Learn about the polite present negative form of the copula
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Sakura: さくらです。 (Sakura desu.) |
| Megumi: めぐみです。 (Megumi desu.) |
| Peter: Peter here. |
| Megumi: Beginner lesson season 2, #12. We are going to the Chapel everyone. |
| Peter: Sakura-san. |
| Sakura: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Peter: You are married right? |
| Sakura: はい。(Hai. ) and ピーターさんは？ (Pītā-san wa?) |
| Peter: Yeah I am married. めぐみさん？ (Megumi-san?) |
| Sakura: めぐみさん？ (Megumi-san?) |
| Megumi: Don’t look at me. No, I don’t want to think about it. |
| Peter: Wow! |
| Megumi: So let’s not go there you guys. |
| Peter: Yeah I think that’s a topic for a different lesson. So Megumi-san, what are we talking about today? |
| Megumi: Well today we are going to cover the polite negative. |
| Peter: In season 2, we are covering topics we covered in the original beginner lessons. So this is the time to really reinforce the vocab, the grammar points and everything we covered previously. Okay so the difficulty level of today's lesson is not too bad however there are some very interesting vocab and phrases in there. So with that said, let’s get into today’s lesson. Here we go. |
| DIALOGUE |
| たけし: 恵子さん、こんにちは。 (Keiko-san, konnichiwa.) |
| 恵子: あ〜たけしさん、こんにちは。今からどこへ行きますか。 (A Takeshi-san, konnichiwa. Ima kara doko e ikimasu ka?) |
| たけし: 名古屋へ行きます。 (Nagoya e ikimasu.) |
| 恵子: えっ、名古屋?旅行ですか? (E, Nagoya? Ryokō desu ka?) |
| たけし: いいえ、旅行じゃありません。名古屋で友達の結婚式があります。結婚式は、名古屋の六甲山ホテルであります。 (Iie, ryokō ja arimasen. Nagoya de tomodachi no kekkonshiki ga arimasu. Kekkonshiki wa, Nagoya no Rokkōsan hoteru de arimasu.) |
| 恵子: わ〜、いいですね。 (Wā, ii desu ne.) |
| たけし: 六甲山ホテルは100万ドルです。 (Rokkōsan hoteru wa 100 man doru desu.) |
| 恵子: えっ、何?100万ドル? (E, nani? 100 man doru?) |
| たけし: そう。ホテルで見る夜景は100万ドルです。100万ドルの夜景です。 (Sō. Hoteru de miru yakei wa 100 man doru desu. 100 man doru no yakei desu.) |
| 恵子: すばらしい!うらやましいですね。 (Subarashii! Urayamashii desu ne.) |
| もう一度お願いします。今度は、ゆっくりお願いします。 (Mōichido onegaishimasu. Kondo wa, yukkuri onegaishimasu.) |
| たけし: 恵子さん、こんにちは。 (Keiko-san, konnichiwa.) |
| 恵子: あ〜たけしさん、こんにちは。今からどこへ行きますか。 (A Takeshi-san, konnichiwa. Ima kara doko e ikimasu ka?) |
| たけし: 名古屋へ行きます。 (Nagoya e ikimasu.) |
| 恵子: えっ、名古屋?旅行ですか? (E, Nagoya? Ryokō desu ka?) |
| たけし: いいえ、旅行じゃありません。名古屋で友達の結婚式があります。結婚式は、名古屋の六甲山ホテルであります。 (Iie, ryokō ja arimasen. Nagoya de tomodachi no kekkonshiki ga arimasu. Kekkonshiki wa, Nagoya no Rokkōsan hoteru de arimasu.) |
| 恵子: わ〜、いいですね。 (Wā, ii desu ne.) |
| たけし: 六甲山ホテルは100万ドルです。 (Rokkōsan hoteru wa 100 man doru desu.) |
| 恵子: えっ、何?100万ドル? (E, nani? 100 man doru?) |
| たけし: そう。ホテルで見る夜景は100万ドルです。100万ドルの夜景です。 (Sō. Hoteru de miru yakei wa 100 man doru desu. 100 man doru no yakei desu.) |
| 恵子: すばらしい!うらやましいですね。 (Subarashii! Urayamashii desu ne.) |
| 次はピーターさんの英語が入ります。 (Tsugi wa pītā-san no eigo ga hairimasu.) |
| たけし: 恵子さん、こんにちは。 (Megumisan, kon'nichiwa.) |
| Peter: Hello Keiko. |
| 恵子: あ〜たけしさん、こんにちは。今からどこへ行きますか。 (A 〜 Takeshi-san, kon'nichiwa. Ima kara doko e ikimasu ka) |
| Peter: Hello Mr. Takashi, where are you going now? |
| たけし: 名古屋へ行きます。 (Nagoya e ikimasu) |
| Peter: I am going to Nagoya. |
| 恵子: えっ、名古屋?旅行ですか? (E~tsu, Nagoya? Ryokō desu ka?) |
| Peter:Wow, Nagoya? Are you going on a trip? |
| たけし: いいえ、旅行じゃありません。名古屋で友達の結婚式があります。 (Īe, ryokō jaarimasen. Nagoya de tomodachi no kekkonshiki ga arimasu.) |
| Peter: No, actually it isn’t a trip. I have a friend’s wedding in Nagoya. |
| 結婚式は、名古屋の六甲山ホテルであります。 (Kekkonshiki wa, Nagoya no rokkōzanhoterudearimasu.) |
| Peter: The marriage ceremony will take place at the Rokkosan hotel in Nagoya. |
| 恵子: わ〜、いいですね。 (Wā, ii desu ne.) |
| Peter: Wow, that's very nice. |
| たけし: 六甲山ホテルは100万ドルです。 (Rokkōzanhoteru wa hyaku-man doru desu.) |
| Peter: The Rokkosan hotel is a million dollars. |
| 恵子: えっ、何?100万ドル? (E~tsu, nani? hyaku-man doru?) |
| Peter: What, a million dollars. |
| たけし: そう。ホテルで見る夜景は100万ドルです。100万ドルの夜景です。 (Sō. Hoteru de miru yakei wa hyaku-man doru desu. hyaku-man doru no yakei desu.) |
| Peter: Yes, the night view from the hotel is a million dollar view. |
| 恵子: すばらしい!うらやましいですね。 (Subarashī! Urayamashī desu ne.) |
| Peter: Wonderful. I am jealous. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Megumi: さくらさん。 (Sakura-san.) |
| Sakura: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Megumi: さくらさん。 (Sakura-san.) |
| Sakura: はい。 (Hai.) |
| Megumi: 今日の会話はどう思いましたか？ (Kyō no kaiwa wa dō omoimashita ka?) |
| Sakura: ちょっとびっくりしましたけど。 (Chotto bikkuri shimashita kedo.) |
| Peter: You are a little surprised, why? |
| Sakura: 100万ドル (hyaku-man doru) is a lot of money. |
| Peter: Yes, a million dollars. |
| Megumi: Yes. |
| Peter: But I think they were talking about the view. |
| Sakura: うん。 (Un.) |
| Megumi: Is a view worth a million dollars? |
| Peter: Yes I would say. You have not been to the right places. Have you? |
| Megumi: No, no I am very inexperienced. |
| Peter: Well Sakura-san is here for that. Right? |
| Sakura: No, I have never been to this place either. Only on TV ね。(Ne.) |
| Peter: Well that’s what I was talking about. |
| Sakura: Oh I see. |
| Peter: All right. So what we are going to do now is take a look at the vocab. Then we are going to cover the grammar point. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Peter: Okay, so with that said, さくらさん、お願いします。 (Sakura-san, onegaishimasu.) |
| Sakura: 名古屋 (Nagoya) |
| Megumi: Nagoya. |
| Sakura: (slow)なごや (Nagoya) (natural speed)名古屋 (Nagoya) |
| Megumi: Now Sakura-san, refresh my memory, where exactly is Nagoya city? |
| Sakura: Nagoya city is located in Aichi prefecture and it’s about the center of Japan. |
| Megumi: Is it a little north of Tokyo? |
| Sakura: It is Southwest of Tokyo, yes. |
| Megumi: Okay. |
| Peter: About two hours by Shinkansen, the bullet train. |
| Sakura: One hour and half I think. |
| Peter: And now, if I say to Sakura. 愛知県 (Aichi ken), Aichi prefecture, what immediately pops into your mind without question? |
| Sakura: 味噌カツ？ (Miso katsu?) |
| Peter: That’s good, awesome. さくらさん～。トヨタ。 (Sakura-san ~. Toyota.) |
| Sakura:Toyota is famous, yes, yes. |
| Peter: The Company Toyota. |
| Sakura: Yes and it’s famous for Suzuka Circuit as well. F1, Formula 1. |
| Peter: Yeah and lots and lots of food. |
| Sakura: Yes. 味噌カツ。 (Miso katsu.) |
| Peter: Have you had it? |
| Sakura: Yes, it’s good とんかつ。とんかつ (Tonkatsu. Tonkatsu) is deep fried cutlet, pork cutlet. |
| Peter: Pork cutlet. |
| Sakura: Yes and in Nagoya, they have a miso sauce, miso is okay? |
| Peter: Yeah that’s fine. |
| Sakura: Red miso sauce instead of the usual sauce. |
| Peter: I am getting so hungry Sakura-san! |
| Sakura: It’s good. |
| Peter: Also what lake is located nearby? |
| Sakura: 琵琶湖。 (Biwako.) Biwa lake. |
| Peter: Lake Biwa yeah. |
| Sakura: Yes, Lake Biwa. |
| Peter: And what are they famous for? |
| Sakura: Uh? |
| Peter: A little hint. It looks like a snake. |
| Sakura: Unagi? |
| Peter: That’s right. |
| Sakura: そうだ。 (Sō da.) |
| Peter: So Nagoya is also quite famous for |
| Megumi: eel. |
| Peter: eel which is unagi. |
| Sakura: Yes. |
| Megumi: I love unagi. |
| Peter: Oh then you should really go there. We had some really, really good eel. |
| Megumi: あ、本当？ (A, hontō?) |
| Peter: Yeah. |
| Sakura: And there is also エビフライ (ebifurai) as well, it is famous. エビフライ (ebifurai) is |
| Peter: Yeah it’s put inside the Onigiri, the Rice Ball. |
| Megumi: Ah that one is famous too. |
| Peter: Yeah. |
| Sakura: It’s deep fried shrimp, prawn. |
| Peter: Both are okay. Don’t ask the difference, don’t ask the difference. |
| Megumi: Yeah. |
| Peter: Okay way too much time on going here. |
| Sakura: Sorry. |
| Peter: But I mean we can really spend the whole lesson on it. So we took off. Now let’s just move on. Next we have |
| Sakura: 旅行 (ryokō) |
| Megumi: Travel. |
| Sakura: (slow)りょこう (ryokō) (natural speed)旅行 (ryokō) |
| Megumi: Sample sentence please |
| SAKURA: 年末の旅行は楽しかった (Nenmatsu no ryokō wa tanoshikatta) |
| Megumi: The end of the year trip was fun. Next word. |
| Sakura: 友達 (tomodachi) |
| Megumi: Friend. |
| Sakura: (slow)ともだち (tomodachi) (natural speed)友達 (tomodachi) |
| Megumi: Sample sentence please. |
| Sakura: イギリス人の友達がいます。 (Igirisu-jin no tomodachi ga imasu.) |
| Megumi: I have a British friend. Next word |
| Sakura: 結婚式 (kekkonshiki) |
| Megumi: Marriage ceremony. |
| Sakura: (slow)けっこんしき (kekkon shiki) (natural speed)結婚式 (kekkonshiki) |
| Megumi: Sample sentence. |
| Sakura : 結婚式をどこで行いますか？ (Kekkonshiki o doko de okonaimasu ka?) |
| Megumi: Where will you hold the marriage ceremony? |
| Peter: Now this verb 行う (okonau) and we had actually the polite form 行います (okonaimasu). Sakura-san. Something I want to point out about this word. I think you know what I am talking about. What is the kanji for this word? |
| Sakura: あ～。行く。 (Ā. Iku.) |
| Peter: Yes, the same character as to go. So the first time I saw this, I thought it was a mistake. I thought it was 行きます (ikimasu) what they wanted to say but it’s really 行います (okonaimasu) and the way you tell the difference is what comes after the character. |
| Megumi: Yes. |
| Peter: Ka-row. かきくけこ。 (Ka kiku ke ko.) and which verb is it? |
| Sakura: 行く。 (Iku.) |
| Peter: To go but we have something from the first row あいうえお (aiueo) we have |
| Sakura: 行う (okonau) |
| Peter: So that’s how you tell the difference. |
| Sakura: Right. |
| Peter: And this is usually with an event, something that’s held 結婚式を行う (Kekkonshiki o okonau). Next we have. |
| Sakura: ホテル (hoteru) |
| Megumi: Hotel. |
| Sakura: (slow)ホテル (hoteru) (natural speed)ホテル (hoteru) |
| Megumi: Very straightforward and taken from the English word Hotel, ホテル。 (Hoteru.) Next word. |
| Sakura: 100万 (100 man) |
| Megumi: Million. Sample sentence, please. |
| Sakura: 100万円は1万ドルくらいですね。 (100 Man-en wa 1 man-doru kurai desu ne.) |
| Megumi: A ¥1 million is about $10,000. Next word. |
| Sakura: ドル (doru) |
| Megumi: Dollar. |
| Sakura: (slow)ドル (doru) (natural speed)ドル (doru) |
| Megumi: And again very, very straightforward. Taken from the English word dollar, you get ドル。(Doru.) |
| Peter: Sakura-san, when we say ドル (doru), dollar, what pops into your head, come on Sakura-san. Which dollar, you think ‘dollars’? |
| Sakura: Which dollar ね。アメリカ？の米ドル？ (Ne. Amerika? No amerikadoru?) |
| Peter: US dollar. |
| Sakura: Yes. |
| Peter: Which is one more time please. |
| Sakura: 米ドル (amerikadoru) |
| Peter: But there are lots of dollars all over the world, not just in the US. So can you give us a few others? For example, what about Australia? They have the Australian dollar. |
| Sakura: オーストラリアドル (Ōsutorariadoru) |
| Peter: How about Hong Kong? |
| Sakura: 香港ドル (Honkondoru) |
| Peter: How about Singapore? |
| Sakura: シンガポールドル (Shingapōru doru) |
| Peter: How about Canada, Canadian dollar? |
| Sakura: カナダドル (Kanadadoru) |
| Peter: So you can see that there are various types. So here are a few examples of the different dollars around the world in Japanese. Next we have. |
| Sakura: 100万ドルの夜景 (hyaku-man doru no yakei) |
| Megumi: Million dollar view. |
| SAKURA: Yes and here 夜景 (yakei) means night view right? |
| Megumi: Yeah. The kanji for night 夜 (yoru) is the first character in this word. |
| Sakura: Yes 夜 (yoru) is night. |
| Megumi: Yeah. |
| Peter: Sakura-san, can you give us the phrase one more time? |
| Sakura: 100万ドルの夜景 (hyaku-man doru no yakei) |
| Peter: So here we have first the word for million dollars which is |
| Sakura: 100万ドル (hyaku-man doru) |
| Peter: Followed by the possessive. |
| Sakura: の (no) |
| Peter: So it’s like a million dollars. Then |
| Sakura: 夜景 (yakei) |
| Peter: Night view. Million-dollar night view. It could also go the other way. Night view of a million dollars. This is the literal translation but again when we translate to English, what do we do, Megumi-san? |
| Megumi: We just – well streamline it. |
| Peter: Million dollar view. And then maybe in this case, a million dollar night view but I still don’t really get it. Sakura-san, if you say a million dollar view or a million dollar night view, what do you imagine? Where are you? Are you standing on the street level? |
| Sakura: No, no. |
| Peter: Looking at the buildings, looking up or where are you? What’s going on? |
| Sakura: In a very tall building. 高層ビル。(Kōsō biru.) |
| Peter: Skyscraper. |
| Megumi: Skyscraper. Uh… |
| Peter: Looking out at an amazing view right? |
| Megumi: Yes ロマンチックですね。 (Romanchikku desu ne.) |
| Sakura: Oh but in this case, maybe it’s not a building but it’s a mountain. So it’s a high place and looking down at the city. |
| Peter: Got it. Where was the last million dollar view you experienced? |
| Sakura: あ～ (Ā) |
| Peter: Is that your official answer? |
| Sakura: Actually 新宿。 (Shinjuku.) |
| Peter: Shinjuku. |
| Sakura: Shinjuku on top of the skyscraper ね。 (ne.) New York is famous right? |
| Peter: Yes. If you ever have the chance, head up the Empire State building right before it’s going to get dark right around dusk and that way you get to see kind of the sun going down and the city getting dark but then lighting up. |
| Megumi: Next word |
| Sakura: 素晴らしい (subarashī) |
| Megumi: Great, fantastic, wonderful. |
| Sakura: (slow)すばらしい (subarashī) (natural speed)素晴らしい (subarashī) |
| Megumi: Now what comes to mind right now when you think of something that is 素晴らしい。 (Subarashī.) |
| Sakura: A day off. |
| Megumi: I know. That would be 素晴らしい。 (Subarashī.) |
| Peter: Sakura-san, Megami-san is new here. Please don’t give her any ideas. |
| Megumi: I need the encouragement. And the next word |
| Sakura: 羨ましい (urayamashī) |
| Megumi: Envious. |
| Sakura: (slow)うらやましい (urayamashī) (natural speed)羨ましい (urayamashī) |
| Megumi: Next is today’s grammar point. We will be covering ではありません (de wa arimasen) and じゃありません (ja arimasen), the polite negatives. Now Sakura-san, can you read to us the sentence in which じゃありません (ja arimasen) is used? |
| Sakura: 旅行じゃありません。 (Ryokō jaarimasen.) |
| Megumi: It’s not a trip. Since 旅行 (ryokō) is a noun, you can attach じゃありません (ja arimasen) directly to it. 旅行じゃありません (ryokō jaarimasen) and this is the construction noun plus じゃありません (ja arimasen). |
| Megumi: We can also have Sakura-san. |
| Sakura: 旅行ではありません。 (Ryokōde wa arimasen.) |
| Megumi: Right now you heard Sakura-san just mention ではありません (De wa arimasen). Now ではありません (De wa arimasen) is the polite version of じゃありません (Ja arimasen). |
| Sakura: Right. |
Outro |
|---|
| Megumi: All right. That’s going to do it for today. |
| Sakura: またね。 (Mata ne.) |
| Megumi: Bye, bye. |
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