Learn about the -te morau formation
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natsuko: おはよう、ルクセンブルク。ナツコです。(Ohayō, Rukusenburuku. Natsuko desu.) |
| Take: おはよう、ルクセンブルク。タケです。(Ohayō, Rukusenburuku. Take desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Beginner lesson #106. All right, weird weather, huge lesson. Natsuko-san. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: What’s the main word for today? I will give you a hint. It has to do with the weather. |
| Natsuko: 台風 (taifū) |
| Peter: And why would that be? |
| Natsuko: There are I think about three typhoons coming to Japan, isn’t it? |
| Peter: That’s right, three! |
| Natsuko: Three in a row. |
| Peter: In a row. |
| Natsuko: Well it’s not so unusual in Japan. |
| Peter: Three in a row. That’s pretty unusual. |
| Natsuko: Really? |
| Peter: In the US, we have hurricanes and we give them names according to the alphabet. So the first one will start with an A, B, C and so on. How does it work in Japan? |
| Natsuko: Oh, they just call them by numbers. |
| Peter: So what numbers are headed this way? |
| Natsuko: 台風7号、8号、9号。(Taifū nana-gō, hachi-gō, kyū-gō.) |
| Peter: They all get the suffix |
| Natsuko: 号 (gō) |
| Peter: Is that a long vowel or a short vowel? |
| Natsuko: Long. |
| Peter: Break it down, please. |
| Natsuko: (slow) ごう (gō) (natural speed) 号 (gō) |
| Peter: So last night it started to rain and it looks like it’s going to be raining for a long time. |
| Natsuko: Maybe not really long because you know once the typhoon is gone... oh yes, there is another. |
| Peter: Yeah, we will keep you posted. Okay, so much going on. We are back with lesson #4 of 6 covering, giving and receiving verbs. Today Natsuko-san, we will be covering |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: To have something done for one. Now Natsuko-san, this lesson is out of control. It’s going to be four voice actors. |
| Natsuko: Wow! |
| Peter: Now a little bit of background to the conversation. We have three students getting ready for a test. The test will start shortly and the professor is giving instructions, kind of counting down to the test. Now one of those students has a bunch of pencils and you need pencils to take the test. So the other kids need to borrow pencils. That’s the background for our story. Now we’d like to point out. In this dialogue, the second speaker, Yamada-san, she will use the informal way of speaking at first and the reason she does this is she is talking to herself. When addressing yourself, you use informal Japanese. Then in the middle of her sentence when she addresses Honda-san, she switches to polite Japanese. Now again, what we want to do is get you more and more used to normal conversations and the way Japanese is spoken depending upon that relationship. So please pay attention to this point in today’s dialogue. So without further adieu, here is the conversation between three kids getting ready for a test. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 皆さん、試験は五分後に始まります。(Mina-san, shiken wa go-fun go ni hajimarimasu.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : やばい。鉛筆がない。あ、本田さんがいっぱい持ってる。本田さん、鉛筆を貸してください。(Yabai. Enpitsu ga nai. A, Honda-san ga ippai motte ru. Honda-san, enpitsu o kashite kudasai.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : いいですよ。どうぞ。(Ii desu yo. Dōzo.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : ありがとうございます！(Arigatō gozaimasu!) |
| じゅん (Jun) : ね、山田さん、他にも鉛筆を持ってますか。(Ne, Yamada-san, hoka ni mo enpitsu o motte masu ka.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : いいえ。本田さんにこの鉛筆を貸してもらいました。(Iie. Honda-san ni kono enpitsu o kashite moraimashita.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : 本田さん！一本お願いします！(Honda-san! Ippon onegai shimasu!) |
| 本田 (Honda) : はい、一本500円でございます。男子には特別料金をもらいます。(Hai, ippon go-hyaku-en de gozaimasu. Danshi ni wa tokubetsu ryōkin o moraimasu.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : はあ！特別料金？どういうことですか。(Hā! Tokubetsu ryōkin? Dō iu koto desu ka.) |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 試験は後二分です。(Shiken wa ato ni-fun desu.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : ああ、今から一本、1000円です。(Ā, ima kara ippon, sen-en desu.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : はい、はい、一本お願いします。(Hai, hai, ippon onegai shimasu.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : どうもありがとうございます。領収書はいいですか。(Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu. Ryōshūsho wa ii desu ka.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : 結構です。(Kekkō desu.) |
| Natsuko: もう一度、お願いします。ゆっくり、お願いします。(Mō ichi-do, onegai shimasu. Yukkuri, onegai shimasu.) |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 皆さん、試験は五分後に始まります。(Mina-san, shiken wa go-fun go ni hajimarimasu.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : やばい。鉛筆がない。あ、本田さんがいっぱい持ってる。本田さん、鉛筆を貸してください。(Yabai. Enpitsu ga nai. A, Honda-san ga ippai motte ru. Honda-san, enpitsu o kashite kudasai.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : いいですよ。どうぞ。(Ii desu yo. Dōzo.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : ありがとうございます！(Arigatō gozaimasu!) |
| じゅん (Jun) : ね、山田さん、他にも鉛筆を持ってますか。(Ne, Yamada-san, hoka ni mo enpitsu o motte masu ka.) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : いいえ。本田さんにこの鉛筆を貸してもらいました。(Iie. Honda-san ni kono enpitsu o kashite moraimashita.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : 本田さん！一本お願いします！(Honda-san! Ippon onegai shimasu!) |
| 本田 (Honda) : はい、一本500円でございます。男子には特別料金をもらいます。(Hai, ippon go-hyaku-en de gozaimasu. Danshi ni wa tokubetsu ryōkin o moraimasu.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : はあ！特別料金？どういうことですか。(Hā! Tokubetsu ryōkin? Dō iu koto desu ka.) |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 試験は後二分です。(Shiken wa ato ni-fun desu.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : ああ、今から一本、1000円です。(Ā, ima kara ippon, sen-en desu.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : はい、はい、一本お願いします。(Hai, hai, ippon onegai shimasu.) |
| 本田 (Honda) : どうもありがとうございます。領収書はいいですか。(Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu. Ryōshūsho wa ii desu ka.) |
| じゅん (Jun) : 結構です。(Kekkō desu.) |
| Natsuko: 次は、ピーターさんの英語が入ります。(Tsugi wa, Pītā-san no Eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 皆さん、試験は五分後に始まります。(Mina-san, shiken wa go-fun go ni hajimarimasu.) |
| TEACHER: Everyone, the test will begin in five minutes. |
| 山田 (Yamada) : やばい。鉛筆がない。(Yabai. Enpitsu ga nai.) |
| YAMADA: Oh boy, I don't have a pencil. |
| 山田 (Yamada) : あ、本田さんがいっぱい持ってる。本田さん、鉛筆を貸してください。(A, Honda-san ga ippai motte ru. Honda-san, enpitsu o kashite kudasai.) |
| YAMADA: Ah, Honda has a bunch. Honda, please lend me a pencil. |
| 本田 (Honda) : いいですよ。どうぞ。(Ii desu yo. Dōzo.) |
| HONDA: No problem. Here you go. |
| 山田 (Yamada) : ありがとうございます！(Arigatō gozaimasu!) |
| YAMADA: Thank you! |
| じゅん (Jun) : ね、山田さん、他にも鉛筆を持ってますか。(Ne, Yamada-san, hoka ni mo enpitsu o motte masu ka.) |
| JUN: Hey, Yamada, do you have another pencil? (do you have other pencils, too?) |
| 山田 (Yamada) : いいえ。本田さんにこの鉛筆を貸してもらいました。(Iie. Honda-san ni kono enpitsu o kashite moraimashita.) |
| YAMADA: No. This pencil was lent to me by Honda. |
| じゅん (Jun) : 本田さん！一本お願いします！(Honda-san! Ippon onegai shimasu!) |
| JUN: Honda! One please! |
| 本田 (Honda) : はい、一本500円でございます。(Hai, ippon go-hyaku-en de gozaimasu.) |
| HONDA: Okay. One will be 500 yen. |
| 本田 (Honda) : 男子には特別料金をもらいます。(Danshi ni wa tokubetsu ryōkin o moraimasu.) |
| HONDA: There is a special fee for boys. (lit: I'll receive a special fee from boys) |
| じゅん (Jun) : はあ！特別料金？どういうことですか。(Hā! Tokubetsu ryōkin? Dō iu koto desu ka.) |
| JUN: Huh? Special fee? What do you mean? |
| 先生 (Sensei) : 試験は二分です。(Shiken wa ato ni-fun desu.) |
| TEACHER: The test is in 2 minutes. |
| 本田 (Honda) : ああ、今から一本、1000円です。(Ā, ima kara ippon, sen-en desu.) |
| HONDA: Oh, from now, one is 1000 yen. |
| じゅん (Jun) : はい、はい、一本お願いします。(Hai, hai, ippon onegai shimasu.) |
| JUN: Okay, okay. One please. |
| 本田 (Honda) : どうもありがとうございます。領収書はいいですか。(Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu. Ryōshūsho wa ii desu ka.) |
| HONDA: Thank you very much. Do you need a receipt? |
| じゅん (Jun) : 結構です。(Kekkō desu.) |
| JUN: That's alright. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: So Natsuko-san, what did you think of today’s conversation? |
| Natsuko: Hmm, I never heard of such an expensive pencil. |
| Peter: Timing. It’s all about the timing. Let’s ask our special guest Sakura-san what she thought. |
| Natsuko: さくらさん、どう思いましたか。(Sakura-san, dō omoimashita ka.) |
| Sakura: うん、ちょっと高いですね。(Un, chotto takai desu ne.) |
| Peter: English, please. |
| Sakura: Too expensive. |
| Peter: Yes, especially for kids. |
| Sakura: Hmm. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Okay, with that said, let’s get on to today’s vocabulary. First word, ナツコさん、お願いします。(Natsuko-san, onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 鉛筆 (enpitsu) |
| Peter: Pencil. |
| Natsuko: (slow)えんぴつ (enpitsu) (natural speed) 鉛筆 (enpitsu) |
| Peter: What two characters make up this word? |
| Natsuko: 鉛 (en) and 筆 (pitsu) |
| Peter: What’s the first kanji? |
| Natsuko: えん (en) which is also なまり (namari) |
| Peter: And what does this mean? |
| Natsuko: Lead. |
| Peter: So we have lead. What’s the second character? |
| Natsuko: ぴつ (pitsu), ひつ (hitsu) or ふで (fude) |
| Peter: And this means? |
| Natsuko: Brush. |
| Peter: So lead brush? |
| Natsuko: Yes. Well Japanese people didn’t use pens but instead they wrote everything with a brush. |
| Peter: Ah, very interesting. |
| Natsuko: Very interesting. |
| Peter: Also quite popular in Japan is mechanical pencils. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Click, click, click, click, click and the lead comes out. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: How do we say this in Japanese? |
| Natsuko: シャーペン (shāpen) or シャープペンシル (shāpu penshiru). |
| Peter: Break that down first, the first one because I think the first one’s pretty common. |
| Natsuko: Yes. (slow)シャーペン (shāpen) (natural speed) シャーペン (shāpen) |
| Peter: Sharp. Would this come from sharp as in a needle sharp? |
| Sakura: From the company name. |
| Peter: That’s what it is from? |
| Sakura: Yes, because I think that’s what I heard. Sharp invented that. |
| Peter: Really? |
| Sakura: And it was シャープペン (shāpu pen), シャーペン (shāpen), that’s what I heard. |
| Peter: And it’s... |
| Natsuko: 本当？(Hontō?) |
| Sakura: That’s what I heard. I am not so... you know confident but… |
| Peter: Wow! 勉強になりました。(Benkyō ni narimashita.) |
| Sakura: 違ってたらごめんなさい。(Chigatte tara gomen nasai.) Sorry if I am wrong. |
| Peter: Next we have |
| Sakura: 貸す (kasu) |
| Peter: To lend. |
| Sakura: (slow)かす (kasu) (natural speed) 貸す (kasu) |
| Natsuko: さくらさん、例文をお願いします。(Sakura-san, reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Sakura: お金を貸してください。(O-kane o kashite kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please lend me money. Natsuko, what’s the answer to this question? |
| Natsuko: いや、 今日はちょっと。(Iya, kyō wa chotto.) |
| Sakura: Not today? |
| Peter: Not today or any day for you. |
| Sakura: Not any day. |
| Peter: Now what we want to point out here is please lend me a direct object. So this is marked by |
| Sakura: を (o) |
| Peter: Next we have |
| Natsuko: 他 (hoka) |
| Peter: Other |
| Natsuko: (slow)ほか (hoka) (natural speed) 他 (hoka) |
| Peter: And this is sometimes also read as |
| Natsuko: た (ta) |
| Sakura: 例文をお願いします。(Reibun o onegai shimasu.) |
| Natsuko: 東京の他、大阪、名古屋にも支店があります。(Tōkyō no hoka, Ōsaka, Nagoya ni mo shiten ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: In addition to Tokyo, there are also branches in Nagoya and Osaka. |
| Natsuko: 他の色をください。(Hoka no iro o kudasai.) |
| Peter: Another color please. Next. |
| Sakura: 本 (hon) |
| Peter: Book. |
| Sakura: (slow)ほん (hon) (natural speed) 本 (hon) |
| Peter: Now this is also a counter for long and thin objects. Example sentence, please. |
| Sakura: バナナが一本ありました。(Banana ga ippon arimashita.) |
| Peter: There was one banana. 本 (hon) used as a counter here. Used as an object, we have |
| Sakura: この本は赤です。(Kono hon wa aka desu.) |
| Peter: This book is read. Now for the next word, let’s go over to Takase-san. |
| Takase: 男子 (danshi) |
| Peter: Boy, young man. |
| Takase: (slow)だんし (danshi) (natural speed) 男子 (danshi) |
| Peter: Natsuko-san, the opposite of |
| Natsuko: 男子 (danshi) |
| Peter: Is |
| Natsuko: 女子 (joshi) |
| Peter: Young lady. |
| Natsuko: タカセさん、例をお願いします。(Takase-san, rei o onegai shimasu.) |
| Takase: すみません。男子トイレはどこですか。(Sumimasen. Danshi toire wa doko desu ka.) |
| Peter: Excuse me, where is the boy’s bathroom? Now Natsuko-san, can you tell us a little bit about this word for “young man”? |
| Natsuko: Yes, this word is usually used for students. |
| Peter: Okay. |
| Natsuko: Like in the classroom. |
| Peter: By the teacher? |
| Natsuko: Among themselves, too. |
| Peter: Really? |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Can you give us an example? |
| Natsuko: うちのクラスの男子にはかっこいい人がいない。(Uchi no kurasu no danshi ni wa kakkoii hito ga inai.) |
| Peter: And the translation for that, please. |
| Natsuko: There are no cool guys in our class. |
| Peter: Now that’s a good sentence. Wow! The boy bashing today. |
| Natsuko: Yes, but the word is also used in general, too. In some cases like Takase-san gave us the example men’s room, 男子トイレ (danshi toire). |
| Peter: Men’s room, men’s bathroom. |
| Natsuko: Yes, and also this word is used for sports like in the category 男子100メートルバタフライ (danshi hyaku-mētoru batafurai). |
| Peter: Natsuko-san, give it to us one more time, nice and slow. |
| Natsuko: 男子100メートルバタフライ (danshi hyaku-mētoru batafurai) |
| Peter: Men’s 100 meter Butterfly. |
| Natsuko: Yes, so you hear this often while doing the Olympic Games. |
| Peter: Yeah, popular event. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: All right, next we have |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、特別 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, tokubetsu) |
| Peter: Special. |
| Natsuko: (slow)とくべつ (tokubetsu) (natural speed) 特別 (tokubetsu) |
| Peter: And can you give us an example sentence? |
| Natsuko: 今日は特別な日です。(Kyō wa tokubetsu na hi desu.) |
| Peter: Today is a special day and sometimes this is used with people. How do we say that? |
| Natsuko: 特別な人 (tokubetsu na hito) |
| Peter: A special person. |
| Takase: 次のキーワードは、料金 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, ryōkin) |
| Peter: Fee, charge. |
| Natsuko: (slow)りょうきん (ryōkin) (natural speed) 料金 (ryōkin) |
| Peter: Okay Natsuko-san, without thinking, if I say 料金 (ryōkin) what do you think of? No thinking. |
| Natsuko: 電話 (denwa) |
| Peter: Yes. Phone and put them together |
| Natsuko: 電話料金 (denwa ryōkin) |
| Peter: Phone bill because every month you get the bill in the mail. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: What’s your average bill, Natsuko-san if I may ask? |
| Natsuko: Ah umm it really depends but it’s around 四千円 (yon-sen-en) to 八千円 (hassen-en). |
| Peter: ¥4000 to ¥8000? |
| Natsuko: Yes, a month. |
| Peter: Takase-san is looking the other way. Takase-san, how much is your bill a month? |
| Takase: 三千円くらい。(San-zen-en kurai.) |
| Peter: ¥3000? |
| Takase: はい。(Hai.) |
| Peter: I am the loser in this group. |
| Natsuko: ピーターさんはいくらくらいですか。(Pītā-san wa ikura kurai desu ka.) |
| Peter: Oh Takase-san, you are so lucky. You are so far away. |
| Natsuko: Or maybe we shouldn’t ask. |
| Peter: Yeah, ah well it’s about anywhere from ¥3000 to – I think my personal one month record was ¥30000. |
| Natsuko: Wow! それは多いですね。(Sore wa ōi desu ne.) |
| Peter: Thank you, mother. |
| Natsuko: 特別割引がありますよ。(Tokubetsu waribiki ga arimasu yo.) |
| Peter: Yeah, there it is, a special discount. |
| Natsuko: Yes, and there are many special programs for cell phone users. |
| Peter: All right. Also another one if you are traveling on the roads, what would it be the tollbooth? What’s the word for tollbooth? |
| Natsuko: 料金所 (ryōkinjo) |
| Peter: Now this is the same word and all we do is add the kanji for |
| Natsuko: Place. |
| Peter: So a “fee place” is the literal translation. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: And you don’t want to stop at these because in Japan, they are expensive, really expensive. |
| Natsuko: Right. |
| Peter: I think we drove from... I am not exactly sure but from Ibaraki Prefecture all the way from Mito City to we went to Nagoya and… |
| Natsuko: All the way? |
| Peter: Yeah, about $200. |
| Natsuko: It should be. |
| Peter: So yeah, it’s not quite what we are used to back home. |
| Natsuko: Yes, of course. |
| Peter: All right, next we have. |
| Natsuko: 次のキーワードは、領収書 (Tsugi no kīwādo wa, ryōshūsho) |
| Peter: Receipt. |
| Natsuko: (slow)りょうしゅうしょ (ryōshūsho) (natural speed) 領収書 (ryōshūsho) |
| Peter: Now there is another word in Japanese that also means receipt. This is |
| Natsuko: レシート (reshīto) |
| Peter: Now the main difference between this is if you want a receipt that you can expense something for. So you go out to eat or you stay at a hotel and you want that receipt for expenses, you want to get |
| Natsuko: 領収書 (ryōshūsho) |
| Peter: And how would we ask for this? |
| Natsuko: 領収書、お願いします。(Ryōshūsho, onegai shimasu.) |
| Peter: Perfect. Now if you are just in a restaurant or you are buying some groceries, what you will receive is |
| Natsuko: レシート (reshīto) |
| Peter: And that’s a small white piece of paper. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Now can you give us that word one more time for the formal receipt? |
| Natsuko: 領収書 (ryōshūsho) |
| Peter: Where they will ask you what name should be filled out to and it’s a much larger piece of paper and this is what you bring back and give to your boss. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: All right. On to today’s grammar point. Today’s grammar point is |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: Now |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: Is used as an auxiliary verb when it’s used with the |
| Natsuko: て (te) |
| Peter: Form of verbs. The user receives a benefit from something someone does or someone does something for the subject. The key to the sentence and the key to giving and receiving verbs is of course the particles. |
| Natsuko: Yes. |
| Peter: Now in this sentence, the receiver is marked by |
| Natsuko: は (wa) |
| Peter: The giver |
| Natsuko: に (ni) |
| Peter: The thing |
| Natsuko: を (o) |
| Peter: And finally |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: Now the receiver is usually the speaker or his/her in a group meaning someone associated with the speaker. |
| Natsuko: Yes. So sometimes we omit the receiver. |
| Peter: A key point here is unlike with the verb |
| Natsuko: もらう(morau), から (kara) |
| Peter: Cannot be used with |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: So if it’s only |
| Natsuko: もらう (morau) |
| Peter: You can use |
| Natsuko: から (kara) |
| Peter: But if it’s |
| Natsuko: てもらう (te morau) |
| Peter: You can’t do this. Now the polite form of this verb is |
| Natsuko: ていただく (te itadaku) |
| Peter: As in |
| Natsuko: ていただきます (te itadakimasu) |
| Peter: And as with the other polite versions of the giving and receiving verbs, we are going to cover this a bit later, a bit beyond the scope of today’s lesson. Next, Takase-san? |
| Takase: 私はお父さんに数学を教えてもらった。(Watashi wa o-tō-san ni sūgaku o oshiete moratta.) |
| Peter: I was taught math by my father. |
Outro |
| Peter: So that’s going to do for today. We just want to remind you to stop by japanesepod101.com. Come by, say hi, leave us a post, give us a vote and see what else is going on. So much more inside the PDF and lots more in the learning center. That’s going to do for today. |
| Natsuko: じゃ、また明日ね。(Ja, mata ashita ne.) |
| Takase: また明日。(Mata ashita.) |
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