Learn how to use adjectives in the past affirmative and interrogative forms
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Intro |
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| Jessi: Hi everyone, ジェシーです (Jeshī desu)。Jessi here! |
| Tomoyuki: こんにちは (Kon'nichiwa)、Tomoyukiです (desu)。 |
| Jessi: Going on a Strange Hike in Japan. Thanks for joining us for this lesson. Tomoyuki, what did we learn in the last lesson, Lesson 23? |
| Tomoyuki: In the last lesson, we learned how to say that something hurts. For example, おなかがいたいです (onaka ga itai desu)。 |
| Jessi: Which is, "My stomach hurts." In this lesson, you'll learn how to ask how something was, and also how to respond to that question. For example, "How was the party?" and "It was fun." |
| Tomoyuki: That's right. What's going on in the conversation? |
| Jessi: Kaori, Taylor, and Masato have just returned from hiking in the mountains. |
| Tomoyuki: Great! Let's listen to the conversation. |
| Dialogue |
| かおり:ただいま。 |
| Kaori: Tadaima. |
| ちえみ:おかえりなさい。ハイキング は どうでしたか。 |
| Chiemi: Okaerinasai. Haikingu wa dō deshita ka. |
| かおり:たのしかった です よ。 でも･･･。 |
| Kaori: Tanoshikatta desu yo... Demo... |
| ちえみ:でも？ さむかった です か？ |
| Chiemi: Demo? Samukatta desu ka? |
| かおり:いえ。あたたかかった です。でも、テイラーさん･･･。 |
| Kaori: Ie. Atatakakatta desu. Demo, Teirā-san... |
| テイラー:ただいまー。ふー、つかれました。 |
| Taylor: Tadaimā. Fū, tsukaremashita. |
| ちえみ:へんな かお！(laugh) |
| Chiemi: Hen na kao! |
| Jessi: Let’s listen to the conversation again slowly. |
| かおり:ただいま。 |
| Kaori: Tadaima. |
| ちえみ:おかえりなさい。ハイキング は どうでしたか。 |
| Chiemi: Okaerinasai. Haikingu wa dō deshita ka. |
| かおり:たのしかった です よ。 でも･･･。 |
| Kaori: Tanoshikatta desu yo... Demo... |
| ちえみ:でも？ さむかった です か？ |
| Chiemi: Demo? Samukatta desu ka? |
| かおり:いえ。あたたかかった です。でも、テイラーさん･･･。 |
| Kaori: Ie. Atatakakatta desu. Demo, Teirā-san... |
| テイラー:ただいまー。ふー、つかれました。 |
| Taylor: Tadaimā. Fū, tsukaremashita. |
| ちえみ:へんな かお！(laugh) |
| Chiemi: Hen na kao! |
| Jessi: Now let’s listen to it with the translation. |
| かおり:ただいま。 |
| Kaori: Tadaima. |
| Jessi: We’re home. |
| ちえみ:おかえりなさい。 |
| Chiemi: Okaerinasai. |
| Jessi: Welcome home. |
| ちえみ: ハイキング は どうでしたか。 |
| Chiemi:Haikingu wa dō deshita ka. |
| Jessi: How was the hike? |
| かおり:たのしかった です よ。 でも･･･。 |
| Kaori: Tanoshikatta desu yo... Demo... |
| Jessi: It was fun... But… |
| ちえみ:でも？ さむかった です か？ |
| Chiemi: Demo? Samukatta desu ka? |
| Jessi: But? Was it cold? |
| かおり:いえ。あたたかかった です。 |
| Kaori: Ie. Atatakakatta desu. |
| Jessi: No. It was warm. |
| かおり: でも、テイラーさん･･･。 |
| Kaori: Demo, Teirā-san... |
| Jessi: But, Taylor… |
| テイラー:ただいまー。ふー、つかれました。 |
| Taylor: Tadaimā. Fū, tsukaremashita. |
| Jessi: I'm home. Whew, I'm tired. |
| ちえみ:へんな かお！(laugh) |
| Chiemi: Hen na kao! |
| Jessi: Your face looks weird! (laugh) |
| Vocabulary and Phrase Usage |
| Jessi: All right, so if you remember, in the last conversation... what happened again, Tomoyuki? |
| Tomoyuki: Taylor got scratched by a monkey. |
| Jessi: That's right... he got a little too close and ended up getting scratched in the face! And that's how we learned how to say "My face hurts". |
| Tomoyuki: かおがいたいです (Kao ga itai desu). |
| Jessi: And so now they've finished their hike, and they've arrived back home. Did you notice the two new phrases we heard in the beginning of the dialogue? |
| Tomoyuki: They were ただいま (tadaima) and おかえりなさい (okaerinasai). |
| Jessi: Let's go through each one. When Kaori, Taylor, and Masato got home, they said... |
| Tomoyuki: ただいま！ (Tadaima!) |
| Jessi: ただいま (Tadaima)！ And this means something like "I'm home" or "I'm back". You say this when you return to some place after being away. |
| Tomoyuki: ただいま。 (Tadaima.) |
| Jessi: And the response to this is... |
| Tomoyuki: おかえりなさい (okaerinasai) |
| Jessi: おかえりなさい (Okaerinasai)。 And this means something like "welcome home" or "welcome back". |
| Tomoyuki: おかえりなさい (Okaerinasai). |
| Jessi: So when someone says ただいま (tadaima), you say おかえりなさい (okaerinasai) back to them. |
| Tomoyuki: That's right. |
| Jessi: So let's hear these two phrases again, and practice! |
| Tomoyuki: Okay. |
| Jessi: Listen and repeat. “I'm home” or “I'm back.” |
| Tomoyuki: ただいま (tadaima) |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Okay. Again, listen and repeat. “Welcome home”, or “welcome back.” |
| Tomoyuki: おかえりなさい (Okaerinasai). |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Great! Now, let's go over one more word. And that is? |
| Tomoyuki: へんな (Hen na). |
| Jessi: And this means “strange”, or “weird”. The actual word is just へん (hen) itself, but when it comes before another word, we need to say へんな (hen na). |
| Tomoyuki: In the dialogue, Chiemi said へんなかお (hen na kao). へんな (Hen na) is strange or weird, and かお (kao) is face. |
| Jessi: So basically, she was saying that Taylor's face looked funny because it was all scratched up. |
| Tomoyuki: へんなかお。 (hen na kao.) |
| Jessi: Okay, let's move on to the lesson focus. |
| Grammar Point |
| Jessi: In this lesson, you'll learn how to ask how something was, and also how to respond to this question. |
| Tomoyuki: Like, "How was the party?" and "It was fun". |
| Jessi: Right; this is very useful for making conversation in Japanese. You use this pattern to ask how something, for example some event, place, or thing, was. You're asking about something that has happened in the past. Tomoyuki, can you give us our pattern? |
| Tomoyuki: Sure. To ask how something was, you can say [A] はどうでしたか (wa dō deshita ka)。 |
| Jessi: So again, you have A, the event, place or thing you are asking about, followed by どうでしたか (dō deshita ka) |
| Tomoyuki: This どうでしたか (dō deshita ka) literally means "how was it?" |
| Jessi: Let's look at some examples. |
| Tomoyuki: Sure. As you know, party in Japanese is パーティー (pātī). So if you want to ask how the party was, you can say パーティーはどうでしたか (pātī wa dō deshita ka)。 |
| Jessi: パーティーは どうでしたか (Pātī wa dō deshita ka)。How was the party? Listeners, please repeat. |
| Tomoyuki: パーティーはどうでしたか。 (Pātī wa dō deshita ka.) |
| [pause] |
| Tomoyuki: Great. We also had a good example in the dialogue. |
| Jessi: Right; Chiemi asked Kaori how their hike went. |
| Tomoyuki: Hike, or hiking, is ハイキング (haikingu) in Japanese. |
| Jessi: So to ask, "How was the hike?" we can say... |
| Tomoyuki: ハイキングはどうでしたか。 (Haikingu wa dō deshita ka.) |
| Jessi: ハイキングはどうでしたか。 (Haikingu wa dō deshita ka.) How was the hike? Listeners, please repeat. |
| Tomoyuki: ハイキングはどうでしたか。 (Haikingu wa dō deshita ka.) |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Okay, how was that? Not too bad, right? Now, we're going to learn how to respond to this question, and say "it was fun!" or "it was interesting". |
| Tomoyuki: Yes, are you ready? |
| Jessi: In this season, and the last season, we've learned some adjectives; words that describe something. |
| Tomoyuki: Right, like あつい (atsui) (Jessi: hot) さむい (samui) (Jessi: cold), とおい (tōi) (Jessi: far), ちかい (chikai) (Jessi: close), おいしい (oishī) (Jessi: delicious)... |
| Jessi: And more! For this lesson, we're going to learn two more adjectives. The first is... |
| Tomoyuki: たのしい (tanoshii) |
| Jessi: たのしい (tanoshii). and this means, fun, or enjoyable. Okay, so all of these adjectives that we just gave you are in the present tense, which means we're talking about how something is “right now”. Like, "it's cold", "it's hot", "it's fun", etc. What we're going to learn now is how to change these to the past tense. That would be "it WAS cold", it WAS hot", "it WAS fun" etc. |
| Tomoyuki: That's right. First, have you noticed how all of these adjectives end in "i", with an い (I) sound? |
| Jessi: Like たのしい (tanoshii). Hear it? To change this word into the past tense, take away the last い (I) sound, and add かった (katta). So now what does it sound like? |
| Tomoyuki: たのしかった (Tanoshikatta). |
| Jessi: たのしかった (Tanoshikatta). And then to that, you just add です (desu) to make it polite. |
| Tomoyuki: たのしかったです (Tanoshikatta desu). |
| Jessi: And this is how you say, "It was fun"! |
| Tomoyuki: たのしかったです (Tanoshikatta desu). Okay, repeat after me. たのしかったです (Tanoshikatta desu). |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Okay, now say, "it was fun" in Japanese. |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Great. Now let's try the same thing with another adjective. Tomoyuki, how do you say interesting? |
| Tomoyuki: It's おもしろい (omoshiroi). |
| Jessi: おもしろい (Omoshiroi). Interesting. Okay, can you guide us through the steps to change it to the past tense? |
| Tomoyuki: OK. Take away the last い (I) sound, and add かった (katta). So you get... おもしろかった (omoshirokatta). |
| Jessi: おもしろかった (Omoshirokatta). |
| Tomoyuki: And then you add です (desu) to the end. おもしろかったです |
| (Omoshirokatta desu)。 |
| Jessi: And this is how you say "it was interesting". |
| Tomoyuki: That's right. Okay, repeat after me.おもしろかったです (Omoshirokatta desu)。 |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Okay, now say, "it was interesting" in Japanese. |
| [pause] |
| Jessi: Great! Okay. Now, let's put the question and the answer together. |
| Tomoyuki: Sounds good! Jessi, ask me how the party was. |
| Jessi: Okay! ともゆきさん、パーティーはどうでしたか。 (Tomoyuki-san, pātī wa dō deshita ka.) |
| Tomoyuki: たのしかったです。 (Tanoshikatta desu.) It was fun! |
| Jessi: Excellent. Let's give one more example. Listeners, do you remember the word for movie? |
| Tomoyuki: The word for movie is えいが (eiga). Okay, here I go. えいがはどうでしたか (Eiga wa dō deshita ka)？Jessi, how was the movie? |
| Jessi:おもしろかったです (Omoshirokatta desu)。 It was interesting! |
| Tomoyuki: Great job. |
Outro |
| Jessi: All right everyone, how was that lesson? |
| Tomoyuki: Easy? Or difficult? |
| Jessi: In the lesson notes, there is a chart that gives the past tense form of many more adjectives. If you check that out, you'll be able to make any more sentences. |
| Tomoyuki: Yes, please give it a look! |
| Jessi: Thanks for listening as always, and we'll see you in the next lesson. |
| Tomoyuki: ありがとうございます！ (Arigatō gozaimasu!) |
| Jessi: Until then! |
| Tomoyuki: じゃあ、また。 (Jā, mata.) |
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