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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: 直美です。 (Naomidesu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Taking Orders. Now in the previous lesson, Miyu returned to a parent’s home again with Haruya. Miyu’s mother Kiri was preparing something. So Haruya offered to help. She said that she is going to feed Piranhas. |
| Naomi: ピラニア。そうです。 (Pirania. Sōdesu.) |
| Peter: So what are we going to be studying today? |
| Naomi: Te form of a verb plus ください. (Kudasai.) For example, 気をつけてください。 (Kiwotsukete kudasai.) be careful. Pay careful attention. |
| Peter: Now Nihongo Dojo, Style You and Beyond 19, 20, 21, and 22 all four lessons, we worked on going from the masu form of a verb to its plain form, to the dictionary form. So kind of reverse conjugation. For example, 見ます。 (Mimasu.) |
| Naomi: 見る (Miru) |
| Peter: And it’s really good practice because a lot of times you learn going one way but you don’t learn the other way. So this way, if you see a passage in polite Japanese, you can find out the plain version. Now in today’s lesson, we are going to learn another conjugation and this one is |
| Naomi: Te form. |
| Peter: And it’s probably the most important conjugation you are going to learn. Over the next few lessons, we are also going to review the different classes of verbs. So today, we are talking about class 2 verbs according to the definition we are using end in る (Ru) and are preceded by a Hiragana character from either usually the い (I) or the え (E) column. For example |
| Naomi: 寝る (Neru) |
| Peter: To sleep |
| Naomi: 見る (Miru) |
| Peter: To see. And more about this inside the PDF. For now, let’s have a listen to the conversation. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ピラニア? (Pirania?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): じゃあ、晴夜さん。掃除をお願いします。はい、手袋とネット。 (Jā, Haruya-san. Sōji o o-negai shimasu. Hai, tebukuro to netto.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): え? (E?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): まず、その手袋をつけてください。一緒に、ピラニアの水槽の掃除をしましょう。楽しいですよ。でも、気をつけてください。 (Mazu, sono tebukuro o tsukete kudasai. Issho ni, pirania no suisō no sōji o shimashō. Tanoshii desu yo. Demo, ki o tsukete kudasai.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ええ? (Ee?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): これ、家のピラニアちゃん。はい、水槽のふたを開けてください。次に、ホースを入れてください。スイッチを入れてください。それから、このバケツにピラニアを入れてください。気をつけて。(Kore, uchi no Pirania-chan. Hai, suisō no futa o akete kudasai. Tsugi ni, hōsu o irete kudasai. Suitchi o irete kudasai. Sore kara, kono baketsu ni pirania o irete kudasai. Ki o tsukete.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): バケツに?ピラニアを?(ゴクッ) (Baketsu ni? Pirania o? (goku)) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): さあ、早く、ピラニアを捕まえて。 (Sā, hayaku, pirania o tsukamaete.) |
| もう一度、お願いします。今度はゆっくり、お願いします。 (Mōichido, onegaishimasu. Kondo wa yukkuri, onegaishimasu.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ピラニア? (Pirania?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): じゃあ、晴夜さん。掃除をお願いします。はい、手袋とネット。 (Jā, Haruya-san. Sōji o o-negai shimasu. Hai, tebukuro to netto.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): え? (E?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): まず、その手袋をつけてください。一緒に、ピラニアの水槽の掃除をしましょう。楽しいですよ。でも、気をつけてください。 (Mazu, sono tebukuro o tsukete kudasai. Issho ni, pirania no suisō no sōji o shimashō. Tanoshii desu yo. Demo, ki o tsukete kudasai.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ええ? (Ee?) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): これ、家のピラニアちゃん。はい、水槽のふたを開けてください。次に、ホースを入れてください。スイッチを入れてください。それから、このバケツにピラニアを入れてください。気をつけて。(Kore, uchi no Pirania-chan. Hai, suisō no futa o akete kudasai. Tsugi ni, hōsu o irete kudasai. Suitchi o irete kudasai. Sore kara, kono baketsu ni pirania o irete kudasai. Ki o tsukete.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): バケツに?ピラニアを? (Baketsu ni? Pirania o?) |
| 天道 きり: さあ、早く、ピラニアを捕まえて。 (Sā, hayaku, pirania o tsukamaete.) |
| 今度は、英語が入ります。 (Kondo wa, eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ピラニア? (Pirania?) |
| HARUYA OZORA: Piranha? |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): じゃあ、晴夜さん。掃除をお願いします。 (Jā, Haruya-san. Sōji o o-negai shimasu.) |
| KIRI TENDO: Ok, Haruya, help me clean. |
| はい、手袋とネット。 (Hai, tebukuro to netto.) |
| Here are a pair of gloves and a net. |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): え? (E?) |
| HARUYA OZORA: Huh? |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): まず、その手袋をつけてください。一緒に、ピラニアの水槽の掃除をしましょう。楽しいですよ。 (Mazu, sono tebukuro o tsukete kudasai. Issho ni, pirania no suisō no sōji o shimashou. Tanoshīdesu yo.) |
| KIRI TENDO: First, put on the gloves. Let's clean the tank together. It's fun. |
| でも、気をつけてください。 (Demo, ki o tsukete kudasai.) |
| But be careful. |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): ええ? (Ee?) |
| HARUYA OZORA: What? |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): これ、家のピラニアちゃん。 (Kore, uchi no Pirania-chan.) |
| KIRI TENDO: These are my little piranha. |
| はい、水槽のふたを開けてください。 (Hai, suisō no futa o akete kudasai.) |
| First, this here, cover of the tank, please. |
| 次に、ホースを入れてください。 (Tsugi ni, hōsu o irete kudasai.) |
| Next, insert the hose. |
| スイッチを入れてください。 (Suitchi o irete kudasai.) |
| Flip the switch. |
| それから、このバケツにピラニアを入れてください。気をつけて。 (Sore kara, kono baketsu ni pirania o irete kudasai. Ki o tsukete.) |
| Then, put the piranhas into this bucket. Be careful. |
| 大空 晴夜 (Ōzora seiya): バケツに?ピラニアを?(ゴクッ) (Baketsu ni? Pirania o? (goku)) |
| HARUYA OZORA: Piranha??? In the bucket?? (gulp) |
| 天道 きり (Tendō kiri): さあ、早く、ピラニアを捕まえて。 (Sā, hayaku, pirania o tsukamaete.) |
| KIRI TENDO: Quick now, grab the piranha. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: Now Naomi Sensei, while you hear this story and you may think, what’s going on here? There is actually a lot of grammar work and what we’d like to do here is we like to hide the grammar we are trying to teach you inside an interesting or we’d like to think fun conversation. So Naomi Sensei? |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: In this conversation, the mother is giving quite a few orders. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) |
| Peter: And she is very polite. So she is using the te form. |
| Naomi: Yeah but not all of them right? |
| Peter: Not all of them. What are some of the different ones? |
| Naomi: First time she said 気をつけてください。 (Kiwotsukete kudasai.) |
| Peter: So please be careful. |
| Naomi: But for the second time, she said 気をつけて. (Kiwotsukete.) She dropped ください。 (Kudasai.) |
| Peter: Yeah and which means she is getting more informal. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sōdesu ne.) Or maybe the situation is getting more serious. |
| Peter: So there isn’t really time to be polite or extremely polite. Now what’s also interesting here is the fourth line when the mother says 掃除しましょう。 (Sōji shimashou.) |
| Naomi: Let’s clean, let’s wash the flush tank together. |
| Peter: Yeah so it’s not inviting so much. It is strongly suggesting. |
| Naomi: そうね。 (Sō ne.) |
| Peter: So sometimes you can use the volitional which is the grammatical term for this to give someone a strong suggestion. |
| Naomi: そうね。 (Sō ne.) If you want somebody to involve the action. |
| Peter: Yeah. Case in point, if sometimes situation is the atmosphere kind of turns bad, so you could say じゃ、帰りましょう。 (Ja, kaerimashou.) Come on, it’s time to go but it is very polite, let’s go or something else. So here じゃ、掃除しましょう。 (Ja, sōji shimashou.) he doesn’t really have a choice. Does he? |
| Naomi: あ、ね。ないね。(A, ne. Nai ne.) No, he doesn’t. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Okay let’s take a look at today’s vocabulary. First word. |
| Naomi: 掃除 (Sōji) |
| Peter: Cleaning, sweeping. |
| Naomi: (slow)そうじ (Sōji) (natural speed) 掃除 (Sōji) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 手袋 (tebukuro) |
| Peter: Glove. |
| Naomi: (slow)てぶくろ (Tebukuro) (natural speed) 手袋 (Tebukuro) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: ネット (Netto) |
| Peter: Net. |
| Naomi: (slow)ネット (Netto) (natural speed) ネット (Netto) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 水槽 (Suisō) |
| Peter: Water tank, fish tank. |
| Naomi: (slow)すいそう (Sui-sō) (natural speed) 水槽 (Suisō) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 蓋 (Futa) |
| Peter: Cover, lid. |
| Naomi: (slow)ふた (futa) (natural speed) 蓋 (Futa) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: 開ける (akeru) |
| Peter: To open. |
| Naomi: (slow)あける (akeru) (natural speed) 開ける (akeru) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: ホース (hōsu) |
| Peter: Hose. |
| Naomi: (slow)ホース (hōsu) (natural speed) ホース (hōsu) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: スイッチ (suicchi) |
| Peter: Switch. |
| Naomi: (slow)スイッチ (suicchi) (natural speed) スイッチ (suicchi) |
| Peter: Next. |
| Naomi: バケツ (baketsu) |
| Peter: Bucket, Pail. |
| Naomi: (slow)バケツ (baketsu) (natural speed) バケツ (baketsu) |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 捕まえる (tsukamaeru) |
| Peter: To catch. |
| Naomi: (slow)つかまえる (tsukamaeru) (natural speed) 捕まえる (tsukamaeru) |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Peter: Let’s take a closer look at some of the phrases and vocabulary from this lesson. Naomi Sensei, what do we have first? |
| Naomi: 開ける (akeru) |
| Peter: To open. Now the opposite word to close is |
| Naomi: 閉める (Shimeru) |
| Peter: So both 開ける (akeru) and 閉める (Shimeru) are class 2 verbs and in the case of these two verbs, they need an object. |
| Naomi: Right and the object has to be marked by を (O). |
| Peter: Okay now remember, Japanese is subject, object, verb. So let’s have two example sentences. |
| Naomi: 私はドアを開ける。 (Watashi wa doa o akeru.) |
| Peter: I will open the door. |
| Naomi: But in a conversation, we often drop 私は (Watashi wa) |
| Peter: So we just have |
| Naomi: ドアを開ける。 (Doa o akeru.) |
| Peter: I will open the door. Then we have the opposite word |
| Naomi: 閉める。 (Shimeru.) |
| Peter: Sample sentence please. |
| Naomi: ドアを閉める。 (Doawoshimeru.) |
| Peter: I close the door. |
| Naomi: Yeah of course it was 私はドアを閉める (Watashi wa doawoshimeru) but I omitted 私は。 (Watashi wa.) |
| Peter: Okay then we have another class 2 verb we want to look at. That verb is |
| Naomi: つける (Tsukeru) |
| Peter: So it has a lot of meanings. |
| Naomi: そう。 (Sō.) |
| Peter: To wear, to turn on. |
| Naomi: To attach. |
| Peter: And let’s take a look at some of the more common ones. First we have |
| Naomi: テレビをつける。 (Terebiwotsukeru.) |
| Peter: To turn on the TV. Notice here how we have also the object marker |
| Naomi: を (O) |
| Peter: And of course the subject or the topic is dropped. Basically it can be inferred. That was an example of the verb つける (Tsukeru) meaning to turn on. How about an example to put on, to wear |
| Naomi: イヤリングをつける (Iyaringu o tsukeru) |
| Peter: To put on ear rings and in today’s dialogue, we have |
| Naomi: 手袋をつける (Tebukuro o tsukeru) |
| Peter: Put on gloves. |
| Naomi: And also we have 気をつける。 (Kiwotsukeru.) |
| Peter: Which means to be careful. |
| Naomi: I recommend you to memorize it as a set phrase. |
| Peter: Yeah this is one verb you just get better at by usage and seeing examples. Okay let’s take a look at today’s grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Peter: Naomi Sensei, what do we have? |
| Naomi: Te form of class II verbs. |
| Peter: Now class II verbs are very easy to conjugate into the te form. Class II verbs usually end in |
| Naomi: る (Ru) |
| Peter: And are preceded by kana from either the い (I) column or the え (E) column. The い (I) column being い、き、し (I,ki, shi) and so on. The え (E) column being |
| Naomi: え、け、せ、て (E, ke, se,te) |
| Peter: So if you note the class II, you just drop the る (Ru) and attach |
| Naomi: て (Te) |
| Peter: So for our first example, we have |
| Naomi: 開ける (Akeru) |
| Peter: To open, drop the る (Ru) |
| Naomi: 開け (Ake) |
| Peter: Attach て (Te) |
| Naomi: 開けて (Akete) |
| Peter: There it is. 開ける。開けて。 (Akeru. Akete.) How about another example? |
| Naomi: 閉める (Shimeru) |
| Peter: Drop the る (Ru) |
| Naomi: 閉め (Shime) |
| Peter: Attach て (Te) |
| Naomi: 閉めて (Shimete) |
| Peter: And this is the te form of the verb to close. Now let’s take a look at the words we had in today’s conversation. Let’s just go through the rest of them. We will give you the dictionary form and the te form. We had. |
| Naomi: つける (Tsukeru) |
| Peter: Te form |
| Naomi: つけて (Tsukete) |
| Peter: Now what you want to know about the te form is this is a conjunctive form. So something has to come after it or something is implied after it. You can stop with that but what’s next is implied. Today we had an auxiliary verb |
| Naomi: ください (Kudasai) |
| Peter: Meaning to receive and in this case, when it’s combined with a verb and the te form, it’s to receive an action. So we had |
| Naomi: つけてください。 (Tsukete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please put on. |
| Naomi: Actually in a dialogue, 手袋をつけてください。 (Tebukuro o tsukete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please put on gloves. We also had |
| Naomi: 気をつけてください。 (Kiwotsukete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please be careful. We also had. |
| Naomi: 蓋をあけてください。 (Futa o akete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please open the lid. |
| Naomi: 蓋はlidですね。 (Futa wa liddesu ne.) |
| Peter: And so on but you see the te form plus ください (Kudasai). Please do the action. So inside the PDF, there is a further detailed explanation of getting the te form and in this case, combining it with ください (Kudasai). Now to close things out, we are going to give you a very – a couple of very useful instructions. Now Naomi Sensei. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: What’s a very popular snack or a kind of quick lunch in Japan? |
| Naomi: ピーター、いつも食べてますよね。 (Pītā, itsumo tabetemasu yo ne.) The one you always have. |
| Peter: What’s that? |
| Naomi: カップラーメン. (Kappurāmen.) |
| Peter: Cup of Ramen. Me? Okay for the show sake yes, I always do. So on the cover are instructions that if you have the PDF plus this lesson, you will now be able to read. So Naomi Sensei お願いします。 (Onegaishimasu.) Please read about the instructions on how to make a cup of Ramen. |
| Naomi: カップラーメンの蓋を開けてください。 (Kappurāmen no futa o akete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please open the lid of the cup of Ramen. |
| Naomi: お湯をいれてください。 (Oyu o irete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please put in hot water. |
| Naomi: お湯 (Oyu) is hot water. カップラーメンの蓋を閉めてください。 (Kappurāmen no futa o shimete kudasai.) |
| Peter: Please close the cup of Ramen lid. |
| Naomi: Then you have to wait 3 minutes. |
Outro |
| Peter: Now the verb wait we will cover in the next lesson. So we are not going to cover that here but again stop by and get the PDF. This will really, really help. Again inside the learning center, you can really reinforce what you hear in this lesson. The kanji close up will really help you master the kanji for this particular lesson and in doing so really help the next lesson make that much more sense. That’s going to do for today. |
| Naomi: じゃあまた。 (Jā mata.) |
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