Learn how to create the negative forms of the irregular Class 3 verbs suru and kuru
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| Welcome to learn Japanese grammar absolute beginner. In this video series, you learn basic Japanese grammar patterns and phrases through easy to follow audio and visual cues. Here is what we will cover in this lesson. Ready? Let’s get started. |
| だいじょうぶ。 (Daijōbu.) |
| Naomi: だいじょうぶ。 (Daijōbu.) |
| Kat: Okay, all right, no problem. |
| Naomi: だ、い、じょ、う、ぶ。 (da, i, jo, u, bu.) だいじょうぶ。 (Daijōbu.) |
| Kat: I can tell you that this would be one of the words you use most in Japanese. |
| Naomi: It’s very true. We use this word all the time. You can use it as a question, だいじょうぶ？ (Daijōbu?) You have to use a rising intonation to make it a question. |
| Kat: To answer in affirmative though, make sure the intonation doesn’t go up. だいじょうぶ。 (Daijōbu.) Just like that. |
| Naomi: So, let’s say that I say Kat having trouble with something, using informal Japanese, I could say, キャット、だいじょうぶ？ (Kyatto Daijōbu?) Are you okay Kat? |
| Kat: うん、だいじょうぶ。 (Un, Daijōbu.) Yeah I am fine. So as you can see, nothing changes but the intonation here. |
| Naomi: Also I should point out that what we are asking about depends upon context. |
| Kat: Ah good point. Just asking だいじょうぶ？ (Daijōbu?) is like a general, are you okay? But depending on the situation, it might mean is it okay, or is this okay, et cetera. |
| Naomi: Or, is this good? |
| Kat: Exactly, yeah. うん (Un). |
| Naomi: だいじょうぶ。 (Daijōbu.) |
| Naomi: まどかはサッカーをしない。 |
| Kat: In this lesson, you will learn how to make the negative form of class 3 verbs. Class 3 verbs are the irregular verbs in Japanese and the good news is for those of you who have studied European languages is that there are only two of them. |
| Naomi: はい、そうです。 (Hai, sō desu.). する (suru) |
| Kat: To do |
| Naomi: And くる (kuru) |
| Kat: To come. |
| Naomi: Okay. First let’s look at する (suru) |
| Kat: This means to do. Now usually this word comes after a noun and makes it a verb, right? |
| Naomi: That’s right. 電話 (denwa) which is phone or a phone call. |
| Kat: Ah! So, 電話する (denwa suru) would be to make a call. |
| Naomi: はい 。(Hai.) あいさつ, a greeting like こんにちは (konnichiwa) or おはよう (ohayō) |
| Kat: So あいさつする (aisatsu suru) would be to greet someone. |
| Naomi: So now that we know a lot of verbs, let’s make the negative. In the negative, する (suru) becomes しない (shinai). |
| Kat: Class 3 verbs don’t follow any rules, they just have irregular forms that you have to remember. |
| Naomi: そうです。 (Sō desu.) So now let’s make some sentences. |
| Kat: Let’s talk about sports first. |
| Naomi: Okay. まどかはサッカーをしない。 (Madoka wa sakkā o shinai.) |
| Kat: Madoka doesn’t play soccer. |
| Naomi: 今日、ケントはサッカーをしない。 (Kyō, Kento wa sakkā o shinai.) |
| Kat: Kent is not going to play soccer today. |
| Naomi: So that’s not so bad, is it? Just change する (suru) to しない (shinai) |
| Kat: OK, and there is one more class 3 verb. |
| Naomi: くる (kuru). |
| Kat: To come. |
| What’s the negative form of this one? |
| Naomi: こない (konai) |
| Kat: So again, just an irregular form that you have to memorize. Can we hear some sample sentences? |
| Naomi: Sure. 明日学校に来ない。 (Ashita gakkō ni konai.) |
| Kat: I am not coming to school tomorrow. |
| Naomi: So, くる (kuru) just becomes こない (konai) |
| Kat: Right exactly. |
| Naomi: まどかはサッカーをしない。 (Madoka wa sakkā o shinai.) |
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