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Advanced Japanese Lesson: なし

そこに在るのに「無い」という果物は何でしょう? このなぞなぞの答えは「なし(梨、無し)」です。日本語には同音異義語と呼ばれる、同じ発音なのに異なる意味を持つことばがたくさんあります。このなぞなぞは、その特徴を利用したものですね。 数ある同音異義語の一つが「なし」。しかし、せっかく在るのに「無し」と表現するのは縁起が悪い、ということで「ありの実」と言い換えられて表現することがあります。 同じように、イカを干して裂いたものを「スルメ」と言って酒のつまみなどに食べますが、「スルメ」の「する」も商売をする人にとっては「金を擦る(金を失ってしまう)」という連想が働きます。また、物を盗むことも「掏(す)る」と表現することから(通りすがりの人の財布を盗み取る泥棒のことを「スリ」と呼びますね)、「スルメ」は「当たりめ」と言い換えて、縁起が良い呼び名で表現します。 同じ論理で、ゴマや芋などをすりつぶす「すり鉢」も「あたり鉢」に変身。 「僧侶」にいたっては、髪が一本もないのに「髪長(かみなが)」と呼んでいました。 それを知らずに「今日は髪長が来るよ」と聞かされ、ロングヘアーの来客を想像していたところ、スキンヘッドのお坊さんがやってきたら、さぞかしびっくりすることでしょう。 ===== What fruit is there, but not there? The answer to this riddle is "nashi", which means "a pear" or "nothing." In Japanese, there are homonyms which are words that sound the same, but... Show more

Learn Japanese Kanji – Everyday Kanji (Food Packaging)

Hi everyone! ^^/ Welcome to Everyday Kanji! In this series, we're going to present pictures of kanji seen in various places in Japan taken by the team members at JapanesePod101.com. That's right - kanji seen and used everyday! The theme for this week is kanji found on food packaging. Let's take a look! ① 毎日果実 (mainichi kajitsu) = literally, Everyday Fruit 毎日果実 is the name of a snack product, which is 2 crackers with raisins and other fruit sandwiched in the middle. The information beneath the product name lets you know that this snack contains 5 kinds of vitamins, calcium, iron, and fiber! What a healthy snack! 毎日 (mainichi) = everyday ● 毎 (mai) = every ● 日 (hi) = day 果実 (kajitsu) = fruit ● 果 (ka) = fruit ● 実... Show more

A Killer Kanji: Part 4

Quick Links Welcome to Kanji Curiosity | The Basics | Glossary It's easy to think that 残 (ZAN, noko(ru), noko(su): to remain) has a soft nuance. After all, this character shows up in words such as 残念 (zannen: regret, to remain + thoughts). But when you learn the etymology of 残, you'll see that we have a killer kanji on our hands! In 残, says Henshall, the 歹 means "death" or "bare bones." The right-hand side is a halberd (戈), an ax-like weapon, that has been doubled for emphasis. In 残, the 戈 also means "to cut and kill." Altogether we have "to kill someone cruelly by cutting them to the bone." In China, 残 still primarily means "cruel, harm." Some people think that "to remain" is a borrowed meaning, deriving from the idea of hacking a... Show more

Advanced Japanese Lesson:祭

秋には、その年に収穫された野菜や果物を神に供えて感謝する「秋祭り」が行なわれます。 この「祭」という漢字をよく見てください。左上の「月」に似た部分は「肉」を表わしています。右上の「又」は「手」の意味。下の部分の「示」は「祭壇」を表わし、「祭」の文字は「肉のけがれを清めて神に供える」という意味を持っています。この「示」は「ネ」の形に変わって、様々な漢字に見られます。「社(やしろ)」、「福(ふく)」、「祈(いのる)」、「祝(いわう)」など、たくさんありますね。 「社」とは土地の神をまつった場所。 「福」は神から恵まれた豊かさを表わします。 「祈」は望むところに近づきたいと神に祈ることで、「祝」は神にめでたいことばを告げること。 つまり、「ネ」は神に関係することを意味しているのです(「神」という文字にも「ネ」が書かれますね)。この「ネ」を「しめすへん」と呼び、「示(しめす)」から由来しています。 悪い行ないをして神から罰を受けることは「禍(わざわい)」の文字で表わしますし、「禁(きんじる)」は神が宿る場所の周りに林をめぐらせて勝手に出入りできないように禁止した、という意味です。 日本には八百万(やおよろず)の神々がいらっしゃる、と言われるように、日本人は身の周りの物や現象に神の力を見出すのです。そのため、「示」「ネ」が書かれる漢字も多いのですね。 ====== In autumn, the "秋祭り" autumn festival is held in order to give thanks to the gods by offering fruits and vegetables that were harvested that... Show more

Learn Japanese Kanji – Everyday Kanji (Outdoor signs)

Hi everyone! Welcome to Everyday Kanji! In this series, we're going to present pictures of kanji seen in various places in Japan taken by the team members at JapanesePod101.com. That's right - kanji seen and used everyday! The theme for this week is kanji found on signs outdoors. Let's take a look! ① 若葉東公園 (Wakabahigashi kōen)… Try saying that three times fast!! Even if you aren’t familiar with 若葉東, you might know the word 公園! 若葉東公園 (Wakabahigashi kōen) is Wakabahigashi Park, a park located in Tokyo. The name 若葉東 can be divided into two parts: 若葉 (wakaba = young leaf), and 東 (higashi = east). 公園 (kōen) = park ● 公 (kō) = public ● 園 (en) = park Place name: 若葉東 = Wakabahigashi ● 若 (waka) = young ● 葉 (ba) = leaf ● 東... Show more

Garden-Variety Banking: Part 3

Quick Links Welcome to Kanji Curiosity | The Basics | Glossary I don't know much about banking, but I do know that a bank should inspire trust and confidence. The name of the bank has to be serious, a trustworthy brand in and of itself. My first bank account was at Annapolis Bank and Trust, where they put "trust" right in the name. Other banks go by the names of First Capital Bank, Enterprise National Bank, Premier Service Bank, Tomato Bank. Tomato Bank?! Yes, indeed. That's what you find on Sawtelle Boulevard, a Los Angeles street filled with Japanese businesses: On 宏基銀行 ... No matter how silly the name may seem, bankers at Tomato Bank must consider the same serious matters as any garden-variety banker from, say,... Show more

Advanced Japanese Lesson: 秋の月

本日は、秋の夜の和歌を紹介しましょう。 古今東西、「夜」をテーマにした文学作品は多く見られますが、日本の詩や和歌(短歌)、俳句では、星よりも圧倒的に月を扱った作品が数の上で勝っています。これは、日本人が折々に月を見上げ、その満ち欠けに自分の人生や感情を投影していたことを表わしているからでしょう。また、秋の日本の上空は空気が澄み、晴天の日も多いことから月が美しく見えます。よって、俳句で「月」と出てきたら秋の情景を詠んだものである、と考えて間違いないほどです。 月見れば 千々(ちぢ)に物こそ悲しけれ 我が身一つの 秋にはあらねど 大江千里(おおえのちさと) 意味は、「月を見ていると、心が様々に思い乱れて悲しいものだなぁ。私一人の身の上に秋がやってきたわけではないけれど」。日本人にとって、秋はどことなく物悲しい気分になる季節です。身の周りを秋の景物が取り巻くようになると、月を見上げながら、自分だけが特別にセンチメンタルな気持ちになってきます。 ちなみに、「ちぢ」の「ぢ」は「じ」と発音し、「一つ」「一個」の「つ」や「個」と同じ意味です。つまり、「ちぢ」とは「千個」のことで、大変に数が多い様子を表わしています。 月を見るという行為で、明るく幸福な気持ちになるというよりは、悲しく淋しい気持ちになるのが日本人。だから、この和歌に共感する人が多く、今日まで伝えられているのでしょう。 ===== Today, let me introduce you to a "waka", a 31 syllabic poem from an autumn evening. Literary works with a night theme can be... Show more

Learn Japanese Kanji – Everyday Kanji (Airport signs)

Hi everyone! Welcome to Everyday Kanji! In this series, we're going to present pictures of kanji seen in various places in Japan taken by the team members at JapanesePod101.com. That's right - kanji seen and used everyday! The theme for this week is kanji found on signs at an airport. Let's take a look! ① 出国審査・税関 (shukkoku shinsa/zeikan):Anyone who has ever gone on a flight to a foreign country has experienced going through these two areas. Based on the kanji, can you guess what they are? 出国審査 (shukkoku shinsa) refers to immigration (for leaving the country). It is made up of the words 出国 (shukkoku), which is “departure of the country”, and 審査 (shinsa), which means “inspection”. These two words together mean “immigration”... Show more

Japanese Holidays: Health and Sports Day(体育の日)

The second Monday in October is a national holiday called "Health and Sports Day", which is known as "Taiiku no hi" (体育の日) in Japanese. It falls on October 12th this year. The first Health and Sports Day was held on October 10, 1966, two years after the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, to commemorate the Olympics which started on October 10 of that year. This holiday was held on October 10 until 1999, and in 2000, it was moved to the second Monday in October as part of the Happy Monday system. (Because of this sytem, some National holidays were moved to Monday to make three-day weekends.) This holiday is a day to promote sports and physical and mental health. Some sports facilities discount or drop their fees, and many schools hold their sports... Show more

Stayin’ Alive: Part 2

Quick Links Welcome to Kanji Curiosity | The Basics | Glossary Let's start with a quick quiz. What do you think the following might mean? 残生 (zansei)     to remain + life 生残 (seizan)     life + to remain To block the answers, I'll share a photo I took in Los Angeles on Sawtelle Boulevard, a Japanese area that unfortunately extends for just two blocks: Explanation of the Sign ... OK, here are the answers: 残生 (zansei: remainder of one's life)     to remain + life 生残 (seizan: survival)     life + to remain Last week we learned that the yomi of 残 are ZAN, noko(ru), and noko(su). As you can see, its on-yomi is at work... Show more