Learn about talking about a purpose or aim
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Naomi: ナオミです。 (Naomi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. Watch Repairs. Naomi-sensei, 腕時計を持ってますか (udedokei o mottemasu ka)？ |
| Naomi: はい。持ってます。いい腕時計を持ってます。 (Hai. Mottemasu. Ii udedokei o mottemasu.) |
| Peter: Yeah what a nice watch you have 腕時計ですね (udedokei desu ne)。 |
| Naomi: ピーターさんは腕時計を持ってますか？ (Pītā-san wa udedokei o mottemasu ka?) |
| Peter: 持ってません。 (Mottemasen.) I use my 携帯 (keitai). |
| Naomi: あとは (Ato wa) you might use your 腹時計ね (haradokei ne). |
| Peter: どうぞ説明してください。 (Dōzo setsumei shite kudasai.) Please explain to everybody what that is? |
| Naomi: しまった！腹時計 (Shimatta! Haradokei) means “stomach” 腹 (hara) is “watch”. 時計 (tokei) is “watch”. So your stomach tells you what time it is according to how hungry you are. |
| Peter: Yeah I like that. It’s 3 o'clock. |
| Naomi: そうそうそう。 (Sō sō sō. ) |
| Peter: Interesting, one more time. |
| Naomi: 腹時計 (haradokei) |
| Peter: All right. So as you can tell, today we are talking about watches. Now today’s grammar points are, noun plus |
| Naomi: に (ni) |
| Peter: And verb plus |
| Naomi: のに (noni) |
| Peter: And as you will see, we are introducing this today because they can be used in the same way. We will take a look at this in our grammar section. Now today’s conversation is between |
| Naomi: お客さん (ogyakusan) and 店員 (ten'in) |
| Peter: Customer and a shop clerk. The customer wants to repair his watch. So he goes to the department store and speaks to a shop clerk and as this conversation takes place between a shop clerk and a customer, you will hear polite Japanese. All right, with that said, here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 客:すいません。この腕時計を修理してもらいたいのですが。 |
| Kyaku: Suimasēn. Kono udedokei o shūri shite moraitai no desu ga. |
| 店員:はいはい、どれですか？ |
| Ten'in: Hai hai, dore desu ka? |
| 客:これです。 |
| Kyaku: Kore desu. |
| 店員:あー、これは部品を取り寄せないとダメですね。 |
| Ten'in: Ā, kore wa buhin o tori yosenai to dame desu ne. |
| 客:修理にどれぐらいかかりますか？ |
| Kyaku: Shūri ni dore gurai kakarimasu ka? |
| 店員:部品を取り寄せるのに四日、修理に三日かな。来週の水曜日には出来上がると思いますよ。 |
| Ten'in: Buhin o tori yoseru no ni yokka, shūri ni mikka ka nā. Raishū no suiyōbi ni wa deki agaru to omoimasu yo. |
| 客:お値段はいくらですか？ |
| Kyaku: O-nedan wa ikura desu ka? |
| 店員:4万3,000円になります。 |
| Ten'in: 43,000 en ni narimasu. |
| 客:新しいの買うので結構です……。 |
| Kyaku: Atarashii no kau no de kekkō desu… |
| もう一度お願いします。ゆっくりお願いします。 |
| (Mōichido onegaishimasu. Yukkuri onegaishimasu.) |
| 客:すいません。この腕時計を修理してもらいたいのですが。 |
| Kyaku: Suimasēn. Kono udedokei o shūri shite moraitai no desu ga. |
| 店員:はいはい、どれですか？ |
| Ten'in: Hai hai, dore desu ka? |
| 客:これです。 |
| Kyaku: Kore desu. |
| 店員:あー、これは部品を取り寄せないとダメですね。 |
| Ten'in: Ā, kore wa buhin o tori yosenai to dame desu ne. |
| 客:修理にどれぐらいかかりますか？ |
| Kyaku: Shūri ni dore gurai kakarimasu ka? |
| 店員:部品を取り寄せるのに四日、修理に三日かな。来週の水曜日には出来上がると思いますよ。 |
| Ten'in: Buhin o tori yoseru no ni yokka, shūri ni mikka ka nā. Raishū no suiyōbi ni wa deki agaru to omoimasu yo. |
| 客:お値段はいくらですか？ |
| Kyaku: O-nedan wa ikura desu ka? |
| 店員:4万3,000円になります。 |
| Ten'in: 43,000 en ni narimasu. |
| 客:新しいの買うので結構です……。 |
| Kyaku: Atarashii no kau no de kekkō desu… |
| 今度は英語が入ります。 |
| (Kondo wa eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| 客:すいません。この腕時計を修理してもらいたいのですが。 |
| Kyaku: Suimasēn. Kono udedokei o shūri shite moraitai no desu ga. |
| Customer: Excuse me. I would like this watch repaired. |
| 店員:はいはい、どれですか？ |
| Ten'in: Hai hai, dore desu ka? |
| Store Clerk: Yes. Which one is it? |
| 客:これです。 |
| Kyaku: Kore desu. |
| Customer: This one. |
| 店員:あー、これは部品を取り寄せないとダメですね。 |
| Ten'in: Ā, kore wa buhin o tori yosenai to dame desu ne. |
| Store Clerk: Oh. We'd have to order a part. |
| 客:修理にどれぐらいかかりますか？ |
| Kyaku: Shūri ni dore gurai kakarimasu ka? |
| Customer: How long will it take for repairs? |
| 店員:部品を取り寄せるのに四日、修理に三日かな。来週の水曜日には出来上がると思いますよ。 |
| Ten'in: Buhin o tori yoseru no ni yokka, shūri ni mikka ka nā. Raishū no suiyōbi ni wa deki agaru to omoimasu yo. |
| Store Clerk: It will take four days to get hold of the part, and three days for repairs, perhaps. I think it will be done by next Wednesday. |
| 客:お値段はいくらですか？ |
| Kyaku: O-nedan wa ikura desu ka? |
| Customer: How much will it cost? |
| 店員:4万3000円になります。 |
| Ten'in: 43,000 en ni narimasu. |
| Store Clerk: It will be 43,000 yen. |
| 客:新しいの買うので結構です……。 |
| Kyaku: Atarashii no kau no de kekkō desu… |
| Customer: That's okay. I'll just buy a new one... |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Peter: Naomi-sensei このような経験をしたことがありますか (kono yōna keiken o shita koto ga arimasu ka)？ Have you had some kind of experience like this? |
| Naomi: はい。あります。私はデジタルカメラを修理しようとしました。 (Hai. Arimasu. Watashi wa dejitaru kamera o shūri shiyou to shimashita.) |
| Peter: Ah so you had a digital camera repaired? |
| Naomi: はい。でもやめました。 (Hai. Demo yamemashita.) |
| Peter: Why did you stop? |
| Naomi: 修理の値段は高かったんです。 (Shūri no nedan wa takakatta n desu.) |
| Peter: So it is expensive to have it repaired. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: いくらでしたか？ (Ikura deshita ka?) |
| Naomi: 2万円ぐらい。 (2 Man-en gurai.) |
| Peter: So about 20,000 yen. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: Yeah so for about the same price, you can get a new camera. |
| Naomi: I think it’s ridiculous. |
| Peter: Yeah. |
| Naomi: ねえ。ちょっと、何でしょう。 (Nē. Chotto, nani deshou.) 会社の (Kaisha no) conspiracy みたいな (mitai na). |
| Peter: わざとでしょう？ (Wazato deshou?) Like they do it all on purpose. They make the repair price high, so that they force you to buy a new one. |
| Naomi: そうかも。ねえ。 (Sō kamo. Nē.) |
| Peter: だろ？ (Daro?) |
| Naomi: たぶん。大丈夫？ スポンサーとか付かなくならないんですか？ (Tabun. Daijōbu? Suponsā toka tsukanaku naranai n desu ka?) |
| Peter: Okay. So with that said, let’s take a look at some of the vocab in today’s lesson. Naomi-sensei, what do we have first? |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Naomi: 修理 (shūri) |
| Peter: Repairing, mending. |
| Naomi: しゅ・う・り「修理」 (Shi ~yu uri `shūri') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 部品 (buhin) |
| Peter: Parts, accessories. |
| Naomi: ぶ・ひ・ん「部品」 (Bu hi n `buhin') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 取り寄せる (toriyoseru) |
| Peter: To order, to send away for. |
| Naomi: と・り・よ・せ・る「取り寄せる」 (Tori yo seru `toriyoseru') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: かかる (kakaru) |
| Peter: To take, as in time. |
| Naomi: か・か・る「かかる」 (Ka karu `kakaru') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 出来上がる (dekiagaru) |
| Peter: Something, to be ready. |
| Naomi: で・き・あ・が・る「出来上がる」 (Deki a garu `dekiagaru') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 値段 (nedan) |
| Peter: Price, cost. |
| Naomi: ねだん「値段」 (Nedan `nedan'). Now this 値段 (nedan) in today’s dialogue, it is used with お。お値段。お・ね・だ・ん「お値段」 (O. O nedan. O neda n `o nedan') |
| Peter: Next |
| Naomi: 結構 (kekkō) |
| Peter: Well enough, no thank you. |
| Naomi: けっ・こ・う「結構」 (Ke~tsu kou `kekkō') |
| Peter: Let’s take a closer look at some of these words. Naomi-sensei, what do we have first? |
| Naomi: 修理 (shūri) |
| Peter: “To repair.” This is a noun meaning “repair”. So how do we say something like “shoe repair”? |
| Naomi: 靴 (Kutsu) is “shoes”. So 靴の修理 (kutsu no shūri). |
| Peter: So we have the thing followed by the possessive particle followed by “repair”. So literally “shoes repair.” |
| Naomi: 靴の修理 (kutsu no shūri) |
| Peter: When you want to talk about repairing something, that thing that will be repaired comes first as a noun and then の修理 (no shūri) stays the same. |
| Naomi: So コンピューターの修理 (konpyūtā no shūri). |
| Peter: “Computer repair, computer repairing, repairing a computer.” Now if we want to make this into a verb, can we add する (suru) to this? |
| Naomi: そうですね。修理する or 修理をする. (Sō desu ne. Shūri suru or shūri o suru.) Either one is fine. |
| Peter: Now Naomi-sensei, here, how would I say “to repair a computer”? |
| Naomi: コンピューターを修理する。 (Konpyūtā o shūri suru.) |
| Peter: So we have the “computer” marked by the object marking particle を (o) followed by |
| Naomi: 修理する (shūri suru) |
| Peter: “Repair” and the verb “to do”, する (suru), “to repair”. The word, the noun 修理 (shūri) followed by する (suru) making it into a verb. Now there is another way to do this too, right? |
| Naomi: コンピューターの修理をする。 (Konpyūtā no shūri o suru.) |
| Peter: So here, the object marker is marking the whole phrase コンピューターの (konpyūtā no). Then we have する (suru), the verb after the object marker. So both ways to say this are all right. |
| Naomi: コンピューターを修理する。コンピューターの修理をする。 (Konpyūtā o shūri suru. Konpyūtā no shūri o suru.) |
| Peter: Okay. Next we have |
| Naomi: かかる (kakaru) |
| Peter: “To take” as in time, “to take time.” Naomi-sensei, where does this appear in today’s dialogue? |
| Naomi: 修理にどのくらいかかりますか？ (Shūri ni dono kurai kakarimasu ka?) |
| Peter: And our translation was, “how long will it take for repairs” but this sentence could have a different meaning, right? |
| Naomi: はい。そうなんですね。 (Hai. Sōna n desu ne.) This could mean, “how much will it cost for repairs?” |
| Peter: Again this kind of goes back to the taxi example, how much, how long. We are not sure which one we are talking about. |
| Naomi: そうなんです。 (Sōna n desu.) |
| Peter: So かかる (kakaru) has two meanings and they have the same pronunciation. Naomi-sensei, as a native speaker, do you have some insight into this or? |
| Naomi: うーん、難しいですよね。 (Ūn, muzukashii desu yo ne.) What I always do is put subject with が (ga) in front of かかります (kakarimasu). |
| Peter: Can you give us two examples? |
| Naomi: はい。修理にどのくらい時間がかかりますか？ (Hai. Shūri ni dono kurai jikan ga kakarimasu ka?) |
| Peter: “How long will it take for the repair?” So it’s very clear. |
| Naomi: 修理にどのくらいお金がかかりますか？ (Shūri ni dono kurai okane ga kakarimasu ka?) |
| Peter: “How much will it cost for repairs.” So by adding, by adding the subject and the subject marking particle ga, things become very clear. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sō desu ne.) This is what I usually do. |
| Peter: Yes because you are very kind. Now I must admit. I think a lot of the speakers out there would not take the time to put the subject in. |
| Naomi: ああ、そうね。 (Ā, sō ne.) |
| Peter: But we are going to go into this in greater detail in the grammar point. So hang on just one more minute. Before that, there is one more thing we want to take a look at. Naomi-sensei お願いします (onegaishimasu)。 |
| Naomi: 結構です。 (Kekkō desu.) |
| Peter: Again, another vague expression. |
| Naomi: ごめんなさーい。 (Gomen nasāi.) |
| Peter: This could mean, “no thank you” or “that’s good.” It just really depends on the context. So imagine you are at an expensive French restaurant, you choose the wine and the sommelier, the wine steward pours some wine for tasting. You’ve tasted and you liked it. You’d probably say |
| Naomi: （きっぱりと）結構です！ ([Kippari to] kekkō desu!) |
| Peter: “That’s fine.” Now flip it around, say you are at a diner and you had a cup of coffee and the waiter comes and asks if you want another cup. If you don’t want more, you can say |
| Naomi: （穏やかな口調で）結構です。 ([Odayakana kuchō de] kekkō desu.) |
| Peter: “I am fine.” So this is another one that has two meanings depending on the context. |
| Naomi: Same pronunciation. |
| Peter: I tend to use this one to politely decline things. |
| Naomi: でも、「いいです」という意味で、結構です (Demo,`ii desu' to iu imi de, kekkō desu) is often used. |
| Peter: Let’s not even talk about E because that one is really confusing. |
| Naomi: ああ、そうですね。 (Ā, sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: We have to have a whole lesson on that one. For now, we are just going to cover this. Okay let’s take a quick look at the grammar point. Now today’s grammar point is |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Naomi: のに (noni) |
| Peter: To indicate the purpose or aim. It is used in a structure like in its plain non-past form plus |
| Naomi: のに (noni) |
| Peter: And this is equivalent to, “to do” which indicates the purpose. For example, let’s take a look at today’s dialogue. |
| Naomi: 取り寄せるのに四日 (toriyoseru no ni yokka) |
| Peter: It will take four days to get it. |
| Naomi: In this sentence, かかります (kakarimasu) is dropped. |
| Peter: It’s inferred. |
| Naomi: はい、そうですね。 (Hai, sō desu ne.) So the original sentence should be 取り寄せるのに四日かかります (toriyoseru no ni yokka kakarimasu). |
| Peter: So “to get this back, it will take four days”. Now I want to give you a little bit of a hint here. We kind of talked about how we weren’t sure without the subject かかる (kakaru) can be a bit ambiguous, a bit vague. We are not sure what it really means. However when a plain non-past verb appears before のに (noni), the nuance of the sentence is, time. So how much time will it take? So that’s the nuance that we have. Let’s have another example. |
| Naomi: この本を読むのに二日かかりました。 (Kono honwoyomunoni ni-nichi kakarimashita.) |
| Peter: “It took two days to read this book.” In today’s dialogue, we had a related structure, noun plus に (ni), where did that appear? |
| Naomi: 修理にどのくらいかかりますか？ (Shūri ni dono kurai kakarimasu ka?) |
| Peter: “How long will it take for the repairs?” Now here we have noun 修理 (shūri) plus |
| Naomi: に (ni) |
| Peter: We can also – as we said, we can also add する (suru) to make 修理 (shūri) into a verb. In this case, we have |
| Naomi: 修理するのにどのくらいかかりますか？ (Shūri surunoni dono kurai kakarimasu ka?) |
| Peter: “How long will it take for repairs.” Now, plain non-past verb plus のに (noni) works across the board. This works for all the structures. Noun plus に (ni) works sometimes. |
| Naomi: Depends on the noun. |
| Peter: It depends on the noun. So if you are not sure, go with the verb, okay 例えば (tatoeba) Naomi-sensei, how long will it take to memorize the 常用漢字 (jōyōkanji)? |
| Naomi: え？ 漢字を覚えるのに、うーん……。 (E? Kanji o oboeru no ni, ūn…….) |
| Peter: 一生かかります。 (Isshō kakarimasu.) |
| Naomi: 常用漢字は (Jōyōkanji wa) Not too bad. |
| Peter: Not your whole life. |
| Naomi: 常用でしょ？ (Jōyō desho?) Only for regular life. |
| Peter: Yeah. |
| Naomi: だったら、まあ10年ぐらい？ 5年ぐらいかな？ (Dattara, mā 10-nen gurai? 5-Nen gurai ka na?) |
| Peter: Interesting. Can we come up with a sentence ～のに、一生かかります (~ no ni, isshō kakarimasu) so “it takes your whole life.” |
| Naomi: はい。(Hai.) じゃあ (Jā ) sample sentence ね (ne). 「ピーターさんの机を掃除するのに、一生かかります」 (`Pītā-san no tsukue o sōji suru no ni, isshō kakarimasu'). |
| Peter: So it will take my whole life to clean my desk. |
| Naomi: そうそうそうそう。 (Sō sō sō sō.) Peter’s desk ね (ne). |
| Peter: それ以上でしょ？ (Sore ijō desho?) More than that. |
| Naomi: ああ、そうね。そうですね。 (Ā, sōne. Sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: Okay, how about this? 世界を回るのに、一生かかります。 (Sekai o mawaru no ni, isshō kakarimasu.) |
| Naomi: 全部国を回るのに、一生かかります。 (Zenbu kuni o mawaru no ni, isshō kakarimasu.) |
| Peter: That’s what I wanted to say. |
| Naomi: そうですね。 (Sō desu ne.) |
| Peter: I'm set to go around the world. It will take a whole life but Naomi-sensei read my mind 心読まれました (Kokoro yoma remashita) and came up with the sentence, it will take a whole life to visit all the countries of the world. もう一度お願いします。 (Mōichido onegaishimasu.) |
| Naomi: 全部の国を回るのに、一生かかります。 (Zenbu no kuni o mawaru no ni, isshō kakarimasu.) |
| Peter: All right. I think that’s going to do it for today. |
| Naomi: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: Don’t forget to stop by JapanesePod101.com, pick up the PDF. Inside the PDF a very detailed write up of today’s lesson and today’s lesson is a very, very important grammar point especially if you are going to take the JLPT in the coming weeks, this grammar point will surely be on there. |
| Naomi: そうですね。ジャパニーズポッド101は日本語を勉強するのに便利です。 (Sō desu ne. Japanīzupoddo 101 wa nihongo o benkyō suru no ni benri desu.) |
| Peter: So JapanesePod101.com is useful for studying Japanese. |
Outro |
| Naomi: のに (noni) |
| Peter: のに (Noni) All right, that’s going to do for today. |
| Naomi: じゃあ、また！ (Jā, mata!) |
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