah. Maybe I’ve heard them but I just never picked them up. |
| Natsuko: Or maybe it’s more frequently used when written as a metaphor. |
| Peter: Yeah, I think we’ve come to the realization that I need to read more both in English and Japanese. All right, this is fun. Any more with the bugs? I spent the whole lesson on the bugs but the bugs are fun. Okay, let’s move on to our next word. We have |
| Natsuko: 集める (atsumeru) |
| Peter: To gather. |
| Natsuko: (slow) あつめる (atsumeru) (natural speed) 集める (atsumeru) |
| Peter: Now this is transitive. In the dialogue, we had |
| Natsuko: 虫を集める (mushi o atsumeru) |
| Peter: Bugs gather. The direct object is the bugs. That’s why it’s marked by the object marker |
| Natsuko: を (o) |
| Peter: And as there is direct action being taken on those bugs, we have the transitive verb |
| Natsuko: 集める (atsumeru) |
| Peter: Now notice the last two syllables める (meru), 集める (atsumeru). Yoshi-san, what do we have next? |
| Yoshi: 集まる (atsumaru) |
| Peter: To gather. Also to gather, but here we have the intransitive. Yoshi-san, break it down. Pay attention to the third syllable. |
| Yoshi: (slow) あつまる (atsumaru) (natural speed) 集まる (atsumaru) |
| Peter: The difference between the transitive, which was 集める (atsumeru) and the intransitive 集まる (atsumaru) is the third syllable. Here 集める (atsumeru) is the transitive and 集まる (atsumaru) is the intransitive. Listen to the following sentence, remember the other lessons we introduced to you. So listen to the following sentence that we had in the dialogue. Yoshi-san, |
| Yoshi: 人が東京ドームに集まる。(Hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru.) |
| Peter: People will gather at the Tokyo Dome. No direct object here, they are gathering at a location. No を (o), nothing marked by that object marker. Now the reason we gave you this dialogue and repeated over and over and gave you that one particular sentence is, we want to use this sentence to exemplify the difference between transitive and intransitive. Okay Natsuko-san, give us that whole sentence one time. |
| Natsuko: 虫を集める人が東京ドームに集まる。(Mushi o atsumeru hito ga Tōkyō dōmu ni atsumaru.) |
| Peter: Remember, in Japanese when describing a noun, the description precedes the noun. It comes first. So the description of 人 (hito) people is what, Natsuko-san? |
| Natsuko: 虫を集める (mushi o atsumeru) |
| Peter: Bug gather, bugs gather, bugs collect. |
| Natsuko: 人 (hito) |
| Peter: People. Okay, so literally we have “bugs gather people.” In English, we have to take the description that comes in the front and put it after. So people who collect bugs, people who collect bugs, followed by |
| Natsuko: が (ga) |
| Peter: Marking them. |
| Natsuko: 東京ドーム (Tōkyō dōmu) |
| Peter: Tokyo dome. |
| Natsuko: に (ni) |
| Peter: At. |
| Natsuko: 集まる (atsumaru) |
| Peter: Gather. People who collect bugs will gather at Tokyo Dome. The key here is when we have a direct object, we use the transitive verb 集める (atsumeru) and when we use the intransitive, we have 集まる (atsumaru). Okay, so we ran out of time. We had too much talking about the bugs but quite important. |
| Natsuko: Oh my god! |
Outro |
|---|
| Peter: All right, that’s going to do it for today. |
| Natsuko: じゃあ、また明日ね。(Jā, mata ashita ne.) |
| Yoshi: またね。(Mata ne.) |
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